"Incest was not made a law until the law was given to Moses..." Blondie
Well, only among the ISRAELITES....
Among many so-called "primitive" tribal groups, incest is AGAINST THEIR LAWS - and they DIDN'T HAVE some Johnny-come-lately Middle-Eastern nomadic male volcano "god" to tell them this, also!!!
From this website (bold emphasis is mine...):
http://www.tru.ca/faculty/jmclaughlin/students/phil224/cm/ethics2.htm
"Among humans, there exists a universal taboo against incest. It is hard to describe incest, as it is hard to put a bead on what it is about incest that we, as humans, dislike. The existence of the taboo stems from many properties of incest that instil fear in humans. Although the rules and views on incest vary between cultures, incest is prohibited in probably every human culture. We can infer from this that the avoidance of incest is embedded into human nature. So natural is the avoidance of incest, in fact, that we see similar traits in our closest primate relatives from the animal kingdom. ..."
Very interesting.....
And this website ALSO mentions the taboo against incest amongst the higher primates... (Bold, hi-liting and bulleting is mine...)
http://darwinianconservatism.blogspot.com/2006/10/so-whats-wrong-with-incest.html
"Edward Westermarck elaborated Darwin's reasoning for the biological evolution of the incest taboo in his book The History of Human Marriage (first published in 1889). Westermarck's theory can be summarized in three propositions.
First, inbreeding tends to produce physical and mental deficiencies that lower Darwinian fitness.
Second, as a consequence, natural selection has favored an emotional disposition to feel a sexual aversion to those with whom one has been raised in early childhood.
Third, this natural aversion to incest creates moral disapproval that is expressed as an incest taboo.
This put Westermarck in conflict with Sigmund Freud's Oedipal theory of human psychology and culture, because Freud insisted that the inclincation to incest was natural to human beings, and that the taboo against incest arose as a purely cultural construction that human beings created to repress their natural desires for incest, this cultural repression of human nature being necessary for civilization. ..... By contrast, Westermarck believed that morality was a cultivation of natural human emotions, so that the incest taboo was a cultural expression of a natural human disposition shaped in human evolutionary history.
Over the past century, the evidence for Westermarck against Freud has grown. Arthur Wolf's study of "minor marriages" in China is one line of evidence. A traditional form of Chinese marriage was for parents to give their infant daughter to another family to be raised with the family's infant son, so that when the boy and girl reached maturity, they would be married. Wolf showed that these marriages were generally unsuccessful, because children raised together as siblings developed a sexual aversion to one another.
Another line of evidence came from the experience of the Israeli kibbutzim. [Highly ironic, considering that we're discussing one of their amcient myths... ] In the attempt to create a fully socialist community, the kibbutz would have infant children taken from their families and put in the "children's house," where they would be raised together communally. When they reached sexual maturity, the children were encouraged to find marriage partners among those with whom they had been raised.But the children resisted this, because even though they were not biological relatives, they felt as if they were siblings and thus felt revulsion at the thought of sexual mating with one another.
So it seems that these children in China and in the kibbutzim were manifesting the "Westermarck effect": as a result of an innate disposition shaped by evolutionary history, they developed a sexual aversion to the children with whom they had been raised, even though they were not actually biological siblings.
Another kind of evidence for Westermarck's theory is that it now seems that many primates show incest avoidance. While Freud thought that incest was common among nonhuman animals, we now know that this is not true. For most primate species, males leave their native troop when they reach sexual maturity, which seems to be a mechanism for avoiding excessive inbreeding. For chimpanzees, the females leave at maturity to join another troop. This means that chimp mothers will be in the same troop with their sons. And their sons often do attempt to mount their mothers and sisters, but when the males reach sexual maturity, their mothers and sisters generally push them away. This is what Westermarck's theory would predict. The human incest taboo is humanly unique as a legal and moral norm, but it expresses a natural emotional disposition that can be found in primate evolutionary history. ..."
And from the second website above, I think that this comment is most fitting for my post...
"But Darwin rejects the belief "that the abhorrence of incest is due to our possessing a special God-implanted conscience." ....
It is MOST SIGNIFICANT that the Israelites didn't write laws against incest until MUCH later in their history....
Which says a GREAT deal about their attitudes towards women...
Moral superiority, my arse!!!
Zid