The appearance of the dreaded [] brackets...

by AuldSoul 20 Replies latest watchtower bible

  • AuldSoul
    AuldSoul

    From an anonymous contributor (unless she chooses otherwise):

    Acts 20:25-30 — “And now, look! I know that all of YOU among whom I went preaching the kingdom will see my face no more. Hence I call YOU to witness this very day that I am clean from the blood of all men, for I have not held back from telling YOU all the counsel of God. Pay attention to yourselves and to all the flock, among which the holy spirit has appointed YOU overseers, to shepherd the congregation of God, which he purchased with the blood of his own [Son]. I know that after my going away oppressive wolves will enter in among YOU and will not treat the flock with tenderness, and from among YOU yourselves men will rise and speak twisted things to draw away the disciples after themselves.

    Other translations translate this "...with his own blood."

    Respectfully,
    AuldSoul

  • TD
    TD

    I remember Acts 20:28 being discussed on b-greek awhile back:

    http://www.ibiblio.org/bgreek/test-archives/html4/1999-03/30484.html

  • AuldSoul
    AuldSoul

    Thanks, TD!

    So, in short, according to that argument the Greek supports the understanding only with theological consideration, but the scholar also noted that it could be that the deified Jesus was the one spoken of as having bought his church with his own blood. But we have no shortage of Scriptures which show plainly which person the congregations belong to, or what Jesus bought us with:

    Ephesians 5:21-33 — Be in subjection to one another in fear of Christ. Let wives be in subjection to their husbands as to the Lord, because a husband is head of his wife as the Christ also is head of the congregation, he being a savior of [this] body. In fact, as the congregation is in subjection to the Christ, so let wives also be to their husbands in everything. Husbands, continue loving YOUR wives, just as the Christ also loved the congregation and delivered up himself for it, that he might sanctify it, cleansing it with the bath of water by means of the word, that he might present the congregation to himself in its splendor, not having a spot or a wrinkle or any of such things, but that it should be holy and without blemish. In this way husbands ought to be loving their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself, for no man ever hated his own flesh; but he feeds and cherishes it, as the Christ also does the congregation, because we are members of his body. “For this reason a man will leave [his] father and [his] mother and he will stick to his wife, and the two will become one flesh.” This sacred secret is great. Now I am speaking with respect to Christ and the congregation. Nevertheless, also, let each one of YOU individually so love his wife as he does himself; on the other hand, the wife should have deep respect for her husband.
    Colossians 1:18 — and he is the head of the body, the congregation.
    Respectfully,
    AuldSoul
  • M.J.
    M.J.

    Philippians 2:9

    "For this very reason also God exalted him to a superior position and kindly gave him the name that is above every [other] name." [NWT]

    "For this reason also, God highly exalted Him, and bestowed on Him the name which is above every name," [NASB]

  • Leolaia
    Leolaia

    TD....To be fair, this is an ambiguous sentence in the Greek and scholars have debated the matter on both sides. Of course, the Society always choses the render ambiguous texts in a way that conforms to their theology. Overall, the evidence favors Jesus being identified as God but the other possibility is not ruled out.

    Here is Richard Bauckham's discussion of the verse in this commentary:

    "Does this phrase refer to two persons ("our God and the Savior Jesus Christ") or one ("our God and Savior Jesus Christ")? The absence of the article before sótéros ("Savior") favors the latter, but is not decisive (cf. the similar problems in Titus 2:13, Jude 4). Some scholars therefore think the phrase intends to distinguish God and Jesus (Plumptre, Mayor, Windisch, Käsemann, 'Apologia,' 183 n.2), but a large majority think that theou ("God") is here used of Jesus. The following arguments favor this view:(1) Elsewhere in the letter the writer uses the similarly constructed phrase tou kuriou hémón kai sótéros Iésou Khristou ("our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ": 1:11, 3:18; cf. 2:20, 3:2), where there is no doubt that the whole phrase refers to Jesus Christ. When, however, this writer wishes to distinguish the two persons, in 1:2, the construction is different: tou theou kai Iésou tou kuriou hémón ("of God and Jesus our Lord"). (2) The doxology addressed to Christ in 3:18 is consistent with a Christology in which theos ("God") can be used of Christ. (3) Perhaps also the usage should be seen as part of the writer's use of Hellenistic religious language (Fornberg, Early Church, 143).

    "The arguments against this view are not convincing: (1) The two persons are distinguished in 1:2. But the use of a binitarian formula in the salutation of a Christian letter was traditional, whereas in v. 1 the writer is probably composing more freely. (2) Käsemann ('Apologia,' 183 n.2) argues that since the stereotyped Christological formula (used in 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 18) is 'our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ,' the use of theou ("God") here must be intended to distinguish the persons. But there is no reason why variations on the stereotypical formula should not be used. (3) theos ("God") is rarely used of Jesus in the NT. There are a small number of certain instances (John 1:1, 20:28; Heb. 1:8-9; cf. John 1:18 v.1.) and a number of texts where theos may, with varying degrees of probability, be used of Jesus (Titus 2:13; 1 John 5:20; Rom. 9:5; 2 Thes. 1:12) (on these texts see V. Taylor, 'Does the New Testament Call Jesus 'God'?" in New Testament Essays [London: Epworth, 1970] 83-89; R. E. Brown, 'Does the New Testament Call Jesus God?' in Jesus God and Man [London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1968] 1-38; A. W. Wainwright, The Trinity in the New Testament [London, S.P.C.K., 1962] 53-74). Although not all of these instances are certain, the cumulative effect of their evidence must indicate that in the latter decades of the first century theos ("God") was occasionally being used of Jesus. Early extracanonical Christian literature shows that by the beginning of the second century the title was not uncommon (1 Clem. 2:1?; Ign. Eph. inscr., 1:1, 7:2, 18:2, 19:3; Trall. 7:1; Rom. 3:3; Smyrn. 10:1; Pol. Phil. 12:2; Ep. Apost. 3 (Ethiopic); Apoc Pet. E 16; cf. 2 Clem. 1:1). For Jesus Christ as "our God," as in 2 Pet. 1:1, see Ign. Eph. inscr., 18:2; Rom. 3:3, Pol. 8:3. Thus there is no improbability in 2 Peter's use of theos ("God") for Jesus, nor does the usage require a second-century date for the latter." (Richard Bauckham, Word Biblical Commentary, Vol. 50, pp. 168-169).

  • Ticker
    Ticker

    Awsome topic and posts!

    Ticker

  • TD
    TD

    Hi Leolaia.

    Thanks for the reference. I always learn something from your comments. To be honest, I didn't realize at first that the problem here was "two persons" versus "one person" (Until Funkyderek pointed it out) because I didn't see either one as a logical necessity of, "through the righteousness of our God and of our Saviour, Jesus Christ" which is how I read the Greek text.

    Now that I think about it though, I can see that (As with Acts 20:28) there are huge theological implications here that could make a neutral rending undesirable.

    One Person:

    "...by the righteousness of our God and Saviour, Jesus Christ." -NASB

    "...through the righteousness of our God and Savior Jesus Christ." -NRSV

    "...through the righteousness of our God and Savior Jesus Christ...." -NIV

    Neutral

    "..through the righteousness of God and our Savior, Jesus Christ" -Webster

    "...through the righteousness of our God and of our Savior, Jesus Christ" -Weymouth

    "...through the righteousness of God and our Savior, Jesus Christ" -AV

    Two Persons

    "..in the righteousness of our God and [the] Savior, Jesus Christ" -ASV

    "..by the righteousness of our God and [the] Savior, Jesus Christ" --NWT

  • stillAwitness
    stillAwitness

    And all this time I thought the brackets were there because no word from the orignal languages had an accurate translation.

    I don't even know where I got that idea but I'm glad I'll never look at another bracket the same way again!

    Thanx Auld and I did PM u back!

  • LDH
    LDH

    amazing responses.

    Leolaia, that steam engine thing is hilarious! It is totally made up, any scholar could see that.

    TD says

    I didn't realize at first that the problem here was "two persons" versus "one person" (Until Funkyderek pointed it out) because I didn't see either one as a logical necessity of, "through the righteousness of our God and of ;our Saviour, Jesus Christ" which is how I read the Greek text.

    I saw it immediately, this time around. However, in 20+ years of brainwashing I had not seen it.

    However, I appreciated that it was highlighted because unlike many of our scholars, I have no desire to go sifting through this garbage to find examples. I'm so glad the board has a mix of different personalities and abilities.

  • Little Bo Peep
    Little Bo Peep

    Over time, as a JW, you don't even see the brackets anymore, and it all becomes "scripture". I did a post this past March on the "New World Translation and Honesty". This was about adding the name "Jehovah" in scriptures that context would have you understand it was probably talking about Jesus. It also dealt with the "non-use" of brackets. There are many, many scriptures where the WT has added words that don't help the English rendition, but actually change the meaning, rather than letting the reader come to his or her own conclusion.

    A few of these additions are found as follows: Adding "in union with" instead of "in", at John 6:56; 10:38; 14:10,11,20; 17:21,23; 2 Cor 5:17; 13:5; Col 1:27; 2:6; 1Jn 2:24,27,28; 3:24; 4:4,13,15,16; 5:20. Adding "other" where there is no "other" in, Rom 8:32; Phil 2:9; Col 1:16-20. Adding "all sorts of" instead of "all" at 1 Tim 2:1,4; 2:6 (ft note);4:10; Tit 2:11; 1 Pet 3:17. I have a list of at least another 20.

    The problem I see with adding these additional words that are NOT in the Greek, is it takes away our right to read a scripture and come to a conclusion based on context, rather it forces us to come to their conclusions. Now I realize why people would tell us at the doors that we had our own translation of the Bible, and were so leary of reading it.

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