splash great posts (1376 &9) - i agree that the word spirit has multiple meanings and it is truly astonishing how many times it is related to power in the bible. Angels are spirits ps 104:4 and Hebrews 1:7 tell us. Both verses are related to foundational myths and the powers they confer. Angels in their capacity of messenger brings an added dimension of power into focus too - the power of discourse to elevate a body of people - for example angelic anouncements to Mary about her son and a particular section of jews for example to bring them into a position of influence and then domination and then even coercion when Christianity became the state religion. (edit Plus your example of pentecost highlights how the spirit endows the power to establish new foundational discourse). Spirit as power works intersectionally too when different identities are elevated and others put down or even crushed simultaneously - examples are when Jesus (under the influence of spirit) put Mary in her place and when he told Judas what he needed to do and which then led to his (Judas) committing suicide
I'm sticking with spirit being related to power in its many manifestations.
edit: viv I don't think it is possible to abstract brain states from the social world to study them as in neuro science for example and then export those abstracted brain states back to society and expect it to fit without its social context. we are not simply machines