@John_mann - it's 35mm diameter.
A split can be seen on the top and bottom edges where the silk thread would have passed through.
Posts by cofty
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9Papal Bulla - Latest Metal Detecting Find
by cofty ini was out detecting this evening for an hour after work and found this amazing bit of history.. it is a lead seal that originated on a document from pope martin v at some time between 1417 and 1431. these official documents were called papal bulls and were dispatched to all the parishes in the medieval empire.
this example has later been made into a spindle whorl which is why it has a hole through the centre.
lead whorls were used before spinning wheels were invented to make yarn of sheep's wool.. the inscription "spaspe" stands for "sanctus paulus sanctus petrus" and the two busts are of paul and peter.. the reverse has "martinus pp.
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9
Papal Bulla - Latest Metal Detecting Find
by cofty ini was out detecting this evening for an hour after work and found this amazing bit of history.. it is a lead seal that originated on a document from pope martin v at some time between 1417 and 1431. these official documents were called papal bulls and were dispatched to all the parishes in the medieval empire.
this example has later been made into a spindle whorl which is why it has a hole through the centre.
lead whorls were used before spinning wheels were invented to make yarn of sheep's wool.. the inscription "spaspe" stands for "sanctus paulus sanctus petrus" and the two busts are of paul and peter.. the reverse has "martinus pp.
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cofty
On 1 March 1420, Pope Martin V issued a Bull inviting all Christians to unite in a crusade against the Wycliffites, Hussites, and other heretics - Wiki
This appears to be the only Bull he is known for which puts a good date on the object.
Did the Watchtower not claim Jan Huss and John Wycliffe as two of the "anointed"?
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9
Papal Bulla - Latest Metal Detecting Find
by cofty ini was out detecting this evening for an hour after work and found this amazing bit of history.. it is a lead seal that originated on a document from pope martin v at some time between 1417 and 1431. these official documents were called papal bulls and were dispatched to all the parishes in the medieval empire.
this example has later been made into a spindle whorl which is why it has a hole through the centre.
lead whorls were used before spinning wheels were invented to make yarn of sheep's wool.. the inscription "spaspe" stands for "sanctus paulus sanctus petrus" and the two busts are of paul and peter.. the reverse has "martinus pp.
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cofty
I was out detecting this evening for an hour after work and found this amazing bit of history.
It is a lead seal that originated on a document from Pope Martin V at some time between 1417 and 1431. These official documents were called Papal Bulls and were dispatched to all the parishes in the Medieval empire.
This example has later been made into a spindle whorl which is why it has a hole through the centre. Lead whorls were used before spinning wheels were invented to make yarn of sheep's wool.
The inscription "SPASPE" stands for "Sanctus Paulus Sanctus Petrus" and the two busts are of Paul and Peter.
The reverse has "Martinus PP. V" where PP stands for Papa. It is astonishing to hold such an important object that was lost just a few hundred yards from where I am now and hasn't been seen for 600 years.
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205
Mathematically Measuring Evolution.
by towerwatchman inmathematically measuring evolution.. when judging relationships in terms of morphological characteristics we will always be bound by the subjective.
morphologically one cannot exactly measure the distance between two organisms strictly in mathematical terms.
using the standard method of taxonomy we cannot quantify the difference between a horse and a mouse, or know which is closer mouse to cat, or mouse to fish.
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cofty
He is a total waste of everybody's time.
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205
Mathematically Measuring Evolution.
by towerwatchman inmathematically measuring evolution.. when judging relationships in terms of morphological characteristics we will always be bound by the subjective.
morphologically one cannot exactly measure the distance between two organisms strictly in mathematical terms.
using the standard method of taxonomy we cannot quantify the difference between a horse and a mouse, or know which is closer mouse to cat, or mouse to fish.
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cofty
I posted this as irrefutable proof your OP is nonsense. You have yet to acknowledge it.
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205
Mathematically Measuring Evolution.
by towerwatchman inmathematically measuring evolution.. when judging relationships in terms of morphological characteristics we will always be bound by the subjective.
morphologically one cannot exactly measure the distance between two organisms strictly in mathematical terms.
using the standard method of taxonomy we cannot quantify the difference between a horse and a mouse, or know which is closer mouse to cat, or mouse to fish.
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cofty
I know a great deal about genetics. If we didn't have a single fossil we learn everything about evolution just from comparative genetics.
You are too ignorant of the topic - and too arrogant - to hold a useful conversation.
I have posted tons of evidence to refute your superstitious bullshit but like all creationists you are too dishonest to even acknowledge it. You are the least interesting person the forum has had for a long time.
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The Modern Mind
by towerwatchman inwe believe in marx freud and darwin.
we believe everything is ok as long as you don’t hurt anyone to the best of your definition of hurt, and to the best of your knowledge.. we believe in sex before, during, and after marriage.. we believe in the therapy of sin.. we believe that adultery is fun.. we believe that sodomy’s ok.. we believe that taboos are taboo.. we believe that everything’s getting better despite evidence to the contrary.. the evidence must be investigated, and you can prove anything with evidence.. we believe there’s something in horoscopes, ufo’s and bent spoons.. jesus was a good man just like buddha, mohammed, and ourselves.. he was a good moral teacher though we think, his good morals were bad.. we believe that all religions are basically the same-at least the one that we read was.. they all believe in love and goodness.. they only differ on matters of creation, sin, heaven, hell, god, and salvation.. we believe that after death comes the nothing, because when you ask the dead what happens.
they say nothing.. if death is not the end, if the dead have lied, then its compulsory heaven for all excepting perhaps.
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cofty
The arrogance of some christians is astonishing.
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Evolution is a Fact #27 - Monkeys, Typewriters, Shakespeare, 747s etc.
by cofty inmost creationist arguments can be summarised as "complexity, complexity, complexity - therefore god".
we have all heard the illustrations about the odds of (insert favourite example) evolving, being less than 10,000 monkeys typing macbeth by pure chance.
evolution is not like that.
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cofty
to have perfect selection in one generation, you had to pay the price of the elimination of the other 9,999 in that same generation (destroying your population) for the evolutionary scenario to work. - Hooby
This is just gibberish.
I'm tempted to leave it there but I won't.
Take the example mentioned in the OP. (Did you bother to read it?)
In birds who see UV light a point mutation has occurred at position 90 on the SWS opsin gene changing the first letter from "AGC" which produces the amino acid serine to "TGC" which produces cysteine. This single substitution slightly changes the physical shape of the protein molecule changing its sensitivity from violet light with wavelengths of 405 nm to ultraviolet at 360-370 nm.
The first bird to experience that mutation would have the advantage of being better able to spot caterpillars with UV markings. Let's say it was part of a local breeding population of 10,000 birds.
All the other 9,999 birds would continue to survive and breed successfully, but our UV-sensing bird would on average leave more descendants than the others. The difference would only be measurable over many generations but the percentage of birds in the population with this mutation would gradually tend towards 100%.
Natural selection preserves advantageous changes in the gene-pool - unless of course the first UV-sensitive bird got eaten by a sparrowhawk before it got time to breed. Such is life.
Measuring the rate of mutations and their effects on a population is a field of research with some of the most amazing mathematical minds in science. What are the chances somebody who has never read a book about the evidence for evolution has spotted something basic that they all missed?
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98
Evolution Deniers - An Endangered Species
by cofty inevolution explains how everything descended from a common ancestor over millions of years.
creationists only seem to want to talk about what came before that common ancestor.
just for the sake of discussion let's pretend that the following is true.
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cofty
Yes Redvip sadly creationism is alive and well in the old colony. In the UK most Christians who describe themselves as "bible-believing" or evangelical would not accept that humans evolved from non-human ancestors.
More traditional C of E and catholics generally have no problem with it although some of them tend to muddy the waters when it comes to the origin of humans.
The real point of my OP is that common ancestry of all living things is an established fact that stands alone regardless of questions about the origin of life or cosmic origins.
Evolution does not belong to atheism.
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98
Evolution Deniers - An Endangered Species
by cofty inevolution explains how everything descended from a common ancestor over millions of years.
creationists only seem to want to talk about what came before that common ancestor.
just for the sake of discussion let's pretend that the following is true.
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cofty
I hope this doesn't lead to 50 pages of Roman Catholic dogma about souls but it probably will.
How fucking depressing!