Folks,
You have given me lots to chew on as well, especially GD's three references. I will probably write my thoughts in "chunks" since all of my conclusions based on your feedback are not fully formulated.
Cults
Sociologists place religions on a continuum from Denominations to Sects to Cults. Denominations are characterized by having members who, besides having their particular beliefs, are fully integrated into their society. Further down the line are sects, whose beliefs tend to be more rigid and structured and who are to some degee are withdrawn from society. Cults show the greatest extreme as far as their alienation from society. Sociologists also maintain the religious groups tend to migrate from cult to sect to a denomination. There are exceptions of course, as some cults self destruct.
In between these three conditions, there are "fuzzy boundries". I tend to agree with Ginny's conclusion that the JWs may straddle the sect - cult part of the continuum. I think the JWs are moving in the direction towards a sect, but at a much slower rate than I would have predicted many years ago. Here are some changes that I have seen over my life time. Some support my view, some do not.
In the era before 1975, there were several changes that moved them in the cult direction:
1. The elder arrangement. The differences before and after this change is being discussed on another thread, one started by Englishman.
2. Dating practices. This was a terrible change in my opinion, and it ruined many lives. Dating practices in the 1950's and early '60's were more "normal".
When 1975 became a hot topic, I thought that they would tighten the rules, which they did. I thought that after 1975, they would relax the rules, which they did not, at least they did not for a very long time.
Here are changes in more recent times that makes me think they are moving towards a sect.
1. College: stated in print that it is OK, but of course, it still is not strongly encouraged.
2. Allowing alternate government service in place of the military, instead of going to prison.
3. Allowing blood fractions, a small consetion (sp), but a consetion nonetheless.
4. Allowing transplants and vacinations.
5. Cutting quotas, which include the number of pioneer hours, length of the conventions, and length of the Sunday meetings.
Other threads have discussed whether the JWs will mainstream of disappear. I think they will mainstream, but at a very slow rate. There is a very big cultural lag between the JWs and the rest of society, especially in the areas of woman's issues, and in dealing with child abuse. I think they will only respond to these issues when forced to.
Those are my thoughts for now. I will be back with another chunk later.