The J.W's Stance On Education: A Return To Original Christian Thought?

by Rapunzel 6 Replies latest jw friends

  • Rapunzel
    Rapunzel

    As has been stated in many threads, most Witnesses have long considered education - especially higher or university education - in a negative light. Most Witnesses take a dim view of any educational pursuits beyond the bare minimum required by the socities and communities in which they live. Of course, this is not true for every single Witness in every congregation around the world; there are some who "buck the trend," and pursue higher education [often facing some kind of sanction or ostracism for doing so]. Moreover, during the past ten years or so, there appears to be some ambivalence on the part of the Organization. A few years back, the Organization was sending out "mixed signals" on the issue. Most recently, it appears that a more conservative, hard-line position has been taken - a position that harks back to the militant anti-higher-education position adopted in the 1950's, 60's, and 70's.

    My questions is: In adopting such a stance an attitude, are the Witnesses, in fact, assuming [perhaps unknowingly] the attitude of the earliest Christians?

    I am presently reading a very interesting book on biblical textual criticism by Bart Ehrman entitled Misquoting Jesus - The Story Behind Who Changed The Bible And Why. In his chapter, "The Beginnings of Christian Scripture," Ehrman writes about Celsus - a learned, pagan opponent of Christiantiy living at the end of the second century - and Origen, a Christian apologist who lived some seventy years later, at the beginning of the third century. Celsus wrote a book entitled The True Word in which he attacked Christianity with the argument that it was a foolish and dangerous religion that should be thoroughly eradicated, wiped off the face of the earth. Unfortunately, nothing remains of Celsus' The True Word in of itself; there are no surviving manuscripts. What does survive is Origen's work - Against Celsus [Contra Celsum]. Origen was asked to write a reply to Celsus' criticism. In doing so, Origen quoted extensively from Celsus' The True Word. Thus Origen's Against Celsus is the chief source of information about Celsus' criticism of Christianity.

    In Contra Celsum, Origen notes the following charges made against Chritianity by Celsus: "[The Christians injunctions are like this - 'Let no one educated, no one wise, no one sensible draw near. For these abilities are thought by us to be evils. But as for anyone ignorant, anyone stupid, anyone uneducated, anyone who is a child, let him come boldly.'" (Against Celsus 3.44)

    Amother quote by Celsus that Origen cites in his book, Against Celsus: "Moreover, we see that those people [the Christians] who display their secret lore in market-places and go about begging would never enter a gathering of intelligent men, nor would they dare to reveal their noble beliefs in their presence; but whenever they see adolescent boys and a crowd of slaves and a company of fools, they push themselves in and show off." (Against Celsus 3.50)

    And in a third quote, Celsus disparages Christians as being "wool-workers, cobblers, laundry-workers, and the most illiterate and bucolic yokels who would not dare to say anything at all in front of their elders and more intelligent masters. But whenever they [the Christians] get a hold of children in private...they let out some astonishing statements, as, for example, that they must not pay attention to their father and school teachers...[The Christians] say that these talk nonsense and have no understanding." Celsus goes on to mock Christians for urging youngsters to "learn perfection" at the wooldresser's, cobbler's, or washerwoman's shop. (Against Celsus 3.56)

    Basically, Celsus portrays Christians as sneaky, cowardly predators wallowing in their own ignorance. Being foolish,ignorant, and stupid themselves, they search out those who are even more naive, ignorant and stupid. They encourage social unrest and turmoil by persuading simpletons and naifs to ignore parents and others in authority.

    In short, while reading these passages, I noticed how they "resonate" with what the Organization has to say about seeking education. Hence my question: Is the Witness stance on education simply a return to the thinking of early Christianity? After all, Witnesses pride themselves on "restoring" the true and original form of Christianity. Could it be that, with their anti-educational policies, they got it right? Is Christianity fundamentally and radically - at its foundation and at its roots - an anti-intellectual (indeed anti-intellect) religion? Could Jesus possibly have intended the religion for misfits, simpletons, and other asundry riff-raff? Were these his target audience?

  • jwfacts
    jwfacts

    Thank you for the interesting information.

    Religion in general can attract simple minded followers, and cults do like to control the education of their members. However, I would not put too much weight on the AntiChristian comments, as many are the same sort of bitter slander that are targetted at Apostates. There were many intelligent Christians, such as some of the Ante Nicene Fathers.

  • Jankyn
    Jankyn

    I really enjoyed Ehrman's book. He's got another out now, but I haven't had time to pick it up---has to do with why God allows suffering.

    Jankyn

  • Rapunzel
    Rapunzel

    Ehrman's latest book is entitled God's Problem: How the Bible Fails To Answer Our Most Important Question - Why We Suffer. In this book, Ehrman deals with the issue of theodicy, the existence of evil and suffering in the world - a world supposedly created by an omnipotent and omnibenevolent God, a God which is at once both all-powerful and all-good. The problem of theodicy is a paradoxical one posing the following dilemma: If God is capable of eradicating suffering and pain, but chooses not to do so, then God could hardly be called "all-good." If God is not capable of eradicating evil, then obviously God is not all-powerful. The issue of theodicy seems to prohibit people from viewing God as being both all-powerful and all-good. At best, it's one or the other, but not both.

    In God's Problem, Ehrman analyses the competing and contradictory explanations as found in the Bible. For example, the biblical prophets see suffering as a punishment for sin. In the book of Job, two different answers are offered - 1) Suffering is a kind of "exam" or "test," with the reward for "passing" it coming later. 2.) Suffering is beyond comprehension, and we should not even have the temerity to ask God why God allows us to suffer. We are merely humans while God, after all, is God. In Ecclesiastes, suffering is in the very nature of thing; it is intrinsic to existence and must simply be accepted as such. In all of the apocalyptic texts - both Hebrew and New Testament - humans are told to be patient and that God will eventually "make straight" all the crooked paths by correcting all that is wrong with the world, all in due time.

    In his book, Ehrman examines the biblical responses to suffering. What may surprise some people is the fact that these answers are other than what might be expected, and that some of these answers contradict each other. This is hardly surprising at all since the Bible contains many contradictions. It was written at different times, by different people, holding different viewpoints and perspectives. As for theodicy, it's an ancient problem that pre-Christian writers dealt with.

  • Awakened07
    Awakened07
    Is Christianity fundamentally and radically - at its foundation and at its roots - an anti-intellectual (indeed anti-intellect) religion?

    -It does rely on faith as opposed to intellectual thought, philosophy etc.:

    1Cr 1:20-27 (NIV)"Where is the wise man? Where is the scholar? Where is the philosopher of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? | For since in the wisdom of God the world through its wisdom did not know him, God was pleased through the foolishness of what was preached to save those who believe. | Jews demand miraculous signs and Greeks look for wisdom, | but we preach Christ crucified: a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles, | but to those whom God has called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God. | For the foolishness of God is wiser than man's wisdom, and the weakness of God is stronger than man's strength. | Brothers, think of what you were when you were called. Not many of you were wise by human standards; not many were influential; not many were of noble birth. | But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong."

    1Cr 2:14 (NIV)"The man without the Spirit does not accept the things that come from the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him, and he cannot understand them, because they are spiritually discerned."

    These were once among my favorite verses, because it kinda showed that even though people didn't understand us, and even though many learned people would mock us, it was only because they didn't have the spiritual means to understand, and/or were blinded by Satan - not because there was anything wrong or foolish about our beliefs. I have since then come to a different conclusion. "What we teach may seem foolish to you, but that's just because you don't have the invisible force decoder ring to enable you to understand it."

  • lovelylil
    lovelylil

    I do not see anything scriptural in the bible that is against education. I think it is more or less how people "spin" the scriptures. They do the same thing with money. They will quickly point out that money is the "root of injurious things", but there are other texts that show "money is for a protection" and that we should "work hard to give to the poor" after paying for our expenses. So again, its how you interpret things. Lilly

  • LouBelle
    LouBelle

    Before reformation only the clergy could read the bible and the majority of people of their time were uneducated and obviously couldn't read, they had to just believe what they were being told and thus many were deceived.

    Education prompts research, prompts answering questions. Obvsiously the witnesses don't want rank and file thinking for themselves - suddenly there will be more questions than answers.

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