EverApostate wrote:
Do you [Jews] believe there were Messiahs in the past AND /OR would appear in future [?]
Good question, EverApostate.
First, Jews don't "believe in" things like Christians do. We don't have tenets of faith or doctrines that we are required to believe in to be Jews. Judaism is a religion of practice, not of belief. One is Jew by birth, by blood. Some can convert to become a member of the tribe, but there is no assent to a creed.
Next, the word "messiah" means someone who has been "anointed" or been publicly appointed to act in a certain office of oversight. Sometimes this office was as a priest in the Temple. Most of the time, the word "messiah" referred to the person ruiling as king. Every king that ruled in Israel while we still used the monarchy system of government in Israel was a "messiah."
But will there be a "promised Messiah" as Judaism speaks of in the Gemara and other texts that came after the Hebrew Bible was completed, a teaching picked up by the followers of Jesus of Nazareth who are known as Christians?
Some Jews hold that there will be a literal Messiah or set of Messiah figures in the future, a monarch or a monarch and a priest, who will restore Israel to its glory days. But other Jews, like myself, feel that no one in Israel or the world would ever allow a king or any other type of monarch to rule them. The day of monarchies are long past gone. People won't allow themselves to be ruled by kings and queens anymore. Even the age of denominational divides and rabbinical authorities has come to an end in Judaism. We live in a post-denominational, post-rabbinal Jewish world. How can we possibly expect to see a literal monarch Messiah come and redeem Israel?
So many Jews see the Messiah as a personifaction of a hope, of a day when humanity will conquer war, sickness, poverty, and all of its worst enemies. We, all of humanity, will rule over all that is evil and bring redemption and peace to our world. We have the ability. We have been created to evolve into such a species. The Jewish principle of Tikkun Olam and the hope of Olam Ha Ba point to this.