By the fourth century, teachings were so diverse it was not clear what was "Christian"and what was not. Constantine asked for the Christians to settle the matter, and the Nicene Creed was the result. A big "losing" doctrine was Arianism. It is apparent that any central authority, if it ever existed, was gone by then.
I disagree. The Bishops of Rome had been established for hundreds of years. Peter was the first, then Linus and so on. I wonder when, exactly the 'great apostasy' happened. Which Bishop of Rome was in charge. Arianism wasn't a just a big losing doctrine. It was heresy. How do we know? For those of us who believe the bible is the word of God, the proof is in the bible when Jesus told Peter that he was the rock that Jesus would build HIS church on. He also said that the gates of hell would NEVER overcome it. The first 40 Bishops of Rome follow. It is also interesting to note that although there have been several 'anti-popes', none of them have changed the churches doctrine. Respectfully, DC
- St. Peter (32-67)
- St. Linus (67-76)
- St. Anacletus (Cletus) (76-88)
- St. Clement I (88-97)
- St. Evaristus (97-105)
- St. Alexander I (105-115)
- St. Sixtus I (115-125) Also called Xystus I
- St. Telesphorus (125-136)
- St. Hyginus (136-140)
- St. Pius I (140-155)
- St. Anicetus (155-166)
- St. Soter (166-175)
- St. Eleutherius (175-189)
- St. Victor I (189-199)
- St. Zephyrinus (199-217)
- St. Callistus I (217-22) Callistus and the following three popes were opposed by St. Hippolytus , antipope (217-236)
- St. Urban I (222-30)
- St. Pontain (230-35)
- St. Anterus (235-36)
- St. Fabian (236-50)
- St. Cornelius (251-53) Opposed by Novatian , antipope (251)
- St. Lucius I (253-54)
- St. Stephen I (254-257)
- St. Sixtus II (257-258)
- St. Dionysius (260-268)
- St. Felix I (269-274)
- St. Eutychian (275-283)
- St. Caius (283-296) Also called Gaius
- St. Marcellinus (296-304)
- St. Marcellus I (308-309)
- St. Eusebius (309 or 310)
- St. Miltiades (311-14)
- St. Sylvester I (314-35)
- St. Marcus (336)
- St. Julius I (337-52)
- Liberius (352-66) Opposed by Felix II , antipope (355-365)
- St. Damasus I (366-83) Opposed by Ursicinus, antilast for ALL ages.pope (366-367)
- St. Siricius (384-99)
- St. Anastasius I (399-401)