Official WT Report?

by nicolaou 9 Replies latest jw friends

  • nicolaou
    nicolaou

    The following report was sent to me anonymously. It's huge!
    At over 30,000 words and 68 pages it's a lot to take in. I'm not too sure what the purpose of the report is or in fact what it's real 'source' is.
    Seems to be some type of Procedural Statement.

    For any one who's interested, read on. If you'd like me to email you the document as it was sent to me, in Word format, just let me know.

    Nic'
    I'm going to try posting this in sections as the server seems to be struggling to accept it all in one go!

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    Chapter 1

    Governing Body and Branch Committees

    1. GOVERNING BODY: The Governing Body is made up of brothers who are anointed servants of Jehovah God. They act as representatives of the faithful and discreet slave" class which has the responsibility for giving direction and impetus to the Kingdom work. (Matt. 24:45) While the Governing Body delegates certain details or responsibilities to committees made up of its own members, or committees made up of other dedicated servants of God, or to instruments such as corporations and legal agencies, it always takes the lead for the smooth functioning of the organization and the unity of all of God's people. As the Governing Body, it has the prerogative to use its discretion and look into any matters it deems necessary to examine with regard to the Kingdom work. To oversee various aspects of the work, committees have been established as follows.

    2. SERVICE COMMITTEE: This committee supervises all areas of the evangelizing work, including service matters affecting congregation organization, shepherding activity of elders and travelling representatives who are caring for the spiritual welfare of God's people around the earth, also all pioneer activity. .Annual reports from the branches dealing with the field activity worldwide are examined and acknowledged by this Committee. The monthly field service reports (S-81) and the missionary home reports (A-24) are also considered by this Committee. Assignments of territories to the branches are the responsibility of the Service Committee. (Gal. 2:9) However, each branch makes its own individual territory assignments. Difficult service-related questions and problems that come in should be referred to and will be handled by this Committee. The Service Committee supervises preparation of copy for Our Kingdom Ministry and cooperates with the Writing Committee in getting final copy approved.

    3. The Service Committee is responsible for calling in Gilead School students. This Committee is also responsible for making assignments of students to their places of postgraduate service in the field. All correspondence with missionaries regarding their service is handled by this Committee.

    4. Zone visits by members of the Governing Body, or by others who are qualified, are arranged by the Service Committee.—Acts 8:14.

    5. WRITING COMMITTEE: This Committee supervises putting the spiritual food into written and recorded form for publication and distribution to our brothers and the public in general.

    6. The publications that this Committee supervises include the Watchtower and Awake! magazines, all bound books, booklets, pamphlets, tracts, final copy for Our Kingdom Ministry, handbills, Bibles, or any revisions of these.
    It approves the scripts for dramas, radio recordings, slide and film programs, talk outlines and manuscripts.

    7. The Writing Committee supervises the translation work done throughout the earth.

    8. PUBLISHING COMMITTEE: This Committee supervises the printing, publishing and shipping of literature throughout the world. The Committee takes responsibility for the oversight of the factories and properties owned and operated by various corporations used by Jehovah's Witnesses throughout the world, as well as the financial operations of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania and other legal agencies used by Jehovah's Witnesses at the present time. It oversees legal, tax and business matters in connection with publishing the good news of the Kingdom in all parts of the earth.

    9. Jehovah's Witnesses in many lands entrust their contributions for advancing the Kingdom work to various corporations and societies organized by Jehovah's Witnesses. Branch offices compile financial reports in accord with the laws of the land and the policies of the theocratic organization. These are considered by the Publishing Committee for their information and are helpful in planning the best use of the funds available to Jehovah's Witnesses for the worldwide Kingdom work. The various legal agencies holding the funds may use this money for payment of invoices, reimbursements, as well as other necessary expenditures. Should conditions in a country change and legal agencies are no longer available to be used. other appropriate arrangements will be made according to the conditions at that time for handling financial operations.

    10. Major real estate transactions and significant construction projects that are proposed should be presented to the Governing Body before action is taken. When such projects have been approved then details will be taken care of by the corporation or corporations involved. Arrangements for the dedication of new branch facilities will be handled by the Governing Body.

    11. Requisitions for normal purchases of printing equipment, vehicles, typewriters and other equipment for publishing factories and branches worldwide are approved by the coordinator and one other member of the Publishing Committee who has been named for that service by this Committee. Proposals for major acquisitions of machinery and other expensive equipment are to be submitted to the Governing Body with this committee's recommendations for approving the purchases.

    12. Direction for the operations of all publishing factories and maintenance of properties is given by the Publishing Committee with routine matters being handled by the coordinator who should keep the Committee informed .

    13. The Publishing Committee also determines literature prices throughout the world, taking into consideration production and shipping costs, as well as inflationary trends.

    14. Questions from branch offices relative to publishing, shipping, financial, legal, tax and property matters are given to the Publishing Committee for handling.

    15. Copies of the branch inventory are reviewed by this Committee. This Committee also supervises the approval of branch orders for literature.

    16. Questions and recommendations concerning reimbursements and financial matters should be referred to this Committee.

    17. The Publishing Committee supervises the properties and the obtaining of the material needs of the Bethel homes and farms. This includes approving requisitions for purchase of unusual or expensive items for maintenance or expansion of these properties, but routine requisitions for food, linens, housekeeping and maintenance supplies, fuel, furniture, etc., may be approved by those having authorization.—See 3:8.

    18. TEACHING COMMITTEE: This Committee's responsibility is to supervise schools, assemblies and Bethel family instruction for the spiritual education of Jehovah's people. The Committee supervises outlining the material to be used in teaching and takes oversight of the various departments that are now responsible for this education.—Isa. 54:13, 14; John 6:45.

    19. The Committee is responsible to see that there is a proper arrangement and time allotment for each of the congregational meetings. This committee works in close cooperation with the Service and Writing Committees.

    20. Fields of instruction handled by this Committee include the following: 1. Watchtower Bible School of Gilead; 2. Kingdom Ministry School; 3. Theocratic Ministry School; 4. Bethel Entrants' School; 5. Program at Bethel table; 6. Bethel Family meetings; 7. International Conventions; 8. District Conventions; 9. Circuit Assemblies; 10. Special Assembly Days; 11 Radio and TV programs; 12. Pioneer Service Schools; 13. Literacy classes; 14. News Service.

    21. The Teaching Committee endeavors always to provide the necessary instruction and arrangements for building up spiritually the elders, publishers, Bethel families, newly interested persons and others, encouraging all to pay constant attention to themselves and to their teaching.—1 Tim. 4:16.

    22. Branch Committees should make their own local organisational arrangements for their circuit assemblies, special assembly days and district conventions.

    23. PERSONNEL COMMITTEE: This Committee takes oversight of the arrangements made for the personal and spiritual assistance of members of the Bethel families.—Eph. 4:3; Phil. 2:1-5; Jas. 5:14-16.

    24. The Personnel Committee oversees the selection and invitation of new members of the Bethel and Farm families around the world, and handles questions concerning their staying in Bethel service.

    25. When new members arrive at Bethel a member or representative of the Branch Committee should speak to them on the importance of looking after their spiritual needs and explain arrangements for providing spiritual assistance to them and for their discussing personal problems with any of the Bethel elders. Every help should be offered to aid new members to adjust to living at Bethel. They will be spoken to about the importance of working whole-souled and putting Kingdom interests first.

    26. All Bethel elders should be available to the members of the family who have problems and they should be observant as to any difficulties or discouragement on the part of any member, being ready to offer personal counsel and help. It should be made clear to all elders just what their responsibilities are and what they are expected to do themselves. Serious problems may be reported to the Branch Committee. Bethel elders appreciate the value of giving encouragement to fellow workers and commendation for things well done. Efforts should be continued to maintain a good attitude and wholesome spirit among all members, as well as appreciation for their service privileges and a feeling of being needed and appreciated. —Matt. 11:29, 30.

    27. It should be practical to handle most personal problems locally in the branch, but major questions and problems can be taken up with the Personnel Committee.

    28. Copies of Bethel volunteer lists should be sent in with the Annual Reports for review by the Personnel Committee.—See 16:27-30.

    29. If a member of the family desires to leave, he should submit at least a thirty-day notice in writing to the Branch Committee if at all possible. In this way arrangements can be made for someone to replace him in the work assignment.

    30. When any worker is transferred from one position to another, it would be a good thing to let him know why. Thus he will not wonder if the change is because of a failure on his part, or if there is something on which he should try to improve.

    31. CHAlRMAN'S COMMITTEE: This Committee is composed of the current chairman of the Governing Body, the previous chairman and the one next in line to be chairman. The current chairman will serve as the coordinator.

    32. The Chairman's Committee of the Governing Body should be alert to see that the Governing Body operates smoothly and efficiently and that there is no unnecessary overlapping of work of the various Committees.

    33. Reports on major emergencies, disasters or persecutions and any other urgent matters affecting Jehovah's Witnesses will come immediately to this Committee and will be taken up with the Governing Body.

    34. LEGAL CORPORATIONS: The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania is the oldest corporate agency of Jehovah's Witnesses. It works with other legal agencies such as the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., the International Bible Students Association, and many others scattered throughout the earth in order to print and ship the good news. All these agencies are subject to and work under the direction of the "faithful and discreet slave" class and its Governing Body.

    35. BRANCH COMMITTEES: Jehovah's Witnesses through their Governing Body operate branch offices located in most of the principal countries of the world. The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses approves of the recommendations for elders who will serve on the Branch Committees for such offices. The Branch Committee has the responsibility for the oversight of the preaching of the good news of Jehovah's Kingdom in the territory assigned to the branch. Within this territory it also gives the necessary supervision to the Christian congregations, missionaries, special pioneers, pioneers, and interested ones, organizing the congregations into circuits and districts and making recommendations to the Governing Body for the appointment of circuit and district overseers, Bethel family members and students for Gilead School.

    36. The Governing Body gives direction to the Branch Committees throughout the world by means of such publications as the Watchtower and Awake! magazines, Our Kingdom Ministry, publications outlining organizational arrangements, as well as various letters to all branches and to individual branches answering local problems. In addition. the booklet Dwelling Together In Unity has been provided, giving certain basic guidelines in connection with Bethel family arrangements, also the booklet, Missionary Counsel Booklet, outlining the basic arrangements for missionaries serving throughout the world under the direction of the Governing Body.

    37. In large branches. necessary recommendations for Bethel overseer factory overseer and office overseer are made by the Branch Committee to the Governing Body. Other assignments of volunteers are made by the Branch Committee. Instructors for the Kingdom Ministry School or Pioneer Service School also may be appointed by the Branch Committee.

    38. The appointment as a member of the Branch Committee or to a position of oversight in the branch organization is not for any specified period of time. On the recommendation of the Branch Committee. the Governing Body will be pleased to consider the recommendation. for adjustments, or removal, or reassignment of individuals having in mind the advancement of the Kingdom work.

    39. It may be sufficient to have three members form the Branch Committee in some branches, but in large branches where other factors are involved, such as printing operations, extensive territories or a variety of languages, it would seem advisable that the membership of such a Committee be five or more, providing an opportunity for additional elders to be familiar with the details of the work in that particular branch area. For-example, the Branch Committee might include a factory overseer in a large branch, someone from the Service Department, someone having to do with the Bethel home, someone handling the finances, missionaries, etc. It is also desirable for one or more members of the Branch Committee to be citizens
    of the country where the branch is located. Nevertheless, in all cases, spiritual qualifications should be viewed as of greatest importance.

    40. BRANCH COMMITTEE COORDINATOR: Each Branch Committee has a coordinator appointed by the Governing Body. He is responsible for coordinating the daily routine of work and for handling such matters as the Branch Committee may delegate him to care for. He is responsible to send reports and information to the Governing Body and also to keep the local Branch Committee informed of all communications received from the Governing Body, as well as of any details pertaining to local corporations, property, equipment, production, legal questions and the overall state of the Kingdom work. He should keep a brief record of each Branch Committee meeting showing the date of the meeting, the persons present and major points considered.

    41. CHAIRMAN: Each Branch Committee has a chairman who will serve as such in the rotation arrangement for a period of one year with the rotation taking place January 1 each year. When the coordinator rotates into the chairmanship, he can call upon another member of the Committee to assist him in certain Committee matters as he finds it necessary. The chairman is, to keep order and see that Committee decisions are carried out. He should notify all members as to time of meetings.

    42. If some individuals become unable to accept all assignments in connection with the Branch Committee and its rotation, they may still be retained as members of the Committee, and in this case the Committee may wish to recommend an additional person to help out with some of the supervisory work done by the Branch Committee. Nevertheless, the older and experienced members will be available to give information and provide counsel, which can be very valuable. In line with the above it is not necessary for every individual to take the chairmanship in rotation if one does not feel that he is in a position to serve effectively.

    43. BRANCH COMMITTEE RESPONSIBILITIES: I he Committee has the general oversight of the work in the field as well as the work in the branch. It should make decisions on what much be done and assign responsibility for carrying out decisions to one of its members who should follow through, expedite the work and report to the Committee upon completing the assignment. The Branch Committee has the liberty to call in for consultation other elders and individuals who are able to supply the vital statistics or facts that will help the Committee in reaching conclusions.

    44. The Branch Committees are to serve as representatives of the Governing Body in the territory to which they are assigned following the Scriptural direction and lead given by the Governing Body. Branch Committees are authorized to appoint congregational overseers and ministerial servants, to establish congregations of Jehovah's Witnesses and to appoint and assign regular and special pioneers.

    45. It is not required that the entire Branch Committee must in every case approve appointments of congregational elders and ministerial servants. We recommend that the Branch Committee be practical in handling such matters, especially if. certain ones are located some distance from the branch office. The Branch Committee can decide just how to handle such matters and who or how many of the Committee should approve of the recommendations. It seems reasonable to have only two or three members responsible for making appointments in many places; however if there are any questions or special problems, they can be saved for consideration by the whole Branch Committee. But for ordinary and routine appointments, we do not feel that the whole Committee necessarily has to sit and approve each one. In large branches they may wish to use certain elders in the office to assist them in making appointments. The Committee should come to an agreement as to how they want to handle this. This also applies to deletions unless death or disfellowshipment are involved.

    46. The Branch Committee is responsible to keep the Governing Body informed on the process of the Kingdom work in the territory assigned to the branch. All the members of the Committee should share in taking the oversight of the work. Each should have his regular assignment of service at the branch or in the field according to his circumstances.

    47. Brothers given any position of oversight should appreciate that their appointment comes from Jehovah by holy spirit through his visible organization and that they were put in the position of oversight to shepherd the congregation of God. The congregation does not belong to them; it is God's congregation and they are responsible to Jehovah, the "chief shepherd."—Acts 20:28. -: 1 Pet. 5:1-5.

    48. Those who are appointed to oversight should show humility and pray that they may manifest the fruitage of the spirit. (Gal. 5:22, 23) They should have a disposition that will help them get along with all people, serving their brothers humbly (John 13:14, 15) These qualities should be developed further with the help of God's holy spirit, as overseers show loving kindness towards all those they shepherd in the congregation of God, as well as those outside the congregation, the "strangers."—Isa. 61:5.

    49. All branch volunteers should work closely with a congregation, attending meetings regularly and sharing in the service for their own spirituality as their health and circumstances permit. The fact that one is on the Branch Committee does not mean that he must be given special deference in the congregation, but he should take his part in the congregational arrangement as anyone else would do.

    50. Overseers should set an example when it comes to the work, not taking time for personal matters or giving all of the responsibility to others. They should be willing to work with their brothers at any task. They should be interested in preaching and teaching and in the organization. On the other hand, they should not think that they must do all of the work, but they should let other people help and be trained to take on responsibility. If an overseer in a branch organization is going to give instructions and directions to others, he certainly should be a person who can take instruction. He should be anxious to know what the Scriptures require of him and what the Governing Body has directed. By being able to organize his own daily routine of work, he shows that he can be of assistance in organizing the activity of God's people throughout the territory. We appreciate that members of the Branch Committee especially are given great responsibilities. Therefore, these privileges of service must be taken seriously because the lives of many people are involved as we endeavor to see that Jehovah's will is carried out.—Luke 12:48.

    51. The Branch Committee has the responsibility to keep the organization clean and in harmony with Jehovah's Word. They themselves must live up to the Scriptural requirements for elders and see that others who have oversight also measure up to such requirements. They must be courageous in seeing to it that all unrepentant immoral persons and evildoers are removed from the congregation of God as well as seeing to it that only persons who qualify, that show their fitness, are permitted to continue on as members of the Bethel family. Any who are disfellowshipped should have their names announced to the family and be dismissed. If some show that they are lazy, stubborn, or unchristian in their actions they may be dismissed as Bethel family members on the recommendation of the Branch Committee. Questionable cases may be referred to the Personnel Committee with a recommendation and explanation.

    52. The branch committee coordinator as well as the other members of the Branch Committee should be careful never to deal harshly or unkindly with other servants in God's congregation but always to hear both sides of the question and use the spirit of a sound mind and be mild tempered. (Matt. 20:25-27) They should always be careful to keep confidential those matters told them in confidence, and not to talk to their wives or others about individuals' problems or confidential matters in the organization.

    53. Building up the respect of the brothers for Jehovah's visible organization is necessary. Christians should always feel free and welcome to come to the branch office or to anyone in the branch office with their problems. The branch committee coordinator and other specially appointed representatives of Jehovah's organization within the Bethel home should be willing to handle problems, treat them confidentially, show kindness, patience, self-control, and above all, the quality of love. (1 Tim. 5:1, 2) If they do these things, the brothers will have respect for them and for the branch organization.

    54. The Branch Committee members should always manifest mildness and respect for one another and for the opinions of others on the Committee as well as in the Bethel family. They should show due respect for the principles and policies set down by the Governing Body which are supported by God's Word, remembering that the "discreet slave" has been appointed by the Master to give the domestics their food at the proper time."

    55. Branch representatives should be sure not to be hasty in giving counsel. If one is not sure of the counsel that God's Word gives, it is best to speak to others about the matter and do research before giving an answer. If a branch representative takes hasty action and later changes his mind as to the course he first advised, the brothers will soon lose confidence in his soundness of judgement. His counsel should always be in harmony with God's Word and he should use the spirit of a sound mind. It is Jehovah's Word that should be the basis for all decisions.

    56. The handling of the branch office and its correspondence may vary in different branches due to the size of the organization and number of congregations, pioneers, special pioneers, missionaries and other representatives of the Society serving in the field.

    57. Some branches have a large staff with many assistants in the branch and discretion should be shown as to what work the branch committee coordinator will do in harmony with the direction of the Branch Committee. On the other hand, where the branch is small, the branch committee coordinator should be able to handle any office work assigned to him by the Branch Committee without difficulty and without asking others to assist. In fact he may only have to work a few days a week in the branch office. The rest of the time he can then spend in the house-to-house witnessing in an assigned territory trying to build up the local congregation.

    58. In small branches it ma- be the branch committee coordinator can also be assigned to serve as district overseer at times if this does not require him to be away from the branch very long. Or it may be that he can share in the circuit work for a week or two out of the month to keep him in association and in close touch with the congregations. If this is the case another brother should be appointed as the district overseer for circuit assemblies.

    59. The Branch Committee arranges for circuit overseers to visit the congregations of Jehovah's Witnesses at regular intervals and may make adjustments in the appointment to oversight of elders and ministerial servants. If it is found that any such no longer qualify Scripturally, the Committee may appoint other persons to act in such place as the holy spirit may direct.

    60. The Branch Committee has authorization to appoint special pioneers to the number approved for that territory by the Service Committee, in consultation with the Publishing Committee. They can appoint as regular pioneers as many persons as meet the qualifications for such service and who are so recommended by the congregational service committee. The Branch Committee will assign territory to congregations, pioneers, special pioneers, missionaries and isolated publishers and should receive regular reports from all preachers of the good news in their respective assignments.

    61. The Branch Committee has the responsibility of looking after the Society's properties, receipts and expenditures, paying authorized bills, handling legal matters, and appearing in court when necessary. The Branch Committee should arrange to keep such books and records as the Governing Body and the government of the land require. All books of record should be kept in good order and up to date for review by the zone overseer on his periodic visits.

    62. All members of the Branch Committee should set a good example spiritually and morally for the brothers, preaching the good news of the Kingdom publicly as opportunity affords and circumstances permit. As with all elders, the members of the Branch Committee have the opportunity of setting a fine example in giving public talks.

    63. The Branch Committee has the special responsibility of caring for the welfare of all of God's people in the territory assigned and of keeping the Governing Body informed as to the progress of the work, as to any problems or difficulties encountered, and of making suggestions as to how to overcome them and advance the work in harmony with God's Word. The branch office will keep in regular communication with all of the congregations and pioneers, special pioneers, missionaries, circuit and district overseers and other assigned representatives in the field. At all times their concern must be for Christ's brothers and his other sheep and for the vindication of Jehovah's sovereignty.—1 Tim. 3:1-7; Titus 1:5-9; Phil. 2: 1-4, 19-21.

    64. RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE GOVERNING BODY: When recommendations are sent to the Governing Body for elders to serve on the Branch Committee or in the circuit or district work or as Bethel elders, it will be appreciated it the letter is always sent in duplicate so one copy can be returned to the branch with approval shown thereon. It will be convenient in handling the records if personal information is put in column style when making the recommendations. It will be appropriate for all of the Committee making the recommendations to sign the list if possible, or for the one signing to indicate that all members of the Branch Committee have agreed to the recommendations being made if that is the case.

    65. Please inform us when any elder appointed by the Governing Body terminates his eldership for any reason or is transferred from one branch of service to another, or from Bethel to circuit or district work, so we can keep an accurate and up-to-date list.

    66. BRANCH MEETINGS AND COMMUNICATIONS: The Branch Committee decides when to hold its regular meetings, according to the needs of the work. The Committee should not postpone giving attention to its responsibilities or delay in providing the brothers with such information as may be needed in order to expedite their work. It is suggested that in large branches there can be a weekly meeting of the Branch Committee, but special meetings may be held when problems arise. In small branches meetings can be held less frequently, according to what may be practical, and also depending on the location of the members of the Branch Committee. For obvious reasons it is good if all members of the Branch Committee can live close enough to the branch to be generally available for such meetings. Minutes should be kept of all Branch Committee meetings .

    67. The Committee should always be available for the needs of the work. If some member is indisposed or absent, the Committee can still function if there is a majority of the members present.

    68. Committee decisions should be unanimous. If there is a difference of opinion and no unanimous agreement, then the matter can be referred to the Governing Body for decision. Furthermore, if the Committee judge that a matter is of great importance, they should not decide it themselves, but send it to the Governing Body with any observations or recommendations they may have. It is left to the Branch Committees to give any details they believe pertinent to the subject when they report such cases to the Governing Body for consideration. If you wish to show the number voting for and the number voting against a certain issue you may do so. Certainly it would be necessary to have both sides of the question presented to the Governing Body. We would like to know why some individuals are for and why some individuals are against. If the chairman of the Branch Committee wishes to ask individuals of both sides to write their opinions he can do that. Then the chairman can send them all to Brooklyn. Or the Committee itself can prepare the full report and send it on so that the Governing Body will be able to hear the matter first and then make its decision.

    69. In view of the times in which we live and the possibility that great difficulties may arise in some countries, if not all, provisions should be made to try to keep the Kingdom work going, and especially to look after the flock of God no matter what circumstances or difficulties may arise. If a country should become isolated by war or other adverse conditions and it is impossible, at least for a time, to have any communications with the Governing Body, the Branch Committee will carry on in looking after the congregations and those who are dedicated servants of Jehovah God. Especially in a time of trouble it is important for the sheep in a flock to have spiritual food and guidance. Encouragement should be given to them to have regular meetings and continue worshipping Jehovah God. If conditions allow, publications will be provided. If new publications are not available, counsel can be given to review past publications and to study the Bible itself, not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together even though it may be in small groups.—Heb. 10:24, 25.

    70. If conditions develop to the point where any members of the Branch Committee are taken away, those who remain should consider the qualifications of other proven elders who have years of experience in the work, and if there is a possibility of communication, make the recommendation of these to take the places of those who are not able to serve. If communications with the Governing Body are not possible, then the replacement elders can be asked to serve temporarily, and they can be made familiar with the functions of the branch organization and share in the shepherding of the flock. Every effort should be made to have Committee meetings from time to time, depending on the conditions. If any individual member of the Branch Committee should find himself under surveillance and it is not advisable for him to try to meet with other members of the Committee he may be able to send word to them concerning his position. In that event, another elder may be asked to step in temporarily to share in the activities of the Committee. If conditions develop to the point where it is impossible to hold meetings because of a scattering of the Committee, then each individual should continue to do what he can to shepherd the flock, having in mind what Jesus said at John 10:11-15, and always remembering to seek the guidance of Jehovah God through prayer.

    71. Every effort should be made to communicate with the Governing Body if conditions will allow, and if it will not jeopardize the interests of the work. I he Branch Committee in each land will know what the circumstances are and will seek the guidance of Jehovah and make a decision as to what is the best course of action at the moment. The Governing Body does desire to receive the reports and news concerning the Christians scattered throughout the world, but since future difficult conditions may develop, these provisions are set forth in connection with the functioning of the Branch Committees.

    72. It will be practical if communications sent to the Governing Body can always be in English. Circumstances in some lands may prevent this. If one who knows English is taken away, the Governing Body will be pleased to receive communications in any language. However, communications in English may be answered more quickly than those received in other languages.

    73. In order to expedite the handling of mail and to give good service to the organization throughout the world, the branch offices should write separate letters on subjects for attention by the respective Committees. For example, if the letter is for the attention of the Publishing Committee, please indicate this in the heading of the letter. In this way, when the branch mail is opened it can be distributed quickly, decisions made and answers given. If the letter is of a general nature, however, or contains several small points to be considered by different Committees, then it may simply be marked for attention by the Governing Body.

    74. Envelopes from the branches may be addressed to the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania, Attention: Governing Body, 25 Columbia Heights, Brooklyn, New York 11201, USA. Note the exception in Chapter 13, paragraph 8.

    75. EMERGENCIES: From time to time emergency situations arise throughout the world. Sometimes there are violent, damaging storms, floods or strong earthquakes. At other times brothers may be forced to flee from their homes because of war conditions or mob violence. When these problems occur it is proper for the branch offices to communicate with the headquarters in Brooklyn and explain what is happening and make a recommendation as to what might be done. When these reports come in, the Brooklyn headquarters would appreciate it very much if you would be able to state what the local brother, are able to do and what materials or facilities you have available to take care of the immediate needs of the brothers who have been affected by such disasters. However, at times it may not be possible for the branch to communicate quickly with headquarters, or there may be a need to do something immediately for some of the brothers who have been affected by the disaster. Therefore all of the branches will be allowed in these circumstances to spend up to $5,000 immediately for temporary relief and assistance to the brothers who are involved in major disasters. When this occurs the information will be included in the communication that is sent to Brooklyn. It is necessary to report how money is used in connection with the disasters and relief efforts because we are keeping a relief account in Brooklyn, and it is our wish to make appropriate charges on the relief account just as we do if we send funds to a branch to take care of a disaster situation.

    76. It is hoped Branch Organization will be most helpful to all Branch Committees. The portions which apply to other volunteers should be made available to them so they will know how to properly discharge their assignments of service. It would be good for each member of the Branch Committee to read this publication through from time to time so that he is acquainted with branch procedure and policy. All within Jehovah's organization have to look to him and ask for the guidance of his spirit on their overseership to have his favour and blessing on their activities. They should recognize the instructions as they come through the Governing Body to all divisions o, the organization. The Branch Committee should be foremost in recognizing theocratic instructions, studying them and applying them. If all on the Branch Committee, as well as others given assignments of service in the Bethel home, study this material, or the part that applies to their assignment. then it will be possible for all to work in unity and cooperation worldwide in the discharge of their duties. Branch Committee members especially should be well acquainted with the details in this manual so that they can help others within the branch organization to accomplish their work.

    77. For the most part the things set out herein can be followed in all parts of the world. However, in lands where there are difficulties due to persecution or ban, then the Branch Committee may find it necessary to modify certain procedures or practices after consulting with the Governing Body.

    Chapter 9

    Legal Problems

    1. In view of Jesus prophetic words, You will be objects of hatred by all the nations on account of my name," we can expect to encounter legal problems in connection with the preaching of the good news. (Matt. 24:9) However, we also have a responsibility to direct our efforts "in the defending and legally establishing of the good news."—Phil. 1:7.

    2. Consequently, when legal problems arise in your country you should keep the Governing Body fully informed. It is best to write a separate letter about such matters. 'ending a duplicate copy Be sure to state the facts clearly. Let us know what the complaint or charges against the brothers may be and give us a copy of the law that they are charged to be in violation of, translated into English.

    3. It may be advisable to consult a local lawyer, and if so, you can let us know what his opinion is and what he has recommended. If you think you should hire a lawyer to defend the case or to protect the Society's interests, then inquire from him what the costs involved will be, at least giving us an estimate of such expenses together with your recommendation. If he says it is very doubtful that the case will be won, then we may prefer to let the matter take its course without paying legal fees that would be to no avail in certain countries.

    4. Often it is noted that a threat against the work is preceded by newspaper propaganda against Jehovah's Witnesses or official statements or pronouncement by government officials of a derogatory nature. If you think a ban is impending, it may be appropriate to take steps to inform responsible officials of our true position or seek an interview with key officials who would be involved in deciding such a matter, so that they know both sides o. me issue and not just the side of our opposers.

    5. In informing the Governing Body of problems that arise, be sure to give the details in an accurate and factual way. Do not give hearsay or rumours. Explain what led up to the problem, what the brothers were doing, what the charges were, and any pertinent facts. It may be helpful if you state the normal court procedure and what relief may be possible if the matter is taken to court. Say who your lawyer is and what he says his defence will be. Be definite in your recommendation as to what you think should be done How do you look at it from there and what would you suggest under the circumstances?

    6. In some cases it may be possible to bring a civil action against certain officials such as an injunction case to stop them from interfering with the work if their actions have no basis in law. Do not assume that we know the situation in your country just because you have written in the past about similar matters. It is difficult to keep up with the legal changes that are taking place throughout the world. You should always ask for any court action to be delayed and try to get an adjournment to allow ample time for a complete report to be received at Brooklyn and for you to receive instructions from the Brooklyn headquarters. Ask for two months, if possible.

    7. If an adverse decision is rendered, make an immediate report to the Society in duplicate and specify the time limit on taking an appeal. State the opinion of your lawyer on the advisability of making an appeal to a higher court and his reasons for the appeal as well as usual costs.

    8. If you do not need legal advice from Brooklyn, then simply give the Governing Body a report of what is happening for its files.

    9. If you think that actions taken against the work should be publicized, you can always make that recommendation and give us a write-up of what you would like to see printed, making sure that all of the facts therein are fully substantiated.

    10. LAWSUITS; INJUNCTIONS: We do not usually file a lawsuit for an injunction, damages, or libel. If you recommend exceptions to this you must have prior approval from the Governing Body. Our policy is not to institute libel cases in court. Generally speaking, it is a waste of time and money and it only tends to advertise the false charges made against the work. Usually the one benefiting most in a libel suit is the lawyer because he gets his fee, win or lose.

    11. PRINTED MATTER AGAINST THE SOCIETY: If some organization or individual puts out printed matter speaking evilly against Jehovah's Witnesses, even if it has libellous charges in it, as a general policy we do not retaliate or publish details about it in magazines, booklets or handbills to answer such charges. Our basic policy is to ignore these attacks and let them die rather than give them greater publicity. We prefer to concentrate on the positive activity of announcing the good news of Jehovah's Kingdom.

    12. KEEP PROCLAIMING THE GOOD NEWS: It is the desire of Jehovah's Witnesses throughout the whole world to keep bearing witness about God's Kingdom. In some countries every effort will be made by opposers to stop the work, but we have a responsibility to continue preaching the good news from God's Word. When advisable we do it in a quiet manner. If our literature is outlawed, then we can talk about the truth using the Bible alone. If the Bible is outlawed, then we will have to speak from our own knowledge of the Scriptures. It is very important, therefore, that dedicated servants of Jehovah be thoroughly acquainted with the Word of God so that they can continue to preach no matter what the circumstances might be right up to the end of the system of things, if that be Jehovah's will.

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    13. PERSONAL DECISIONS: Often individuals in the congregations may ask the Society's opinion on matters that actually require personal decisions. They may ask what to do under certain circumstances involving neutrality, marriage, divorce, employment, etc. If the person does not know what to do from his own knowledge of the Bible, then it is wiser not to take the responsibility from him by telling him what to do. A person's conscience must be trained and we are not in a position to dictate to another person's conscience. Let the Bible do the talking and let each one prove to himself what he wants to do and what his faith is.—Gal. 6:4, 5.

    14. POWER OF ATTORNEY: The Society does not furnish every branch committee coordinator with a power of attorney. This is only done where it is actually necessary. A power of attorney is a legal document authorizing an individual to act as a legal agent or representative of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society or associate corporation in a foreign country in legal matters, in business dealings, and in congregational or ecclesiastical matters. Powers of attorney are issued only in cases where they are required to conduct the Society's business or where it is necessary to register the Society or to obtain a legal recognition in a foreign country.

    15. The law in some countries requires that anyone holding a power of attorney must register with the government immediately. If that is the case it should be done. We do not want to incur fines for not complying with the registration laws when a power of attorney is issued. So it is a good thing for branch committee coordinators to check on legal requirements as to handling a power of attorney including any limitations on length of validity.

    16. Additionally there may be other laws in your country that must be complied with when d person does business for a corporation whether organized locally or in another country. If you are not sure that you are operating legally, you can consult a lawyer and find out what the requirements are. In many countries it is not necessary to register or to have a power of attorney unless the Society purchases property in the name of the Pennsylvania corporation. However, the branch committee coordinator should be alert at all times to comply with government regulations to avoid fines or penalties, and we should always comply with the local laws of the land relating to registration, taxes, financial reports required by the government and similar matters.

    17. In times of emergency or war Branch Committee members should familiarize themselves with all decrees affecting every feature of the work and the operation of the Society. It is the responsibility of each Branch Committee to watch carefully so that the work will be protected and the brothers are given whatever direction is necessary. Be alert as to what is going on in your country and keep the Governing Body informed. You should know the laws of the territory that you have jurisdiction over, especially as they pertain to the evangelizing work of Jehovah's Witnesses and the business of the Society in your country.

    18. REGISTRATION: In many countries registration is not required due to the religious and educational nature of our work. In other places there is an advantage to register the work with the government as it facilitates bringing in missionaries, arranging for assemblies, importing literature, obtaining tax benefits on property as a religious organization, etc. This is something that can be checked into locally to see what is required and also what the benefits or possible disadvantages might be. If you feel the work should be registered in your country and it has not been, then you may write the pertinent details and your recommendation to the Publishing Committee.

    Chapter 15

    Monthly Reports and Correspondence to the Governing Body

    1. Every month each branch committee coordinator will send certain reports to the Governing Body. They should be mailed no later than the 20th of each month and preferably sooner if the mail service in your country permits you to receive field reports in time to finalize them at an earlier date.

    2. Each branch office should have a pending file for things to be mailed to Brooklyn each week that are not particularly urgent. The same is true concerning other branches that you mail things to such as magazine charge slips, return visit slips and subscription renewal slips. Then any material for the branch or for the Governing Body including mail, interbranch memos, and so on, can be dropped into the pending file for mailing on a set day each week.

    3. If airmail service out of your country is limited and governed by certain flights, then you may do well to keep a schedule in your office of airmail closing times so your letter will be on the plane leaving the country for Brooklyn or the printing branch to which you may send subscriptions.

    4. Branches should make a practice of sending a numbered covering letter with the reports for each month and for the year. This letter should itemize enclosures and be numbered so we can tell if we get all of the correspondence from your office.

    5. The letters from the Brooklyn office of the Society to the branches are also numbered so that the branch can see that all of them are received. At the start of each service year it is good for branches to begin numbering letters to the Governing Body with No. 101 and the office at Brooklyn v. ill do the same with correspondence sent to the branches. Each branch will keep two cards on file with a series of numbers starting with 101. One will be marked "Dispatched," and the other "Received." When you send a letter to the Governing Body, check off the first unused number and put this same number on your letter on the upper right-hand corner. On your received cards check off the numbers that appear on the letters received from Brooklyn. If you find a received number has not been checked off after a reasonable period of time, then first check your letter file to see if you did receive the letter with the number but forgot to mark it off. Sometimes branches overlook the fact that some printed form letters are also numbered. However, if you do not find a letter with that number on it, then write to Brooklyn for a duplicate copy, giving the number of the missing letter. The office at Brooklyn will do the same to all branches if letters are not received.

    6. letters dealing with shipping, translated copy, subscriptions and other matters that do not necessarily pertain to the Governing Body even though sent to the Brooklyn address need not be included in the numbering system. However, such unnumbered letters should be sent in duplicate so that a copy may be retained by the office handling incoming branch correspondence to keep the records complete. Letters should be sent addressed to the Governing Body, usually for the attention of one of its committees, unless otherwise indicated.

    7. No branch correspondence should be sent to the Governing Body or another branch unless it has been seen by the branch committee coordinator or his substitute (when he is absent) so that he will know the details on outgoing correspondence. Of course private correspondence from any individual does not go through the coordinator.

    8. Cablegrams need not be numbered, but it is good to send a follow-up numbered letter to make sure the information is received in due time. It is preferred that branches plan ahead and handle matters by correspondence, but we appreciate that this is not always possible.

    9. Interbranch memos should not be numbered except for memos accompanying subscriptions. They may be used for small notes or items that are of lesser importance. If the branch wants to be sure that certain material is received they can ask that the duplicate copy be returned to the branch, just as we do with interbranch memos for subscriptions. Branches sometimes follow this system in making sure remittances sent to other branches are received. These can either be conveyed by numbered letter or by interbranch memo in duplicate, because the branch sending the funds wants to be sure to have some check that the funds are actually received. And of course, the branches receiving funds should watch this very closely also as sometimes remittances are delayed for quite some time.

    10. We do appreciate it when the Branch Committees keep us informed of any matters of general interest pertaining to their field so that the Governing Body is kept up to date on trends, whether it reflects outstanding field activity or a weakness in the field. Just a few lines or a paragraph from time to time in a covering letter with the monthly branch reports helps us keep in touch with the field and any new developments in your territory.

    11. Letters need not be long, but all of the facts should be stated. When you write about problems or present questions dealing with individuals, be sure to be specific and let us know whom you are writing about. The important thing in correspondence is to be specific, to the point, stating the facts clearly, and yet briefly.

    12. We are not interested in lengthy letters with unnecessary details or many experiences. However, if you do have outstanding experiences from time to time, they can be written on a separate sheet and sent to the Writing Committee.

    13. There is no need to go to great lengths analyzing your field reports or expenditures in letters. Sometimes a few lines on something outstanding helps us get the picture here.

    14. Branches should always feel free to ask any questions pertaining to the work in their country when they write to the Governing Body. It is noted that oftentimes small details are presented to the zone overseer when he visits that might easily have been handled by correspondence. We want to be as helpful as possible to the branches, so feel free to submit your inquiries in correspondence. We want to assist the branches in serving their territory and in handling matters properly.

    15. Rather than referring to previous letters in your correspondence, which means going back and checking our files here, it is very helpful if the points you have in mind can be summarized in a few lines unless, of course, the matter is quite detailed and would require extensive retyping. There is no need to ask a committee in Brooklyn or the Governing Body to read letters already handled unless it really bears on the current correspondence. We do have the former correspondence if it is needed.

    16. For items to be purchased locally, please submit a requisition to the Publishing Committee if the cost will be S500 or over. Also explain just what you want, why you feel it is needed and the price. If it is something for Brooklyn or another branch to purchase, then you should send in a Branch Order (AB-3) and again give us these details along with complete shipping instructions.

    17. Correspondence between branches may be signed by the branch committee coordinator. Correspondence to the Governing Body should also be signed by the branch committee coordinator on behalf of the Branch Committee, who should always have access to such mail. Weighty correspondence and recommendations for circuit and district overseers and Branch Committee members should be signed by all on the committee unless some are away. A copy of all correspondence between branches should be sent to Brooklyn. All correspondence with the congregations, circuit and district overseers, and the brothers in the country will customarily be signed by the Society's signature stamp. However, official mail to government offices may require the signature of the branch committee coordinator. No routine mail to the brothers within the territory you serve should be signed by an individual. Memos between desks in the office should be signed by the writer, not with a desk symbol.

    18. Every effort should be made by the brothers at the branch, including the branch committee coordinator, to maintain a fine standard of neatness, grammar, spelling, and punctuation in all correspondence.

    19. If the language of the country is not the native language of the branch committee coordinator, he may ask that someone else who is qualified put the correspondence in final form, so that it is properly written. If letters are not neat and well typed, it is good to type them over. No letters should be sent out with words crossed out or that have a messy appearance. Sending out neat, well-written letters encourages the congregations to follow the same example in their correspondence to the office. This promotes good respect for the office in the eyes of our brothers. All letters should be proofread before mailing. Replace worn typewriter ribbons and carbon paper.

    20. Letterheads as well as envelopes may be ordered for local use if a high import duty is not charged. If the importation of stationery is too expensive you may find that you can get envelopes and use a rubber stamp for the return address in the smaller branches. We do not want to spend a lot of money to print letterheads locally, but we are usually in a position to supply what the branches need in this regard if an order is submitted. There does not seem to be any need to order interbranch memos, as plain paper can serve this purpose.

    21. MONTHLY FIELD SERVICE REPORT (S-81): This report should be carefully checked for accuracy before being mailed in. The figures for the monthly field service report as well as for Our Kingdom Ministry are taken from the compilation of the congregation report cards (S-1), special pioneer reports (S-212), missionary home reports (A-24), and circuit and district overseers' reports (S-301). The isolated publisher report (S-AB-6) has been discontinued as all publishers are encouraged to report through a congregation if feasible. Isolated publishers and isolated pioneers can send in reports on the publisher's Field Service Report (S-4), marking it to show it as from an "isolated publisher" or "isolated pioneer."

    22. The figure for the "Public by Mail" column on the Monthly Field Service Report (S-81) you will get from your correspondence clerk. When small literature orders from strangers are made out, the clerk should keep a record month by month of books, booklets, new subscriptions, and magazines sent out in this manner, when it appears that the correspondence comes from strangers. Of course if it is clear that the order is from a brother or sister, no such notation would be made because the publisher will report through the congregation. All advertisement coupons that are sent in would usually be listed as public by mail. Once a month the correspondence clerk will turn over to the one compiling the Monthly Field Service Report these totals of literature orders sent out to the public.

    23. Special pioneers or missionaries who report less than 100 hours a month may be counted as regular pioneers, or as publishers if their time in service is less than 50 hours. This includes missionaries on leave. It is found that in the United States the number who are not counted as special pioneers in any one month is about the same as the number on the infirm list. In other countries where some special pioneers may be involved in translation work or missionaries may be taking much leave of absence or vacation time, their reports may be handled in the same way, as far as their field service is concerned. Auxiliary and regular pioneers would all be counted as pioneers if reported as such even if their hours are low.

    24. In reporting the number baptized you should report only those baptized within the country, not those baptized in some other country. Thus if any persons from one country go to another country to a convention and are baptized there, that country reports the baptism total. The country from which they came will not make a separate report as we do not want a duplication of figures. So each country will report its total baptisms within the country regardless of where the candidates came from. The figures shown for missionaries, special pioneers, congregations, etc., should be the total currently enrolled, not the number reporting.

    25. Under "Remarks" we appreciate your comments about new peaks in publishers or other highlights of the work or trends in the field. Any remarks that would help us get a better picture of the field or that would be of interest are appreciated. Many branches show convention attendances and the number baptized. Memorial attendance figures and the number of partakers are to be shown for the current and previous years. You should never ask questions under "Remarks" as these should be written separately in a letter. Your Monthly Field Service Report (S-81) is a record of what took place in the field in your country during the month.

    26. A separate field report should be submitted for each country under the direction of your branch. There is no need to hold up the reports waiting for the last few reports as these can be included in the report for the following month.

    27. The Monthly Field Service Report will probably be the last report that you are able to prepare for mailing. It is helpful if all of the reports for the month are sent in together, not later than the 20th of the following month.

    28. In some countries where the mail service is very bad, there may be many late reports from congregations for a month. These are added into the next month's report, so that we get a true picture of the work done in the country for the year. Be sure any peak shown does not include reports in excess of the total number of congregations for that month.

    29. POSTING: The special pioneer, missionary, and circuit and district overseer reports are posted on the individual's permanent record card (S-216), unless your reports are tabulated and recorded by computer.

    30. The congregation cards (S-1 ) are not posted. They are kept for a month or two and then thrown out, but first the branch will want to be sure that they have received a report from each congregation. Reports S-212 and S-301, the same as missionary home reports, are kept for seven years after posting since they show money requests.

    31. BRANCH MONTHLY REPORT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS (A-13): On this form you report all money actually received or spent during the month.

    32. It is very important that financial report figures be accurate so these should be checked and proofread for accuracy. If you copy the figures off of a work sheet, then you should double-check your typewritten report to be sure it is correct and that everything adds up properly before you mail the form.

    33. Always be sure that the same figures as shown under No. 71 on the previous month's report are listed for No. 1 on the next month s report, both in local currency and the dollar equivalent.

    34. If there is considerable variance between the official exchange rate and the free rate, show the equivalent of a U.S. dollar in local currency at the legal rate. After it in parentheses show the free rate. If you feel that the free rate is more accurate than the official rate in representing the true value of the dollar, then you may consult the Publishing Committee about computing your figures on that basis. Otherwise, always use the official rate.

    35. If the rate of exchange fluctuates frequently do not change the rate of exchange on your form unless it has moved up or down 5% from your previous figure. If the change is that much, then you should show a new official rate and make adjustments on your report. In filling out the form you do not have to worry about minor fluctuations during the month, but just use the rate that you have at the end of the month for figuring the entire report. However, if you decide it is appropriate to show a change in the value of the dollar, then it will affect the figures in your dollar column on form A-13. You should figure the difference at the old and new rates for the local currency figure for No. 1 and if it is a dollar gain you may show a receipt in the dollar column alongside No. 9A and add that into the dollar figure for No. 10. If the exchange value results in a dollar loss, you should show an adjusting expense in the dollar column for No. 69A and add that figure into the dollar equivalent you have for No. 70. However, the figures for No. 1 remain the same as for No. 71 of the previous month.

    36. Fractions that are arrived at in figuring the exchange rate should be adjusted within the report by altering the dollar figure .01 either way so that the totals balance out correctly. To prove your report, Nos. 1 and 16 should add up to the total of No. 17 and the totals of Nos. 70 and 71 should be equal to the total of No. 17 in both local currency and the dollar column. For accuracy be sure that the conversion for No. 71 is as close as possible. A half-cent or more may be figured to the next cent. For No. 72 you should show the figure of actual cash on hand and in the bank, excluding such things as missionary home receipts, petty cash funds, circuit overseer banks, and funds not available because of being in fixed savings account, bonds and so forth.
    37. Each month you should check to make sure that your cash on hand and in the bank as shown under No. 71 agrees with the figures given in your report. Whatever appears on your branch Monthly Report of Receipts and Disbursements (A-13), you should be able to prove by your branch cash journal, your checkbook stubs and your cash box. The figures that you put on your branch .Monthly Report of Receipts and Disbursements must be obtained from your branch cash journal and this journal should always balance. You should check your books every month to be sure the figures agree with your cash on hand and in the bank. Your own books are kept in your own currency so they should be simple to audit. (Note Daily Receipts and Accounts, 6:10.) When a zone overseer visits your office you should be able to prove everything in the way of entries for receipts and disbursements and balance your accounts with cash on hand and that in the bank and have proof of all expenditures in the form of vouchers or receipts for payment. It would be appropriate for someone appointed by the Branch Committee to regularly audit the branch accounts every six months, submitting 2 copy of the report to the Branch Committee. The same procedure should be followed for auditing receipts and expenses for any large construction project. The auditor should be someone other than the one regularly keeping the accounts.

    38. It is helpful to us at headquarters if you figure the dollar equivalent at the rate shown at the top of the A-13 form, dividing this into the local currency figure to arrive at the dollar equivalent rather than using some chart that may be a few cents more accurate because the division has been carried out several more places. This really is not necessary, and it is simpler if you use the figure shown on the form.

    39. The entry for "Uncashed checks" has reference to remittances received from other branches which have not yet been entered into your account, and not to local remittances for literature, etc.

    40. The last section on the A-13 form has to do with the standing of accounts at the end of a four-month period. Please fill it in on the months requested. This information you can get from your accounts with congregations, pioneers, circuits and other financial records. Under the heading "A. Society Accounts Receivable" show the value of magazine and literature accounts only. Kingdom Hall and other loan accounts should not be included but are shown as assets on the annual balance sheet. Entries for "B," "C," and "D" are explained on the form.

    41. HOME REPORT: One copy of a Home Report (A-24) is sent to the branch office each month for each missionary home. They should be checked very carefully for accuracy and then be retained in the branch files. If the branch committee coordinator wishes to make any comments to the home servant regarding the need for further explanation of large expenses or other questions he may have, then he should write to the home servant about such questions.

    42. The home servant or the branch committee coordinator should mark at the bottom of the Home Report any vacation and leave-of-absence dates pertaining to the missionaries, showing the date of departure and also the date of return for regular vacation time with separate dates for leave-of-absence time. In this way the branch can keep its records straight and we also know what the missionaries are doing and when they are in their assignments.

    43. The Branch Committee should be interested in the well-being of the missionaries and how they are doing in reaching their missionary goals as well as any health problems that may confront them. They should want to help them make a success of the work. If a missionary does not meet his goal of hours it would be appropriate for him to make a notation at the bottom of the Home Report as to the reason.

    44. GILEAD STUDENTS NOT IN MISSIONARY HOMES: It is not necessary to get reports on the field activity of Gilead graduates who may be in the regular or auxiliary pioneer service for an annual Home Report. However, you may have some persons in the country with missionary status who are not in missionary homes. They may be in the circuit or district work, special pioneer service, or Bethel service. You will need to receive monthly reports of field activity of such brothers for the year to send in the annual Home Report. Annual reports will not be required for those with missionary status from Australia, the British Isles, Canada, branches in Europe and the United States except for those in missionary homes.

    45. You may have some living in a home on a missionary basis who have not gone through Gilead School. Their report of field activity should also be shown so we know who is in each home and what they are accomplishing.

    46. The home servant should be sure to fill in the portion of the report that asks for the number of extra persons who can be conveniently accommodated in the home, also other details requested on the form.

    47. LITERATURE INVENTORY FORM: Each branch should send in a monthly Literature Inventory (AB-2) except for August when the Distribution Report is sent. List either one or two languages if you use a large quantity of a second language in your country. A complete inventory of all stock o
    hand should be sent in February by all branches on forms AB-1, AB-2 and AB-2b. A monthly Literature Inventory may be filled out by the branches to record the movement of literature in August and any adjustments necessary due to the actual count of literature. (See 12:11) But it need not be sent to Brooklyn.

    48. PRODUCTION REPORT: This is not a printed form. You can use a plain sheet of paper to type up the information for this form. Not all branches reproduce material, but those that do should send in a monthly report of the number of bound books, booklets, magazines and other items they print each month, including miscellaneous forms, tracts, handbills, etc. Please list each publication as well as each different magazine and the
    quantity completed and delivered to the shipping or mailing departments. We need the quantity and the date of the issue with production figures for The Watchtower and Awake! listed separately. Show total figures for books, booklets, The Watchtower, Awake!, miscellaneous forms, and the grand total. The per-item production cost for literature need be shown only on the annual production report.

    49. Any printing or mimeographing of office forms, handbills, etc. should be listed monthly, but you do not need to itemize them. Just show the quantity produced in bulk.

    50. Any Bibles and concordances, etc. purchased locally should also be listed on this report. Show a separate entry for casettes produced locally, but do not include these in your printing total.

    51. It is helpful to us if printing branches will list Our Kingdom Ministry by language, showing the quantity sent to each country using the language that is being printed, as well as the total quantity for the language, as this helps us keep tabs on the size of the language groups in various countries for which you print Our Kingdom Ministry.

    52. Only one copy of the monthly Production Report need be sent with other monthly reports.

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    Chapter 18

    Printing

    Note: Volunteers at branches not involved with printing are not required to read this chapter.

    1. Everything printed by branches must either originate at Brooklyn or be approved by the Publishing Committee. (Approval to translate literature and magazine; is given by the Writing Committee.) The many forms and letters printed at the United States Branch are used because it saves time instead of typing the same information over and over again. Many of these forms and letters will never be needed in quantity at small branches. When a congregation writes in, you can answer their question. and it may be that that question will be asked only once a year. You have sample copies of forms and you may use the information as it applies to your country when you reply. So there is no need for small branches to have as many printed forms and letters as larger ones.

    2. Please keep in mind the cost involved in printing forms and mailing them. First, they must be translated, typeset, and composed, and this takes time. Then they are printed, which also takes time. It takes paper. which is expensive. So, if we print a lot of forms and you simply stock them on your shelves in the branches and rarely use them, this is not a wise use of Society funds. The principles regarding the ordering of forms are similar to those followed when a branch office orders literature or miscellaneous merchandise. If you have no great use for certain forms, there is no need to stock them.

    3. If your branch print forms. you should be conservative as to quantity. Generally it is good not to print more than a year's supply, as forms may be altered from time to time.

    4 FACTORY OPERATION: Things need to keep moving through the printing division of the factory. Items should not bog down and be held until the last minute, but should be promptly handled so that the flow of work moves smoothly. As we go about the work an eye should be kept on quality first, then the quantity.

    5. Throughout the entire factory operation appropriate ones responsible should be appointed to ensure (1) planning and scheduling; (2) requisitioning necessary materials and supplies; (3) making out and distributing job orders; (4) following jobs through to completion; (5) keeping necessary records, files, and samples and (6) working closely with the volunteers to know their abilities and to understand their problems.

    6. Schedules need to be planned to keep the work in the factory in its proper order. Appropriate ones should be appointed to handle this scheduling work. In scheduling the work, prepare a copy of a written schedule for all the departments concerned, showing when the various operations on a particular book, magazine, Our Kingdom Ministry, and so forth, are due to begin in that department. With non-simultaneous magazines, the schedules for each issue are prepared by working backward, from the day the magazines should go to the post office to allow sufficient time for them to reach the subscribers and congregations. Allow sufficient time for all I operations in the factory, such as wrapping, trimming, stitching, folding, printing, typesetting. proofreading, and set the date copy must be in the hands of the proofreaders. The amount of time to allow for these operations can be established from the previous six months' average of the time required for each operation. As needed, brothers should be assigned the responsibility to see that these schedules are adhered to by all so that the work can be done in good order and the publications reach the people at the right time. Those publishing magazines and Our Kingdom Ministry simultaneously should make workable schedules that take into consideration mailing times from Brooklyn and local shipping needs.

    7. In order to have an efficient flow of work the necessary materials and supplies must be on hand. A good way to check on all items of stock such as paper, ink, and so forth, field service forms and literature, is to have a monthly inventory taken and posted as a progressive inventory. This inventory would show stock on hand plus that received and minus supplies used; then at the end of the month you will have a new balance on hand. This will assist in ordering because it will show the rate of movement and will prevent running out of stock of forms, literature, and necessary supplies or materials. Inventories should be very carefully checked in ordering stock so as not to get overstocked. Requisitions for supplies required to print books, booklets. magazines, and forms, such as paper, ink, glue, paste, cloth, and so forth, should be made out by those designated in sufficient time to keep all machines busy and the items in stock. When reprinting forms always consult your "forms file" for latest changes in the form, if any.

    8. The printing operation is detailed and therefore written instructions are essential for accuracy. Printing requisitions (except magazines and forms) are approved by the Publishing Committee. A job number is assigned from a consecutive list of numbers, and a major file envelope (F-108) is made out. The filed press order (F-104) from the previous printing should always be used as a guide to write up a reprinted item. Any problems experienced in the previous printing should have been marked on the press order. Essential information such as paper size and weight, ink colors, and trim size will be shown. On first printings the information must be worked out I by the one assigned who should consult former similar jobs. Waste of time and material can be avoided if care is taken to get the most forms out of a given sheet with the least number of impressions on the press. The department job orders (F-104) should be proofread after typing, and routed to each department handling the item. Text copy or artwork is first sent to proofreading before being processed for production. All questions should be answered before work is started on any printing item.

    9. The brother designated must follow a job through to completion. He must be thorough and check regularly on the work under his supervision, and so should the branch committee coordinator. Regular tours, at least twice daily, should be made by a responsible brother through the factory or publishing section of the branch. Brothers should be designated as responsible for coordinating all activities between translators, proofreaders, factory, and shipping. All jobs should be followed through, making certain that things are done on time and correctly. Checks must be made with Invoicing and Shipping to see that forms and literature are kept in stock, that orders are not unnecessarily held up, and that all items and materials are on hand to fill orders quickly. This gives our brothers in the field good service. Responsible brothers must always be alert to look for things that may be wrong or that need attention or correction. Try to improve methods of handling the work so that it can be done well in the most convenient, efficient, and least expensive manner. Everyone in the factory operation should be educated to be concerned with quality control and waste reduction.

    10. Records are kept by a central factory office to supply vital information to other departments. A file of job press printings should be kept up to date with one copy of the latest printing of each item. Pertinent information should be written on the forms ,such as job number, quantity. date of printing, and the storage location of the printing flats This information is vital for expediting reprints. A sample of each book and booklet printing should be filed with a library card (F-110) inside the cover, showing all the printing data.

    11. An important responsibility in factory operation is to work closely with the volunteers. All overseers should always be very considerate of, and interested in, their brothers. They should regularly converse with them in an endeavor to learn their problems and then give them the required assistance. An overseer should not be a boss, lording it over the volunteers, but must exercise proper love as a servant. Then he will get good cooperation, which is essential for efficient functioning of the factory. He must be observant of the abilities of each brother or sister so that he will be better able to make recommendations to the factory overseer or Branch Committee concerning the assignment of volunteers.

    12. In large branches the brothers with overall factory oversight will work mainly through the department overseers in assigning out the work and transmitting information and instructions. Problems relating to volunteers, their work habits, getting along with others, cooperation, job recommendations, etc., will usually be handled by the elder group responsible for such volunteers.

    13. A big job in factory operation is planning, coordinating the various departments, and keeping things moving on schedule. Overseers should know the abilities of the different workers so that the brothers can be assigned from one job to another to get things done when they need to be done. Whenever possible there should be a back-up man for each job. Brothers with the responsibility of overall factory oversight should be servants to all departments, having an interest in production and quality printing.

    14. HANDBILLS: Samples of handbills for congregations are sent to all branches from the United States Branch Office. On the back of the handbill an advertisement is printed. You do not need to print the same advertisement as appears on the sample. What the United States Branch does is print an advertisement on the back of our regular-size handbill. We print the back first and stock them. Then when we want to print handbills for some congregation showing the various meetings, we just take whatever backs we have and print on the reverse side and send them out; What is printed on the back is not ;he important thing. The important thing is the front side of the handbill showing the schedule of congregation meetings. So if you print handbills. do not be concerned about matching certain backs with a certain front. If you do not have time to print the backs or it is too expensive, then just print the front of the handbills. The purpose of the handbill is to get people to the various meetings. The reason we have printed an advertisement on the back is to use it as a tract to give a message and invite the people to order some literature if they are so inclined.

    15. We do not always cover our costs for printing handbills. We charge this loss off to advertising. The price on handbills will vary in different countries according to local costs.

    16. In printing handbills try to make things as uniform as possible. By using the "Redefine" keys and "Submit" function on the MEPS system the entry and proofreading of handbills can be expedited and much time saved.

    17. Placards or window signs will no longer be printed by printing branches except by special permission. If there seems to be some real need or value in supplying them they may be ordered from a printing branch on the handbill order form (S-16). ,Manuscript copy for all the information desired on the placard or window sign should be typewritten and supplied along with the order form. The words "Placard" or "Window Sign Order" should be typed across the top of the Handbill Order form. Instead of showing the name of the congregation, the name of the circuit should be shown in the space provided. Placard and window sign orders should not be included on the same handbill order blank as handbills, but on a separate handbill order blank (S-16).

    18. MNEMONIC SYMBOLS: When a branch publishes literature in a language that is not assigned a mnemonic symbol, send a request to the Brooklyn office to assign a symbol for the publication. This is done so that there will be no repetition in symbols anywhere in the world. While we do not use symbols in sending orders between branches, yet we do use symbols when writing our local invoices, and the same symbols should be used worldwide. The Brooklyn office controls symbols.

    19. Symbols for new languages and publications printed in Brooklyn will be shown on the Publications to Be Printed sheet. Branches can watch for these and keep their records up to date. A listing is also found in the back of the Cost List.

    20. When making domestic invoices or orders where one principal language is spoken in a country, (like Germany), there is no need to put "X" behind every item to indicate a German publication, or in Spanish countries to put "S" to indicate Spanish publications, but the branch can use the mnemonic symbols without the language symbol. If, however, such a country has an order for an English publication, the branch can use the symbol "E" to show the publication to be sent is English and not in the national language. .Always show the language fully spelled out on branch orders.

    21. When you have any forms printed or mimeographed you should always show the form number in the lower left-hand corner except for such items as letterheads, envelopes, postcards, and membership or similar certificates. There should never be two different forms bearing the same number. The mnemonic symbol for the language is shown following the form number when it is translated into another language. (Example: S-4-S 6/86) The same date as shown on the English form should be shown on the translation. Dates are changed when forms are revised in English, not when they are translated.

    22. SAMPLES OF PRINTED FORMS AND PUBLICATIONS: All branches that do printing of magazines should send one sample copy to Watchtower Farms Magazine Department if the branch does not send a bulk supply. If a bulk supply is sent the sample will be taken from the bulk supply. All branches printing books, booklets, or Our Kingdom Ministry should send one sample copy of each to the Brooklyn office. This is done on the initial printing and also on all reprints of books and booklets. It is not necessary to send samples of printed forms. A copy of all printed or mimeographed material should be kept in the branch files in date order as printed for review by the zone overseer.

    23. The United States Branch Office sends to all branches one copy of everything printed that we feel branches should have. When you receive these copies, read them through carefully, then put them in your form file. The Brooklyn office does not send all of its forms to you because some are used only within the Brooklyn factory or the Bethel home itself, or maybe for local conventions. We are selective in sending some forms only to larger branches that may have a need for them.

    24. THE PRINTING OF FORMS: Small branches will find it expensive to have forms printed, and we suggest that such branches reproduce their needs, possibly by mimeograph or Multilith. Generally it will be impractical for the branch to have forms printed at the United States Branch in quantities less than 500. Lesser amounts if needed (note paragraphs 2 and 3) may be reproduced locally.

    25. Branches may order English forms from Brooklyn as well as forms in other languages if we print them. Always write out the name of the form and the form number on the order blank. Never order less than 500 copies of a form if it is necessary for the form to be printed for you alone. If it is a stock item there is no minimum quantity. We will not print forms in other languages unless we feel that they are needed by the branch ordering. Branches may use forms even though they have the Brooklyn office address on them instead of the branch address. Under such circumstances you may add your local address under the Brooklyn address by neatly printing it with a rubber stamp or by typewriter. In many places it is most economical for the branches to have letterheads and forms printed locally due to the high import duties on forms. Where the branches know that forms are duty free, they can order from a printing branch, but check into these matters before ordering. When ordering letterheads, envelopes, or other forms from a printing branch, a copy or a sample of the previous form showing exactly the way the form is to appear finally should be attached to the Branch Order. This does not apply to stocked service forms or handbills but to forms to be printed that are peculiar to your country only.

    26. Even though some changes have been made in forms and you have old ones, continue to use the old forms until they are gone unless advised otherwise. Generally changes are not major enough to throw away old forms. Before you run out of the old ones order the new supplies to be used, allowing ample time to receive them.

    27. When the Brooklyn office revises and prints an English form, no reprints of the old form will be made in any language, but the branch will use up its old supply. When a branch needs a new supply, it should revise the form to conform with the latest English form.

    28. No branches are authorized to institute new forms of their own unless the Publishing Committee has been given reasons for it and you have received approval. When a new branch is opened, it is unwise to introduce many new forms to the publishers to use at once. Forms are not really important. The important thing is the preaching of the good news of the Kingdom, organizing the publishers into congregations and helping them to be spiritually strong and active. Do not burden them down with a lot of book work. It is only when there are many congregations that a number of forms are really needed. A good rule to follow is that the fewer forms you have to use, the better it is. The brothers should get accustomed to using the essential forms that have to do with reporting to the congregation and the congregation's reporting to the office. There are very few other forms that are needed in the small branches.

    29. PRINTING OF BOOKS AND BOOKLETS: Any branch that prints books or booklets should always have their requisitions approved by the Publishing Committee before going ahead with printing. The branch should be sure too that the quantity ordered is the right amount and based on the movement of that kind of literature. Think and check carefully before writing out a requisition.

    30. When a branch gets approval to print a book or booklet, the approval for the printing of that quantity of literature gives the branch approval to purchase paper, cloth, cardboard, or anything else that goes into the making of that publication. It is not necessary to send requisitions through to the Publishing Committee for approval for these other supplies if the overall approval has been given.

    31. Branches should keep accurate cost records of all publications produced. In addition to production cost you will need to add in the cost of freight, insurance, and duty. Insurance generally runs about 16 cents per one hundred dollars of value.—See Printing Costs and Accounting, chapter 19.

    32. PUBLICATIONS TO BE PRINTED SHEET: Before printing any publication at Brooklyn or any other printing branch, it is good to have it listed on the Publications to Be Printed sheet some time before you plan to print it. If you have approval to print a publication locally, send a memorandum to the Brooklyn office requesting that it be listed on a coming Publications to Be Printed sheet. Be sure to allow sufficient time before an item is to be printed for it to appear on the sheet and for the branches to send in their orders. Then when the orders from various branches reach the printing branch, it can be determined just how many to print for other countries.

    33. ART PROOFS, FILM, ETC.: When art proofs or film are sent to a printing branch, if required for custom purposes be sure that certified invoices are sent to the printing branch at the time they are mailed. One or two copies of the certified invoice should be placed inside the parcel for custom purposes as required. Additionally, two more copies of the certified invoice should be mailed immediately to the printing branch.

    34. When furnishing such material for reproduction and printing be sure it is properly identified. Remember that persons working in printing branches do not necessarily understand your language. Therefore, you should be careful to make everything as foolproof as possible for the printing branch.

    35. When sending art proofs or film for magazines, be sure to send a complete dummy. A dummy is a preliminary layout showing the position of the text and illustrations as they are to appear in the final reproduction. This dummy for books should include the title page, publishers page, advertisements, and the dummy layout for the cover, showing how the title should appear. In some instances a locally printed magazine could serve as the dummy and be sent with the proofs or film.

    36. In putting advertisements in a book or booklet you should never advertise publications that are not already in stock in your language. It would be better to leave pages blank than to advertise publications that do not appear in the language in which the new publication appears.

    37. Due to postal regulations in the United States we do not advertise The Watchtower and Awake! in books or booklets.

    38. When receiving art proofs or film, occasionally we experience difficulty because not enough room has been allowed to insert a picture. This requires adjusting the picture or cropping it. This does not always work for the best appearance, so care is necessary in following the outline of the English picture to allow sufficient spacing. It may be necessary to reword the text to ensure adequate space for the picture.

    39. At present the Society has been including many four-color pictures in the Yearbook, other books, brochures, and this will come to include a goodly number of language editions of our magazines. It will greatly complicate matters and result in greatly increased expense if each individual language edition Of these publications has its own layout with its own location of four-colour pictures. It is desirable that each printing branch keep on hand standard master flats of all three-color artwork and match these with the black art and text in any given language. This will require that with all language editions of our magazines or other publications to be printed in four colors, the color pictures fall in exactly the same location on the same pages as in the English edition. This is becoming more important now that so many editions of our magazines, and also books, are published simultaneously.

    40. In the case of magazines and other publications which are printed in other branches, and also printed in Brooklyn, it is necessary that the text flats sent to Brooklyn follow exactly the same page layout and location of four-color artwork as in the English edition. If there is to be some variation, such as a French, German or Italian edition of a magazine not using the same ad, then the ad should be in black only. Otherwise we do not have the time to do all the work necessary to produce a different four-color ad and get the magazine out on time.

    41. PAGE AND TEXT-AREA SIZES: It is important to follow the English text-area sizes when preparing art proofs or film because they are based on machinery limitation-, and publication standardization. The standard page size in a regular-size book, Bible, or booklet is 4-1/2" x 6-1/2" (114mm x 165mm). Text-area size is 86mm x 144mm. For pocket-size books, page size is 4" x 6-1/4" (102mm x 159mm). Text-area size is 84mm x 145mm. Magazine-size book page size is 7" x 9" (178mm x 228mm). Text-area size is the same as the English publication. Bi12 page size is 4-1/2" x 6-1/2" (114mm x 165mm). Text-area size is 92mm x 147mm. If a set number of pages is established for a particular publication, you should adjust text composition and/or wording to fit your language translation into the I allotted space.

    42. In supplying art proofs or film to a printing branch that uses offset rotary presses endeavor to keep your publications in 32-page units. Ten signatures make a book of 320 pages; twelve signatures, 384; and so forth.

    43. Should it ever be necessary to produce art proofs oversize they must be in proportion to the final page. The proper proportions may be secured by running a line diagonally through the print on a standard-size page from the lower left-hand corner through the upper right-hand corner and extended to the extremity desired. Next, extend the left-hand and bottom margins. By then drawing in the right-hand and upper margin to close the rectangle a proportionate-size page can be reached. This can be reduced to the proper size by photographic reduction. It is important that all pages for a given publication as supplied in art-proof or artwork form be of identical length and width measurements. No line of characters should be allowed to exceed the maximum width measurement by any amount, no matter how small. Similarly, all pages should be of the same length if at all possible, but the longest page should not exceed the maximum allowed for the established size of the publication. All pages must be photographed at one camera setting based on the largest page dimensions, and even one over-width or over-length page requires that the whole publication be reduced by the amount determined from the over-standard page.

    44. When a page is prepared in proportionately larger size and contains an illustration, the space allotted in the page for the illustration must also be increased in the same proportion as the whole page. Only if the space for the illustration is also proportionately enlarged will it be possible to insert the actual illustration after the page is reduced to actual size. If you need more details on this matter write the United States Branch.

    45. Good quality should be maintained on any art proofs or film sent in. There must be no wrinkles, creases, or tears in the proofs, nor stains or smudges that might show up when the proofs are processed photographically. On all text material it is very important that the density of blackness be consistent over the entire page and from page to page. This needs to be checked closely.

    46. New artwork prepared for magazine article titles should be sent to the printing branch in ready-to-photograph form, using opaque white paper but not tracing paper. If the printing branch is expected to prepare the artwork, sufficient time should be allowed for at least one proofreading by the translating branch. Copy supplied for artwork, titles, and illustrations should be typewritten, clearly showing the desired capitalization and word arrangement. The original English word should be shown under the corresponding translated word or words in a title, to guide proper artwork design. If in preparing the artwork, layout lines are used to line up the lettering, a light blue pencil should be used for the layout lines and NOT a black lead pencil. The light blue will not photograph. The text and illustrations to print should be dense black, with clean sharp outlines.

    47. We feel sure that the overseers who are acquainted with printing to any extent at all will see the importance of having things right in the beginning, because if there is an error in proofs or film and that error is printed, then thousands of errors will be printed. If you have an edition of 100,000 of a publication, there are going to be 100,000 mistakes made. That is why it is so important that the text be correct. The branch committee coordinator should see to it that good copy or clean proofs are always provided. Then when the literature is printed it will be something that the publishers of the whole country will be proud of and happy to have.

    48. THE PRINTING OF MAGAZINES: Accuracy in determining the printing ( quantity is important to ensure having enough copies to fill orders while not having many left over, which would waste time and money. Therefore, printing quantities should be carefully determined based on the following figures: subscriptions (current, new subscriptions expected, and renewals expected), distributors' orders from congregations (regular orders, special orders on hand, and special orders anticipated for special issues), waste during mailing operations, and a small amount for stock quantity (no more than 25-100 copies for most small languages).

    49. At times there may be a shortage of a particular issue. In the case of shortages "second" quality magazines may be used. Also, to avoid the need for small reprints, some of the regular distributors' orders may be reduced in quantity if the shortage is noted during mailing. In such case the congregation account would be credited. Subscriptions should always be mailed before distributors' orders. All of the paid subscribers copies should be mailed even if there is a shortage. If an issue goes out of stock after the mailing of the current subscriptions and regular distributors' orders are completed, it is not necessary to reprint the issue. Reprints may be made for a specially advertised issue or issues on which there are large quantities of late orders. On an offset rotary press, 2-3,000 is generally the minimum quantity that would warrant a reprint.

    50. In order to handle leftover magazines due to small overruns, after the main mailing of subscriptions and distributors orders is completed, take an inventory. Deduct the amount needed for expected new subscriptions and renewals and the few copies for stock. The remainder should be mailed out as soon as possible as "EXTRAS." Mail them to the congregations in your country or in a country which uses large quantities of that language. To accomplish the sending out of extras, follow through a consecutive list of congregations, sending about 5% of the amount of the regular distributors' order to each congregation until the leftover quantity is exhausted. Indicate on the list where you leave off so that you can begin with the next congregation the next time you need to send out extras. When the end of the list is reached, start over from the beginning. On the label for these extras include the word "EXTRA" at the top so that the congregation will know why they are receiving these magazines. Congregations are not charged for these magazines. The congregation can distribute them in the same way as the regular distributors' copies and the monies received can be applied to their magazine account. If this arrangement is new in your country you may inform the congregations about it by means of Our Kingdom Ministry. The intent should be to hold such overruns to a minimum.

    51. As to the type of paper used for printing The Watchtower and Awake!, this is determined by the Publishing Committee. New language editions of the magazines may be started on newsprint or a paper using a large percentage of ground wood. If the income for magazines is not sufficient to cover a better quality of paper, continue to use such less expensive paper on The Watchtower. If it is thought practical to print The Watchtower on a better quality paper than Awake!, your reasons and recommendations should be submitted to the Publishing Committee for consideration.

    52. It is not necessary for branches to use a second color in addition to the black unless you know that the Society can bear the cost and that it will add something to the magazine in the way of distribution. It is fully appreciated that many branches would like to have their magazines in two or more colors, but this is a matter to be decided by the Publishing Committee. Can the Society afford to print your edition in color? There is no objection to your making recommendations and showing the Publishing Committee how it can be done and what costs will be involved. At all times we are anxious to improve the standard of the magazine and increase its circulation. If a Branch Committee believes color would help and the costs would be covered by the distribution of subscriptions and distributors copies, the Committee should make its recommendation.

    53. The Watchtower and Awake! in all languages should be able to bear their own costs. The production and distribution costs of the various language magazines should be covered by receipts from subscriptions and from distributors' copies. Printing branches should receive enough money to cover the cost of translation, paper, typesetting, and mailing, with a little excess if that is possible for advancing Kingdom interests in your own country. It is not desirable that magazines be offered to the people at less than the cost of printing and distributing them. Magazines should support themselves. The Society may need to subsidize the publication of new editions of magazines. but in time each should bear its own burden.

    54. MULTILANGUAGE ELECTRONIC PHOTOTYPESETTING SYSTEM (MEPS): This is the Society's own computer-driven typesetting system With it virtually any language can be typeset and composed and output produced by the MEPSetter for photographing and eventual printing by the offset method. Most printing branches are or will be equipped with this system. A maximum of four graphics terminals can be operated on one MEPS computer unit. Personal computers can be attached on a network link to MEPS. These can be used to enter text in many languages. These PC's can also be used for word processing, subscription and magazine handling, literature order entry and inventory control, as well as invoice preparation and other related office functions.

    55. Publication copy may be dual entered and compared by the computer to save proofreading time when working from manuscript. Translators may enter text directly as they work or typists can enter text from dictation equipment. Normal proofreading and editing can be done until the text is clean and ready to release for composing and output on the MEPSetter. All types of work can be done on the MEPS: forms, handbills, magazines, tracts, booklets, brochures, books, Bibles, etc.

    56. TRAINING AND MAINTENANCE: Operators should be properly trained, I and, whenever possible, back-up volunteers should be trained to serve in the absence of the regular operators. Since this is a complex electronic system, it is imperative to have skilled technicians trained to maintain the MEPS system. This may require sending someone to Brooklyn or one of the maintenance centers, such as Germany, Japan, or South Africa, for adequate training. This may take four or five months. Since the system is the Society s, manuals will be provided for both hardware and software. As improvements and updates are made in the system, maintenance volunteers should familiarize themselves well with such adjustments. It is the desire to keep all of the MEPS systems at the same level so work can be moved around easily and so that programs will run in any branch having a similarly configured MEPS. This will require that as soon as a new release update is received at the branch it should be implemented into your MEPS. To operate properly, the MEPS requires a clean, air-conditioned environment free of dust and static electricity. Hardware and software problems encountered when using the MEPS system should be reported properly on the ' MEPS Problem Report" form. It is important to do this so fixes can be made and the software especially be kept problem free. This information is also
    beneficial in making improvements in the system.

    57. SECURITY: The Branch Committee, factory overseer and all other responsible volunteers must be concerned to maintain the integrity of the data kept in the MEPS system. Proper logon procedures and other security measures should be observed. A system of copying the data to diskette or tape should be regularly employed as a safety measure to preserve data in case of emergencies, power failures, etc.

    58. FONT SELECTION: The MEPS system uses type fonts that the Society has digitized, that is, converted to electronic form. Should additional letters or accents be required in any language, a branch order should be submitted for the Graphics Department's Font Digitizing section to produce them. Generally font selection will follow the English for style of face used in a given publication. In languages that use other alphabets or scripts, there is a more limited selection. However, adequate fonts are available to produce an attractive publication. If additional typefaces are desired in such languages, then a branch order would need to be submitted for such and a covering letter explaining the need. If approved, artwork for all characters in the language would be required, or proofs of existing hot metal fonts for use in creating images that would be digitized. This process requires several months' time.

    59. SPECIAL ACCENTS: The Society s Roman-based fonts have a large set of international accents that cover most of the languages in which the Society is presently printing. Should additional letters or accents be required in any language, a branch order should be submitted for the Font Digitizing Department to produce them. Artwork or a sketch showing what is required should accompany the branch order and also some written explanation explaining its need, use and placement in the font.

    60. NEW LANGUAGE ACCENTS AND STYLE: The accents needed to set a new language as well as its rules of typography and grammar are often available from local universities. Officially accepted standards are ~t hat should be used. If the e is no official standard for a certain aspect of typesetting, then what is current typographical practice in quality publications can serve as a guide. Consulting all concerned beforehand will help since there may be practical considerations involved, and informing all concerned afterward in writing will be appreciated by everyone. In order to get all the needed information a "Language Information" questionnaire should be filled out. Please request blank questionnaires from Brooklyn.

    61. OPERATOR TRAINING: Instruction should be steady but not rushed. It generally takes two weeks for a student to learn the basics of the machine and to reach an acceptable level of accuracy on the keyboard so as to be able to operate fairly independently and do production work. To become proficient at composition requires more time, several months to become productive. MEPS manuals are provided for such training.

    62. There is a variety of keyboard fingering systems in use in the industry. With each language comes a suggested keyboard layout. However, with the "Redefine" function an operator can tailor the keyboard to his liking on the MEPS.

    63. COOPERATION WITH PROOFREADING: It has been found advantageous to give proofreaders a brief course on the MEPS operation so that they are acquainted with its capabilities. This helps measurably in communication between the two departments.

    64. JOB AND FLATBED PRINTING: The reason for printing is to enable people to read and gain knowledge. Therefore, it is essential to give careful attention to printing in order ~o provide good quality, representative of the truth. After typesetting and camera preparation of the negatives the first operation is the preparing of the stripped up flats. Then offset plates are made. Care must be exercised in each procedure to produce a quality printed page.

    65. The next step is the feeding and delivering on the press. Good operation here depends on a well-cleaned air system, well-maintained suction cups, and good mechanical adjustment. Caution should always be taken to make certain that the margins are proper before printing begins

    66. The quality of printing depends basically upon (1) proper packing of both plate and blanket cylinders to get the right impression, (2) properly set ink and water rollers, and (3) ink and water adjustment. It is very essential to keep rollers in good condition. It is not economical to try to run rollers beyond the point of their expected life. The rollers should always be true round and have a good, tacky surface. The ink rollers should be washed down every night to avoid caking of ink. Sometimes the plate may ( need to be gummed up if the press has to sit idle awhile, and later washed before starting to print again. The quality of printing is highly dependent, too, on correct ink distribution, which should be constantly watched and kept in adjustment.

    67. Setoff, which is wet ink transferred from one sheet to another, is a constant hazard to printing where dryers are not used. It can easily be caused by too much ink and water being used or by the wrong type of ink for the particular paper being used. Setoff can also be caused by allowing the pile of printed sheets to stack too high. A third cause is the lifting up of the pile unevenly when you are inspecting during the time of printing and before the ink is dry. A fourth cause is the cutting of the material before it is sufficiently dried. All these steps should be watched carefully, because a well-arranged print job and a well-printed job can be ruined in the last stages with setoff.

    68. Static electricity is another problem quite often found present around presses. One simple operation that is often very effective is to get a cord of copper tinsel and stretch it across the press so that the surface of the sheet will come in contact with the tinsel as it passes underneath it just before piling. The tinsel should be tied to metal parts of the press to act as a ground. On larger presses a "static eliminator" device may be required.

    69. Good production of a press can be obtained by careful organization on the part of the pressman and a well-maintained machine that is operated at a proper speed. By organization we also mean to have the work so well planned in the order of printing of the different jobs as to minimize the amount of time a press is not running. Generally, the next job for the press should be readied in the stripping and platemaking areas while the previous job is running on the press. The cleanliness of the machine with proper lubrication is also essential to maintain a good quality of production.

    70. OFFSET PRINTING: On job work in Brooklyn and most branches we are printing everything by means of lithographic or offset printing. All that we need to make a plate to print with this process is copy that is clear, with good contrast. We can take an existing form from stock for this. We then take a photograph with a process camera that exposes a negative. The negative then is placed over an inexpensive lithographic plate and exposed to a bright light. We use a plate exposure light that shines through the negative onto the light-sensitive plate. The plate then becomes harder where the light shines through. With a chemical developer (supplied by the plate maker), we develop the plate. The developer makes the area where the letters have been exposed greasier, adding a coat of material where the image or type was on the negative.

    71. Then the plate is put on the press. The press puts water on the plate first. The water does not stick on the greasy image area, but it does flow across the rest of the plate, wetting it. Then ink rollers come across the plate. The ink sticks only on the greasy areas, and not where the water is. Then the plate comes n contact with a rubber blanket that is pliable yet firm, especially prepared to accept the ink from the plate. The paper is pressed between the rubber blanket that now has the image in ink on it, and a steel impression cylinder. The ink comes off the blanket onto the paper, and the form is printed.

    72. INK: In acquiring -.k it is not always the lowest-priced ink that turns out to be the cheapest. ink. The way to determine the value of the ink is by figuring the number of impressions obtained per pound. Whenever you purchase ink you should always consult with the inkmaker, submitting samples of paper so as to obtain ink suitable for the particular press and type of paper you will use. Many branches get their ink from Brooklyn where it is made in ou ink Room. There is no objection to branches buying ink locally if a good supplier can be found. Before ordering ink from Brooklyn the cost of local ink should be taken into consideration. With government restrictions it is becoming increasingly difficult to ship ink and chemicals.

    73. If at any time you desire to obtain ink from Brooklyn, you should always send along a sample of the paper (8-1j2" x 11") that the ink is to be used on; also tell us the type and speed of press on which you print.

    74. OBTAINING MACHINERY: It is usually not worthwhile to acquire old or heavily-worn machines, even free. It costs too much to make them work properly. Brand new machines are not always necessary, however. Used machines of recent mc~ufacture are often as good, and much less expensive.

    75. CARE OF MACHINERY: The best maintenance is preventive maintenance. It is more economical and practical to keep a machine well maintained than to let it be neglected and break down. This will be more expensive and cause greater delay. Therefore, regularly scheduled machine inspection should be followed.

    76. Lubrication is the life of the machine. It is good from time to time to have a person with a good understanding of the machinery, possibly a plant mechanic, check over all the machines to make certain that all points are being lubricated. A most vital and essential part of the machine operation is proper lubrication, seeing that all the oil holes are kept clean so that oil gets to the proper place. It is better to oil a machine more frequently with a small amount of oil than with a large amount less frequently, as then a greater portion runs off the machine unused. This is wasteful and is not good for the machine. as it runs with less lubrication.

    77. Cleanliness of the machine is very important. It gives increased life to the machine and results in a better quality of production. Eighty-five percent of all machine problems are caused by dirt. Therefore, the machines as well as the whole work area should be kept clean. To help ensure this, there are daily, weekly, monthly, and semi-annual chores to be performed that should not be neglected under any circumstances. Negligence, particularly in the daily chores, can quickly ruin major parts of the machine. However, one rule that should always be followed is: A machine should never be cleaned while it is in motion. This is too dangerous, in that the cloth may get caught in the machine and result in injury to the operator of the machine.

    ,8. It is too often thought that production comes by speed, but this is not the case. A machine should not run above a practical speed. It is not speed that makes production; it is steadiness. Therefore, if a machine is run at a practical speed. it will result in better quality as well as satisfactory production and a longer life for the machine and less strain on the operator.

    79. SAFETY: We do not want to have anyone get hurt working around machinery; to prevent this requires effective safety measures. Any part of the machine that appears to be dangerous should have proper guards installed so that volunteers are protected. You should always watch that all guards are used and in position. Whenever a new person is assigned a machine, explain to him each section of the entire machine and caution him about any dangerous things to avoid. All machine operators should be constantly cautioned as to the importance of safety. In recent y ears governments have been requiring volunteers working in noisy areas or on loud presses and machinery to wear hearing protection such as ear plugs, ear muffs, etc. Also, steps to deaden or lessen the sound to acceptable levels must be taken. Branch Committees, factory overseers, and department overseers should become acquainted with what is required and see that some reasonable measures are taken to comply with such regulations for the good of all.

    80. The Brooklyn factory has a press manual for the converted MAN offset rotary presses. You may order one if you have such a rotary press.

    81. UNUSED MACHINERY: If you have machinery that has not been used for some time but can be made to produce, do not dispose of it without getting permission from the Publishing Committee. It may be that it can be sent to another branch. Inform the Publishing Committee in a separate memo containing necessary data sent with your annual report if you have any machines not in use.

    82. SILK SCREEN PROCESS FOR PLACARDS AND WINDOW SIGNS: This process is explained on pages 121 to 123 of the 1965 edition of Branch Office Procedure.

    83. DUPLICATING METHODS: There are a number of methods that can be used to duplicate publications if printed material is not available for one

    reason or another. These include offset duplicators, copiers, mimeographs, and spirit duplicators. Some branches use offset duplicators or mimeograph machines for producing limited editions of such items as the Watchtower magazine, Our Kingdom Ministry, Examining the Scriptures Daily and other publications in various languages.

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    Chapter 19

    Printing Costs and Accounting

    1. Any manufacturing plant needs to have a record of expenses if it is to operate efficiently and provide information concerning the cost of items being produced. Therefore a cost accounting system needs to be set up in all printing branches :o provide manufacturing and shipping costs on the books, booklets and magazines as well as other items of production. Such information not only provides a check on efficiency but is helpful in deciding the price at which an item can be placed with the public and in determining the feasicality of having certain items printed by an outside firm where duty fees and shipping costs make it seem impractical to uce our own facilities. How e!aborate the accounting system needs to be is in most cases determined by the reports required by the branch organization as well as the extent of manufacturing being done. It should be a very simple matter to keep a record of costs where merely a small amounl of job printing is involved. Certainly one should avoid spending a lot of time working up information that is not needed. Also it is good lo avoid duplication of effort whenecer possible. For instance, it may be that much of the information compiled in the treasurer s oftice at the branch can be utilized by the cost accountant in developing some of the costs needed. While bookkeeping as carried on in the treasurer's office needs lo take into consideration all costs in order to balance out the books, cost accounting is concerned only with expenses that affect the manufacturing or other costs being developec

    2. COSTS NOT CHARGEBLE TO PRODUCTION: Every branch has operational expenses that are necessary in looking after the Kingdom interects, but only certain items contribute to manufacturing costs. Expenses that a branch would ordinarly have if printing was being done by an outside firm are not included in the cost of producing books, magazines or other literature. Following is a list of expenses that should not be included in the manufacturing costs or at least, not charged directly:

    3. Bethel home expenses consisting of reimbursements, meals, housing, furniture and illness, as well as repairs, rent, mortgages, dividends, taxes, light, heat and power for the portion of the branch building comprising the Bethel home, are charged to labor costs. Eventually a portion of these costs will get into the manufacturing cost through the labor rate (see labor costs) but none of these Bethel home expenses are to be charged directly to production .

    4. Branch overhead expenses involving the various offices, service department, translation and proofreading of copy, correspondence, bookkeeping, invoicing and the handling of pioneers as well as the handling and expenses, including reimbursements, of circuit and district overseers, missionaries and special pioneers, are not charged to production.

    5. Cars and trucks are not chargeable if the branch has conveyances for business purposes other than those used for manufacturing or shipping. Those used for various purposes may be prorated for cost accounting purposes .

    6. Conventions and their expenses are not charged to production.

    7. Educational expenses involved in maintaining schools at a branch such as the Kingdom Ministry or Pioneer Service Schools, special training given to missionaries learning a language, or instruction to circuit and district overseers, as well as motion picture films and slides would not be included in production costs.

    8. Legal expenses involving estates or property other than that being used for manufacturing.

    9. Maintenance of outside property or the sale thereof would not affect the cost of production.

    10. Shipping costs involving the storage, packaging and shipping of literature and magazines.

    11. Other expenses too may not be included in the cost of manufacturing a book or magazine, the reason being that if we had our literature printed outside by a local printer we would still have all of the above expenses. What we want to ascertain in our cost system is the exact cost of manufacturing the book, booklet or magazine as though the manufacturing or printing division were an outside concern.

    12. COSTS THAT ARE CHARGEABLE TO PRODUCTION: The only branches that will have to set up a cost accounting system are those that manufacture books, booklets or magazines, or do considerable printing on a small scale, and then they would need to know what these things cost in order to make a comparison with outside printing. Therefore the items that are to go into production costs are as follows:

    13. Building: Just that portion of the building that is used for manufacturing and storage of supplies for manufacturing would be charged to production. This would include depreciation, rent, taxes and maintenance costs to the factory building.

    14. Heat: If one central heating system is used for the heating of the Bethel home, the office and the factory, then a percentage of the heat cost would be worked out for charging to the factory. The rest would go against the Bethel home and office.

    15. Ink would include all inks, oils and dryers used in printing as well as any costs of manufacturing ink or distributing it to the presses.

    16. Labor costs will include everything contributing directly or indirectly to the following: reimbursements, personal expense account payments, home, meals and sickness. The totals of the above items contributing to the labor rate for the current month are added to the totals for the previous eleven

    months and the resultant total for the year is then divided by twelve to provide an average cost of labor for the month involved. The total cost of labor should then be divided by the number of persons working in the factory, the office and such schools as may be in operation at the branch. It will not include those who work in the kitchen or dining room in connection with meals, nor will it include housekeepers or others engaged in home maintenance. The above procedure will provide a labor rate per person for cost-accounting purposes and will be the same for each individual whether serving in the factory, the office or a school being operated by branch volunteers. However, only the labor cost of those who work in the factory and have to do either directly or indirectly with the manufacture of literature will be charged against production. The labor cost of all others falls against the nonprinting operations of the branch.

    17. Light and Power: If the lights are on a separate meter from the rest of the power then the cost can be distributed in the same manner as shown in paragraph 14 with respect to heat. If there is not a separate meter then a survey will have to be made to determine the portion of the expense that applies to lights and the balance will then be charged to the various departments and/or machinery that utilize power.

    18. Machinery and Equipment: Separate ledger accounts must be maintained for these in order to keep a record of the depreciation.

    19. Maintenance: A record should be kept of all maintenance costs for machinery and equipment in the various departments. This would include maintenance supplies.

    20. Stock: This has to do with materials such as paper supplies, cardboard, bogus, crash, stitching wire, or any other material that goes into the making of a book, booklet or magazine. It is part of the cost of production.

    21. The details of the actual cost accounting procedure will be supplied to printing branches on request to the Brooklyn office. Branches that do not do printing need not be concerned with this information.

    Chapter 23

    Schools for Theocratic Training

    1. KINGDOM MINISTRY SCHOOL: The revised Kingdom Ministry School program will offer 15 hours of study for elders in five units of instruction of three hours each. In most cases there will be two instructors for each school. From time to time supplementary refresher courses may be arranged by the Teaching Committee to offer progressive training for this school program.

    2. Scheduling of the school sessions can be flexible. The school could be conducted over a weekend. Or, portions could be covered for three hours each evening with the course running for five evenings. In. some cases midweek daytime classes may be preferable, with the course running for two days. It will be up to the branch office to schedule school sessions in harmony with what is best locally.

    3. This school is primarily open to the appointed elders in the congregations. It is recommended for the entire local body of elders of a congregation to attend the school at the same time. For this reason the Governing Body has authorized a special program whereby all the elders in a given branch area may be offered the same course in a comparatively short time, perhaps three to five weeks. This will be organized through the circuit overseers. Each circuit will have a Kingdom Ministry School of two instructors appointed by the Society. Classes of 25 or so students in a circuit will be conducted in local Kingdom Halls until all the elders who desire to attend have attended this refresher course. Some circuits will have six or more classes to complete the number of elders attending. An enrollment form filled out by the circuit overseer and finally approved by the branch office will guide and govern the enrollment in these schools.

    4. In some countries congregations may have only a few elders or none at all, with ministerial servants serving in place of overseers, or in rare cases, some may not even have ministerial servants, yet those available are used to help local groups keep functioning and handle correspondence. These may be helped by the circuit overseer when he visits the group.

    S. The most recent textbook is entitled "Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock." (ks 81 ) A further refresher course may be offered periodically using additional textbook supplements or other suitable material provided by the Teaching Committee. If there is a supplement the student will be permitted to take his copy home with him for further use. In this way every congregation will have several of these textbooks available for the elders to use to guide the congregations in unity and harmony. In countries that are under ban or where there are serious restrictions, branches may supply the congregations with at least one copy of a current revised textbook to be kept in a safe place for the local elders to use and to study on their

    own. When the circuit overseer visits, he can help the elders by teaching them from the material they already have on hand.

    6. PIONEER SERVICE SCHOOLS: Pioneer Service Schools are established with the objective of training full-time publishers who qualify to open up new territories and organize new congregations. In quite a number of branch territories there are large towns and cities that need to receive a Kingdom witness. There are good prospects of starting new congregations in such places if qualified publishers are available. So pioneers, after training in the Pioneer Service Schools, will be used in this activity in their own countries if they are willing. Even in lands where a good witness has been given, much interest that is encountered could be developed by starting more home Bible studies. Pioneer Service Schools will provide training with this in view also.

    7. Good central locations, probably where a Kingdom Hall is available, can be determined upon and classes of 20 to 25 students will be enrolled. The students will undergo a study course in lessons contained in the textbook Shining as Illuminators in the world. The class sessions will be conducted by qualified brothers who are capable instructors. The study units can be spread over two weeks or covered in a shorter period, depending on the circumstances and the needs. In addition to class study and discussions, provision will also be made, where possible, for application of the things learned right in the field, since certain hours will be set aside for participation in the field by both students and instructor.

    8. Regular and special pioneers who have been on the list for at least a year and who are qualified otherwise may be invited to attend the school. It will be appropriate for missionaries and wives of circuit and district overseers to be included in this program of training if they have been a year or more in their assignment.

    9. Since some special pioneers and others attending the Pioneer Service School may have to travel some distance, there may be need for the school instructor to organize room accommodations as required. It may be that the local congregation publishers will be happy to provide such temporary accommodations. As far as may be possible students will not be asked to come from too great a distance.

    10. The Society will care for the travel and food expense of special pioneers and missionaries attending the schools. Congregations in the larger centers may wish to contribute in some measure. It is not the wish of the Society that anyone become unduly burdened in caring for such expense. In each case the instructor will inform the branch office of the needs at each school location .

    11. We are sure that this provision of the Pioneer Service School will be of assistance and encouragement to our full-time brothers and sisters, and

    eventually do much ;o extend the witness and result in the organizing of many new congregations of Jehovah's worshipers.

    12. BETHEL ENTRANTS' SCHOOL: Some of the larger branches have arranged a program for new members of the Bethel family consisting of a series of twelve lecture periods and twelve classroom discussion sessions for one hour each following the Bethel family Watchtower study Monday evenings. The Dwelling Together In Unity booklet is the basis for most of the outlines. Larger branches may request copies of this material.

    13. Bible reading is also a part of this program. Before completing their first year at Bethel new members of the family are expected to read the complete Christian Creek Scriptures during the first five months and then the Hebrew Scriptures during the remaining seven months.

    14. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS: New members of the family are also given a preliminary series of four lectures relating to Bethel life, work schedule, health, study and other appropriate items. A brief outline of such topics is available on request from the Teaching Committee and can be adjusted by the Branch Committee to tit local needs as desired.

    15. GILEAD SCHOOL This school has been arranged for persons desirous of entering the missionary service and who have spent more than two years in full-time service. For additional details on qualifications, see chapter eight, paragraphs two and .three. The Gilead course covers 20 weeks and provides intensive training in Bible study and organization.

    16. THEOCRATIC MINISTRY SCHOOL: Instructions as to how the School is to be conducted each year appear on page one of each Theocratic Ministry School Schedule. The publications to be used during the school year are also shown therein. Branches may request exceptions as to material covered, if necessary.

    Chapter 24

    Writing Articles for
    "The Watchtower" and "Awake!"

    1. WRITING DESKS: The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses has approved of setting up writing desks on a permanent basis in a number of the Society's branch offices. The objective of the arrangement is: (1) to produce articles that are better adapted to the needs of the world field, and to avoid the ,"American" flavor that results when most articles are produced in the (United States; (2) to include in our journals articles that are most helpful to Christians living under circumstances in various parts of the world, not just those conditions found in the United States; (3) to achieve a redistribution of the writing load; (4) to find additional individuals who are qualified to write and thus give greater diversity to the style of writing in our magazines, while also achieving a broader interest in our publications.

    2. The overseer of the writing desk in the larger branches that have been asked to set up such desks will be responsible to supply finished copy to the writing Department according to the schedule made by the Assignment Desk at Brooklyn. where the assignment is on a part-time basis, he will give it priority over other things when that is necessary. At times these branch representatives of the Writing Department may get in touch with other branches, requesting certain information or special facts not available elsewhere. If this occurs, carbon copies of all such correspondence between branches should be sent to the Writing Department in Brooklyn. Branches that have not been asked to set up a writing desk are encouraged to contribute written copy for The Watchtower and Awake! as they have opportunity. In branches where there is such a desk the brother caring for this work, as the branch representative of the Writing Department in Brooklyn, is considered a reporter for Awake! In branches where no writing desk has been set up, the branch committee coordinator generally is an Awake! reporter. If you have someone who is particularly qualified to write, we would encourage you to try to send in at least one article a year, or more if you are able. If there is no one in your branch territory who has writing ability, you should at least keep alert to what is happening in your part of the world. When an event occurs that would be of interest to your brothers and others in other countries, for example, if an earthquake or other calamity should strike, then you should be quick to tell us about it. If nothing more, you can promptly send us news clippings and your report on such matters.

    3. At times an Awake! reporter may choose to submit through the writing desk a complete article instead of sending a preview outline to Brooklyn. Probably it would be preferable to handle matters in this way when some

    newsworthy event takes place (such as an earthquake or disaster), since we want to publish this material in the earliest possible issue of Awake! Of course, the copy submitted under these circumstances should be well written and ready for publication. First-person news reports based on personal experiences and interviews not only are factual but also have human interest that can never be captured in an article that is based on I other news sources. Be careful about covering political events, since we are neutral as to politics and avoid taking sides. Nevertheless, at times we can report on governmental news that may be of interest to our readers.

    4. Those used as writers must be dedicated, baptized brothers or sisters in good standing with their local congregations and who have writing ability. They should be exemplary, modest, not inclined to talk loosely to others about their writing activity. Sisters may be found to be especially talented in writing articles of interest to women. However, they should not be used to prepare articles that are basically an exposition of Scripture. Whenever anyone is given an assignment to write an article for The Watchtower or Awake!, that person should be given a copy of the memorandum "Writing fo Our Journals." It is not necessary that the person read the booklet Working Together in Unity. However, the one in the branch responsible for sending in the article should be well acquainted with this publication and follow its rules when editing material submitted. This will do much to assure that articles will be usable for publication.

    5. PREPARING MATERIAL: The subjects on which articles may be written are quite varied. Some articles will deal with spiritual matters, and these should be written by brothers. Awake! articles may be on such subjects as commerce, economics, government, national customs, science, religion, geography, various occupations, history, social science, and natural history. Since the articles will be read by people in many lands, the subjects and titles should have broad appeal. They do not have to be about the country where the writer is located, although they may often beneficially contain material that reflects the relationship of that country to the subject. This can be accomplished by doing research in books and periodicals published in that land and by mentioning places and customs peculiar to that country, if it is appropriate to do so. There may be other more resourceful ways to achieve this goal.

    6. Time in which to do the work of writing will vary with the individual. Those who are not in full-time service can work matters out according to the free time they have available. Bethel family members who are given the privilege of writing can be asked whether they are in a position to do this on their own time or will need working hours. Some may be happy to use evening hours, or weekends for this type of work. None, however, should be discouraged from asking permission to use working time for such an assignment. Generally the morning hours rather than late evening hours are the best time for writing. A missionary, special pioneer or regular pioneer can be granted a time allowance by the Branch Committee if this is needed

    to care for a writing assignment. In many cases allowing the equivalent of a work week may suffice for an article. Some assignments may not require that much time, whereas for others more time will be needed. For those in missionary or special pioneer service, it would be best to care for a writing assignment within a single calendar month.

    7. Article previews should be submitted in most cases before an article is written. In a branch having a permanent writing desk, the responsible brother will be expected to work closely with the Writing Department in Brooklyn. In most cases he will submit his suggestions for articles to Brooklyn for approval before proceeding with the actual writing of the articles. This will act 2S a check preventing two branches from preparing articles on the same subject. If ideas for articles are submitted by other individuals in the country, the representative of the Writing Department can attach his own notes to such an article preview when sending it to Brooklyn. The Brooklyn Writing Department may have other suggestions to offer as to what should be incorporated in the article. These article previews should bear the name of the prospective writer as well as the suggested title. They should be dated and should bear the signature of the writing desk representative and of the branch committee coordinator. Generally it is preferred that these previews be in outline form, complete with introduction, body and conclusion. Of course, it is understood that if the article is approved, the writer may make some adjustments in the outline as he works on the subject. Branches that do not have a permanent writing desk are also invited to submit preview outlines for prospective articles, addressing the covering letter to the Assignment Desk, Writing Department, Brooklyn. All article previews may be sent in unnumbered letters, but completed articles should be sent with a numbered covering letter in duplicate.—See 1:73, ,1.

    8. Field experiences and life stories have been used in The Watchtower and Awake! Often the circumstances, attitudes and customs of the people living in the country where these articles originate are reflected in what is written. We should be sure that there is an obvious and worthwhile point made by the experience or the life story. Regarding the qualifications of those featured in life stories, please see the memorandum "Writing for Our Journals."

    9. In addition to suggestions for articles that you would like to write, there may be other articles that you feel would be of value to readers of The Watchtower and Awake! For instance, from time to time subject material for a semi-special issue of one of our journals might be developed. If your writing desk or branch does not feel that it can handle such a subject, feel free to submit outlines for such a semi-special issue and perhaps it can be worked out with cooperation from writing desks in other branches. Also, there may be topics or questions that could be handled in Scriptural articles, though you may not have anyone in your branch territory who is in position to prepare such material. The Writing Department in Brooklyn would be pleased to receive your suggestions.

    10. If you receive worthwhile news clippings, we would appreciate having you send them to the Writing Department in Brooklyn. You can determine the type of items that are likely to be of use by observing the material appearing in "Insight on the News" and "Watching the World." Items from newspapers and magazines as well as quotations from books should be accompanied by the complete name of the author, publication, its publisher and place of origin, its date and page number(s). Kindly indicate the specific article—putting a mark in the margin next to any statements of particular interest—and send it to the Writing Department in Brooklyn in its entirety. Please submit a good English translation for any foreign-language clippings or copies of material that you send to Brooklyn. Kindly direct these letters to the Writing Department, Clippings Desk.

    11. POINTS TO CHECK BEFORE SENDING IN ARTICLES: Before signing and submitting an article to the Writing Department in Brooklyn, the writing desk overseer or an assigned branch committee member (in the case of branches lacking a writing desk) should read the article very carefully. It should have a good title, an interesting introduction, a well-outlined and developed body and a fitting conclusion. The article should be appraised in the light of ~ hat is said in the memorandum Writing for Our Journals. It should be good enough to publish for millions of readers. Also, have in mind the possible effect of the article on the people living in your territory. Sometimes it is best not to say certain things, even though they are true Be careful not to submit material for publication that might cause difficulty for our brothers or for the work in your country. There are many things about which • e can write that will not hurt our work and may actually engender good- ill. Of course, no matter what is written, the truth should be presented. Nevertheless, we can be tactful about how we say things.

    12. DOCUMENTING ARTICLES: When articles are submitted for possible publication in The 'Watchtower or Awake! or as a brochure, booklet, etc., it is important that they be properly documented. Do not simply put a bibliography at the end of the article. Throughout the article, please put reference numbers in brackets at the end of quotations and next to facts, which should be documented. Then attach to the article a separate sheet listing the sources alongside the corresponding numbers. This information is useful to us in many ways and may even determine whether an article can be published or not. With the first reference to each source document, please show the following with regard to books: Full title, author's name, date published, place of publication, volume and/or page numbers. Regarding magazines and newspapers: Full name of publication, a clear statement as to whether it is a magazine or a newspaper (some translators have to know this), city and state and country where published, full date, page number. Subsequent references to the same publication may be abbreviated.

    13. If there are direct quotations from magazines, newspapers, books, or other sources (apart from the Bible) in your article, please submit a

    photocopy, whether the material is in English or any other language. In the latter event, include a translation into English. Keep the original on hand for future use in your branch, as for example in translation. If you are aware that a particular quotation that you use has appeared previously in the Society s publications. please state where it is to be found. Branch Committees can check that the above details are being supplied when sending in articles.

    14. When an article is sent to the Writing Department in Brooklyn it must be accurate in every detail. Basically, that responsibility rests with the writer. We should use as writers only individuals whom we know will do dependable research and present the facts carefully. However, when the branch committee coordinator or (he branch representative of the Writing Department reads ar, article and sees anything at all in it lhat raises a question, this point chould be checked with the original writer, or il should be looked up to make sure that what is said is absolutely right. If lhe point is in error, an approl) ale correction should be made. Similarly. if statements are ambiguous they should be clarified. Matters should be expressed, not only with a view to explaining them, but so that they will not be misunderstood by translators or by readers. Avoid use of expressions having unnecessary political or propagandistic overtones

    15. Where possible photographs or pictures (preferably in color) should be sent along with the article. Photographic negatives and clear slides .are preferred. This material will help the artists to prepare good illustrations and give the article real local color. Photographs should be accompanied by signed releases, as explained in Ihe memorandum "Writing for Our Journals."

    16. Any article that is sent to the Writing Department in Brooklyn should bear the name of the writer. It should also be dated and the name of the branch should be given. In the upper right-hand corner should appear the branch committee coordinator's signature as well as that of the branch representative of the writing Department if you have a writing desk. Such signature(s) would indicate that everything is in order and that the article is approved for publication.

    17. Articles of local interest that have been prepared by your branch for use in certain-language editions of Awake! should be approved first by the Branch Committee. Then, before they are ever scheduled for your magazine, they should be sent, together with a translation into English, to the Writing Committee for approval. Branches translating Awake! may fill an average of up to ten percent of the total pages of their Awake! magazine with local articles, but these must first be approved by the Writing Committee as stated above. There may be exceptions, such as "Watching the World," reports on branch dedication and expansion, publishing a report on your conventions in an early edition (while the information is still "news") or making a report on the brothers' loving actions during some local disaster. In such exceptional cases, you have our permission to publish the article with approval of the Branch Committee only. However, please be careful not to say anything that could put Jehovah's people in a bad light, or cause legal or other problems, in your own country or other countries where your magazine may circulate. Send such articles, together with English translations, clippings (including translation), references, etc., to the Writing Committee. Have in mind that we may also be able to use the material.

    18. All correspondence and articles from branch writing desks will be channeled through the branch committee coordinator, the same as other branch correspondence.

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    . http://communities.msn.co.uk/altJehovahsWitnesses

  • nicolaou
    nicolaou

    [part 5]
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Chapter 25

    Translating

    1. The printed message of the Kingdom deserves the best expression and grammar. For the most part, articles or publications are originally written in the English language and then sent to branches to be translated. The translator should get the true spirit and understanding of the material and then make an accurate translation. You have noted the high quality of the language used in the Watchtower and Awake! magazines. A translation should be of the sarr,e high quality in grammar and in choice of words. Translations of the Society's publications should be understandable, easy to read, and, above all. convey the truth as it is expressed in the original English.

    2. In each branch that handles translation work, the booklet Working Together in Unity should be read by every Branch Committee member and by every translator so that they understand the Society's policy and the relationship between :he writer and the translator and between the translator and the proofreader. The matter of good translation cannot be overstated, and it is essential that when a manuscript is released for composition the manuscript be perfect. Please make all changes in manuscript before it leaves the hands of the translator and proofreaders. The one who will later proofread proofs should also read all copy before release for composition. A proofreader has no right to change the translation. He may make suggestions to the translator, but the translator must decide whether to adopt or .ciect these suggested changes before the translation is released. Two translators usually do not have the same ideas about how to translate the sarre thing. Therefore, the assigned translator or, if necessary, the brothe- in charge of the department should mediate any major queries that need to be settled between translator and proofreader.

    3. EXTRA COPY OF MANUSCRIPT: The translating branch should keep a copy of the manuscript sent to the composing branch. If you have proofread and corrected your manuscript, then your copy should be marked the same. When sending your manuscript, please put a note with it advising whether you have an exact copy.

    4. HANDLING TRANSLATIONS: Usually in the annual letter from the Governing Body to the branches it is stated what books or other publications may be translated, and into what languages. If this approval is granted then a branch may go ahead with the translation, but if you do not get started on this for a year or more, please write the Writing Committee for approval. Similarly, before initiating the translation of any other publication, or of a magazine in a new language, you should first obtain approval. As you begin translation of any new publication, please send a letter to the Writing Committee with a copy to the Factory Committee and the composing branch, giving the name of the publication, the language, and the date when you expect to mail them the manuscript or photographic materials.

    5. Generally, the translation of any book should be done by one person so that terms and expressions will be uniform; others should proofread it carefully. On a major project such as the Bible or the Aid book, more than, one translator may be used if you first get the approval of the Writing Committee. Before any translated copy is sent to the composing branch, it should be signed by the translator and a qualified member of the Branch Committee, or a capable brother designated by the Branch Committee, as having final approval.

    6. TRACTS: Folders or tracts may be translated into any language after obtaining approval from the Writing Committee. However,. do not translate material that will be of no value to your country. The Branch Committee should be selective in recommending material that will be best suited for the territory. In new languages, you may wish to start out with a tract. Then you will see how your translator does. After that translate a 32-page booklet or brochure. If this is favorably received by the public then translate more booklets, brochures, and eventually magazines or books.

    7. NEW WORLD TRANSLATION: The New World Translation of (he Holy Scriptures w ill not be translated into any language other than those approved and arranged for by the Writing Committee. If you do not have the New World Translation in your language your translator should have been instructed that when translating magazines or books he should translate the New World Translation scriptures quoted in the publications and keep a file of these particular scriptures in his language. In this way we will always be translating such scriptures the same way in the future. This file should be always handy to the translator. Eventually he will have made a translation of thousands of texts, and it will prove to be a convenience to the translator to copy the scripture from this file instead of always doing it anew. If duplicate files are kept for use by other translators, all of these should be kept up to date.

    8. This is not to say that every scripture from the New World Translation appearing in the publications must be translated. If you have a good modern translation in the local language that brings out the general meaning just as well as the New World Translation, use it. However, if there is an advantage somehow in using the New World Translation, as when a particular point in question is brought out by the New World Translation, then it should be used, and the whole text should be translated as it appears in the publication. If just one word or phrase is inserted in the text from the New World Translation, then it should be placed in brackets [ ], and the New World Translation cited in italics as the source inside the brackets. For example: "The Lord [Jehovah, NW] is my shepherd."

    9. TRANSLATING MATERIAL FOR THE WATCHTOWER AND AWAKE!: Many editions of The Watchtower and Awake! are now published simultaneously with the-English. As soon as approved copy for the English magazines is available, this is air-mailed to the translation branches that handle simultaneous publication. It is then up to these branches to translate, proofread, and send perfect copy or diskettes to the composing branches on schedule. Branches that are unable to share in simultaneous publication will have to stay far enough behind the English issues so that printing schedules can be met. But if your circumstances permit simultaneous publication and you have approval to do this, fine.

    10. Please furnish the printing branch copy for all ads and announcements with the translation. This will keep your magazines up to date, as they should be, and it will avoid a last-minute rush of trying to get announcements in.

    11. On the second page of The Watchtower and Awake! appears the average number of copies printed of that edition in all languages. This figure is usually updated with the first issue of each year, and you should match the latest figure in the English magazine. The translator and proofreader should be alert to keep this page up to date in all respects. including addresses and prices. Do not let it get out of date.

    12. WHAT TO PRINT l~ THE WATCHTOWER AND AWAKE!: The Watchtower should always carry the study articles regardless of language or number of pages. Some magazines are of only sixteen pages and therefore you can print only the study articles plus some filler material. Furthermore, some Watchtower editions of sixteen pages in different languages are printed only once a month; so some study articles must be skipped. The Writing Committee sends out letters, usually in November and May each year, instructing which study articles are recommended for translating and publishing in monthly editions. Where The Watchtower is published twice a month, then, of course, the study articles will always be published. As to other material to put in selection should be made by the Branch Committee, not by the translators. Your preference should be for those Watchtower secondary articles that will be most beneficial in your field. If an announcement or other short item, in the English Watchtower or Awake! does not apply in your area, or if you need fillers, please make use of Yearbook experiences or items from the Aid book.

    13. In the event that Awake! is published only monthly, or not at all in a language, you may select material from the English Awake! which you believe would be of benefit, substituting this in your Watchtower for secondary articles that may be less applicable to the people of your country. However, this should be done only in exceptional cases.-Generally the articles thus selected should be articles that are spiritually upbuilding, rather than those of a purely secular nature, so as to be in harmony with the general makeup of The Watchtower.

    14. As to the Awake! magazine, selection of articles to be translated

    should be made by the Branch Committee, or they at least should approve the selection before translation. Where we cannot publish all the material that appears in the English Watchtower or Awake!, then the best for the territory should be selected.

    15. In foreign-language editions of Awake! the Branch Committee may wish to use a few local items for "Watching the World." However, due to the danger of publishing something that might cause problems in countries where that language edition will circulate, you should submit an English language translation of the item to the Writing Committee for approval, before publishing it. In place of "Watching the World" you may want to translate articles from Awake! that would otherwise be missed.

    16. The two issues ofThe Watchtower that deal with the text for the coming year and the detailed report for the past service year should be published simultaneosly or as early as possible in foreign-language editions of The Watchtower.

    17. SECONDARY AND FILLER MATERIAL: When translated material is sent to a printing branch sufficient copy should be sent in for the whole magazine, that is, enough copy to fill all the pages. Original copy should include all copy assoc ated with illustrations, charts or other items not part of the text, such as captions and illustrations. This permits completing the magazine, including any artwork, without delaying some items until second page proofs. It never hurts to have a surplus of copy, especially in the form of fillers, short items three to twenty lines long, because fillers can be used in a following issue i. here is a shortage of material.

    18. Any translated material sent in for a particular edition should be marked for that issue. The Branch Committee should decide, too. what articles should go in ;. e magazines as filler material, and see to it that they are translated and that copy is all mailed at one time.

    l9. TEXTUAL ADJUSTMENTS: Unless otherwise noted, adjustments listed on notices from Broo~lvn are intended to be made only on publications 5till in process at the traaslating branch for first printing. Any requests for permission to adjust a major translation error in a later printing should be addressed to the Writing Committee, describing the nature of tne error. Publisher's and b anch address pages and advertisements should be changed to reflect current information and availability in reprint quantities of 50,000 and up. Translating branches ordering reprints should submit film (or copy) for any advertisement adjustments and latest branch address listing with orders.

    20. THE TRANSLATOR S RESPONSIBILITY: Serious responsibility rests upon a translator. He must see that what is published in the English Watchtower is translated clearly and exactly for a foreign-language edition. He is not the author. He should strive to convey precisely the ideas of the author. He has no liberty to insert his own ideas. If, because of lack of space or to keep type size readable, something must be taken out of an article, then

    it is the responsibility of the Branch Committee to tell the translator what should be deleted. Harm may not be done by not saying something, but great harm can be done by someone's putting in his own ideas, especially if these are not in accord with the truth.

    21. A translator does not have the privilege to summarize a paragraph and put it in his own words. The work of a translator is to get the exact thought of the author and set it out in another tongue. Therefore, a translator must be a trustworthy and faithful person in presenting what the author has stated. If any major changes are necessary, then it is best for the Branch Committee to get in touch with the Writing Committee. For the translator to present his ideas or summarize an article is just like his writing it. He is giving his interpretation of the ideas, not the whole expression. A translator is always to endeavor to give the exact thought content as expressed by the author.

    22. The brother responsible for assigning articles for translation should have in mind the background and capabilities of the translators. Thus sisters may be the more capable in translating articles about the home, women s occupations, the beauties of creation and the like. Articles on the Christian congregation, duties of elders, teaching, counseling, field service, etc., could be better translated by brothers who are well acquainted with these fields, if capable brothers are available for such translation. However, there may be some articles that deal with Scriptural matters of a general nature that might be translated by either a brother or a sister.

    23. In some branches, sisters do a great amount of the translation work. However, it is preferable where circumstances permit for a capable brother to read final translated copy, and the sisters should respect his judgment in the event he requests any changes that he believes may be necessary for accuracy of translation. In the event the translation of a passage presents a problem with regard to doctrine, policy or mode of expression, he may wish to consult with the Branch Committee to have the problem resolved. While we value the devoted work of our sisters on translation, the principle of headship requires that brothers must decide, after weighing the pros and cons on problems that may arise, and we believe the sisters will respect this divine arrangement.

    24. TRANSLATION PROBLEMS: At times certain words and expressions appear in the English text that are difficult for people to understand in some other parts of the earth. For example, where "ice cream" is unknown, the translator may wish to recommend using some local delicacy that will delight the children. Similarly, there may be unfamiliar animals, flowers, plants, etc., that it would be better to change to something that will be understood locally. Hence, if the translator comes upon words and expressions he believes would present a problem, alterations in the text may be made as follows:

    25. For dated publications, such as The Watchtower, Awake! or Our Kingdom Ministry, the translator should submit his suggestions for changes

    to the local Branch Committee. If the Committee approves, he may then insert the changes, and the Committee should report the changes to the Writing Committee.

    26. For undated material such as books, booklets and other publications of a permanent nature, the translator should submit his recommendations to the Branch Committee and they, in turn, can send these to the Writing Committee for approval before the changes are made.

    27. Changes in artwork should be handled in the same manner. If the Branch Committee feels it is advisable to substitute, for example, an African for a Westerner, and a brother or sister is available to do first-class work, such changes can be made as outlined above for text changes. Hence, if the artwork Is in dated publications the Branch Committee may give the approval. A printed copy of the altered page, with the original attached, should be sent to the Writing Committee. If, on the other hand, the change in artwork is to be done in an undated publication, then the suggested adjustment, with a preliminary art drawing, should first be submitted to the Writing Committee for approval.

    28. QUARTERLY EDITIONS OF AWAKE!: These are now being published in a number of languages where semimonthly or monthly editions cannot be prepared. They are proving to be a fine stimulus in many territories not previously served b~ Awake!, including places where there are restrictions on our work. They are not listed on page two of Awake! as Editions Available by Mail, on a subscription basis, but are available as distributors orders only. The cost is the same as for the regular editions. If they are exportable by the printing branches, they are listed in the Cost List and in the mailing lists sent to the branches.

    29. REGULARITY OF PUBLICATION: The languages into which The Watchtower and Awake! are to be translated and printed must be approved by the Writing Committee. If it is once decided that a magazine will be published once a month or twice a month, then the translation must come through regularly. Subscribers expect it and have paid for it. It should come through on schedule and the printing should be done according to schedule.

    30. Branches that believe that parts of their territory could be served well by a quarterly Awake! in an additional language are encouraged to write their recommendations to the Writing Committee.

    31. LISTING BIBLE TRANSLATIONS: On page two of your magazines, or on the publishers page of books, booklets, etc., you should indicate which Bible translation is used primarily. Where you have the New World Translation in your language you may follow what is done in recent English publications. Otherwise, you may use the translation that you consider to be the best in your language, stating: "Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations in this book [or magazine, etc.] are from the translation. Where NW is shown following a quotation, it indicates that the translation is made from the English-language New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, New Edition of [date]." Of course, the latest edition of the New World Translation will normally be used. Where you quote primarily from the New World Translation and do not have this in your own language you can state: "Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations in this book [or magazine, etc.]" are translated from the English-language New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, New Edition of [date].~

    Chapter 27

    Zone Overseer Service

    1. When it is conveniently possible, a zone overseer visit will be arranged for each branch approximately once a year. The zone overseer is sent out as a representative of the Governing Body to aid the branch volunteers in handling their assignments and to see that matters are being conducted in accord with the Scriptures, and in harmony with directions from the Governing Body. He may be a member of the Governing Body or another qualified brother. During the visit the zone overseer is accessible to all members of the Bethel family for discussion on work that is done at the branch, or on personal matters on which help is required by the individual.

    2. During the visit a talk will be given to local Kingdom publishers at a place and time arranged for by the Branch Committee. The time should be one that is convenient to the majority of the publishers who will be invited to attend.

    3. During his stay at the branch the zone overseer will meet with the Branch Committee who will be prepared to discuss questions or problems affecting the Kingdom work in the territory assigned to that branch. There will also be a meeting with one or more of the traveling overseers in the country in order to consider the conditions in the field and the congregations. Also, if there are missionaries in the country, there will usually be a meeting of those having missionary status with the zone overseer unless you are advised otherwise. Where convenient, this may be followed by a special meal for them with the Bethel family and the Branch Committee and their wives in the truth. In some places due to the distance and expense involved in bringing all of the missionaries to one location, you may arrange another place for them to meet with the zone overseer, perhaps on his inbound or outward-bound trip. (See also 8:41.) The Branch Committee will arrange for these things.

    4. The zone overseer will be able to observe whether correct procedures are being followed in each branch that is visited and before leaving the visited branch will make suggestions as necessary to assist in providing for conformity to the Scriptures and the branch procedures. He will be especially interested in the spiritual condition of the branch field and in helping to build up the spirituality of the flock. It will be his responsibility to leave with the branch a letter setting out his observations and recommendations, together with a copy of the completed Questionnaire for Zone Overseer's Visit. He should make it clear that the Branch Committee should follow through on his report in making their own specific recommendations to the Governing Body. The zone overseer should forward to the Governing Body a copy of the above letter to the branch together with the original set of Questionnaire sheets. At the same time, in a separate letter, he may advise the Governing Body of any matters and observations of a more confidential nature.

    5. The wife of the zone overseer may travel with him at the Societys expense if they so desire whenever the trip will require fifteen Bethel working days or more. She will be assigned work during the regular working hours in the field service with local publishers or in a Bethel home or branch according to the circumstances. For any trips on Society business requiring less than fifteen Bethel working days, any working days that are used by a wife in traveling with her husband will be counted as vacation days and her travel would not be at the Society's expense. The same principle would apply in the case of wives in full-time service of other representatives of the Society such as missionaries, circuit or district overseers, members of a Branch Committee and Bethel family who may be sent out on special assignments that require them to be away from their regular assignments for fifteen Bethel working days or more.

    6. By having a thorough discussion of the activities of the branch and the work in the field, there should be a stimulation of Kingdom activities and improvement in the service that is provided to the brothers throughout the world through the branch organizations. The Branch Committees can aid the zone overseer in covering all the important matters by having their data and questions thoroughly prepared ahead of time and available to the zone overseer immediately upon his arrival at the branch. The Questionnaire for Zone Overseer's visit to Branches (A-26) should be filled out in duplicate I prior to his arrival.

    7. While he is with a branch, the zone overseer will usually preside at the Bethel table and he ~-!ill preside at the Branch Committee meeting(s) held during his visit.

    Chapter 28

    Responsibility of Branch
    Committee Members

    1. The first responsibility of each member of a Branch Committee is to Jehovah God. He must appreciate his relationship to his Maker and he must give him exclusive devotion. Doing this, he will want to be faithful in Jehovah's organization and his service to his brothers. He will recognize, too, that Jehovah places members in the body as it pleases him. Having been placed in the position of a member of a Branch Committee, he will certainly want to be faithful in his service. At no time should a branch committee member get the attitude that he is very important and thus can never be replaced, because if that attitude exists he will not be of genuine benefit to his brothers and in due time may have to be replaced. It is especially important that members of the Branch Committee cooperate together, thus setting the proper example.—Ps. 133:1; Phil. 2:2-4.

    2. DEALING WITH PEOPLE: The attitude of the branch committee member should be one of friendliness and loving-kindness in dealing with his brothers as well as with businessmen and officials. In some instances he may be a stranger in the country where he serves. If so, he should recognize that the people of that country have a measure of pride in their land, their culture and their manner of doing things. They were raised to appreciate the things around them. They rightly feel they are just as good as other people in the world. Whether a foreigner to the country or not, a branch committee member should never take the position that the people he serves are ignorant, or that they are below standard, and thus speak to them as inferiors, but, rather, he must deal with them in kindness and try to please them. He must maintain a good reputation on behalf of his heavenly Masters and set a good example at all times in work, morals and field service.

    3. Officials in small countries generally feel as proud of their country as do those in large countries. They do not like to have anyone speak ill of them and make them feel inferior. You can get good results by being kind, loving, peaceful, self-controlled, showing the Christian spirit and being decent to people. Causing friction and using strong, harsh language against anyone causes distrust. Branch committee members should learn to always control their spirit and keep alert when doing business with officials, businessmen or anybody else. Keep in mind that officials have the right to say who goes into their countries and who may live there. It is not our business to tell them how to run the country. We may be able to have missionaries there and do many things only because of their kind consideration. Let us show appreciation. If you do that you will always get better results. Always be tactful and remember it is Kingdom interests we are interested in primarily.
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    end

    . http://communities.msn.co.uk/altJehovahsWitnesses

  • nicolaou
    nicolaou

    whew!

  • Kismet
    Kismet

    That looks awfully similar to the Branch Organziation Book.

    Essentially a handbook for forming and creating a New branch Office. It is supplimented with the Branch memorandum binder which is given to each new Bethelite along with their copy of "Dwelling Together In Unity".

    I am sure they won't like having it posted on the net.... (I belive it is available in zip format at other sites. Kents?) snicker Looks good on them!! Thanks for posting it.

    I am going to have to dig up the e-version I took with me when I left bethel to see if it is the same.

    Kismet

  • Norm
    Norm

    It looks like the publication, Branch Office Procedure" which there is supposed to be only one copy of in each branch office.

    Norm.

  • MacHislopp
    MacHislopp

    Hello Nicolau,

    thanks for the post. It is the "Branch
    Procedure...". I had it on Zip/form but this way it is
    faster (I'made a paper copy, pol. 16) which meant in
    a practical way 77 pages!

    Greetings, J.C.MacHislopp

  • nicolaou
    nicolaou

    Thanks for keeping me informed guys.
    So how about a closer look at this 'Branch Office Procedure' then?

    This caught my eye:

    13. PERSONAL DECISIONS: Often individuals in the congregations may ask the Society's opinion on matters that actually require personal decisions. They may ask what to do under certain circumstances involving neutrality, marriage, divorce, employment, etc. If the person does not know what to do from his own knowledge of the Bible, then it is wiser not to take the responsibility from him by telling him what to do. A person's conscience must be trained and we are not in a position to dictate to another person's conscience. Let the Bible do the talking and let each one prove to himself what he wants to do and what his faith is.—Gal. 6:4, 5

    "But Brother, my conscience won't allow me to let my daughter die for the sake of a couple of pints of blood - why are you dictating what I should do"?

    "Brother, I've listened to what the Bible has to say and it doesn't support much of the doctrine I grew up with. I've proven to myself what my faith is - that's a good thing isn't it?"

    Let's get real, this document is just more mind control but this time for the 'higher ups'!

    Nic'

    . http://communities.msn.co.uk/altJehovahsWitnesses

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