Jesus said that he would have on earth a “faithful and discreet slave” (his anointed followers viewed as a group), through which agency he would provide spiritual food to those making up the household of faith. (Matt. 24:45-47)
That passage is a parable, an allegorical teaching--one of many illustrations in this passage from Matthew's gospel about staying faithful, being prepared, and living every moment as though it will be your last. It does not identify a specific person or group as a major domo ruling God's servants on Earth; rather it calls every one of us to be a wise and faithful servant of the Lord.
The two men in the field and two women at the mill (Matt 24:40-42) are not specific people; they are examples contrasting those who are living God's way and are ready for his coming to those who live their own way and are caught unprepared at the end. The master of the house (Matt 24:43-44) was not a lesson about home security, it says to to take action now and prepare for the coming judgement before it is too late. The ten virgins (Matt 25:1-13) is not about weddings and lamp oil, it is about being wise and prepared instead of foolish and not doing your duty. The parable of the talents (Matt 25:14-30) is not investment advice, it tells us to apply ourselves and do the Master's will to the best of our ability today and every day, not to hesitate out of fear of inadequacy or punishment for falling short.
So, amid all these allegorical parables, did the Lord abruptly toss in a clue about a literal "Faithful Slave" to oversee us, then just as abruptly return to his previous discourse? Or was He telling us, all of us, to do his Father's will at all times, to always be ready no matter when the Master returns to judge our faithfulness? The first interpretation is out of context with the remainder of this two-chapter passage; a blatant attempt to inject a particular meaning into the text. The second is harmonious with passage as a whole,; it follows a consistent theme and teaching.
So I ask (rhetorically): who really will "resort to philosophical arguments to evade its clear statements of truth or to justify the way of life of people who have abandoned its moral standards"? Who really makes up "theories as to its significance"?