Terry: The key to understanding the Rutherford years is pretty much tied up in the personality of J.F. Rutherford and his relationships with others. He was a slash and burn leader with fulminations, expostulations, and no recriminations.
That is true.
I also think that key to understanding the Rutherford years is looking at how it played out against the social and poilitical backdrop of its time.
At the same time that the Rutherford/Covington/Moyle drama was being played out in the American legal system, the "children of the king" were standing up in schoolrooms refusing to salute the flag. And, over in Germany, Erich Frost was turning in the WT people he didn't like to the Nazis. (Instead of Covington in the court room, the German Watchtower, in 1933, employed two lawyers who were members of the Nazi party.)
Historians state several resons why the JWs in the German camps were treated better after 1942 - mainly, the intervention of Heinrich's widow and Dr. Kersten - but, another event that was critical, I think, was Rutherford's death. And the taking over of the WTS presidency by Nathan Knorr - a man with wealthy family connections in Germany.
In 1942, the control of the WTS changed from a bully who was a mortal enemy of Hitler to a man with German roots and influence.