Phizzy wrote,
If your motive is [to understand biblical texts as the authors
intended], then best Study alone, and use Correct Eisegesis and
Hermeneutics. Do NOT read the Texts with a 21st Century "Eye",
do not approach them with any beliefs you already have, but with a
mind that can accept the Truth about what was really being said. You
will need to consult Books etc. by Scholars expert in the Field, but
filter what you read, some Scholars are believers, which colours
their conclusions somewhat, a consensus opinion from the latest
Scholarship is fairly reliable.
I would agree with much of this, but would say that the conclusions
of others should always be checked whether believing or unbelieving,
consensus or not. Even in a field of weeds one may find vegetables, and weeds sprout even in the best kept gardens.
But I have another point to add. In a previous post I wrote,
Much of the reading of biblical history comes with an inherent
Judahite bias, as if the people, history and religion of Judah are to
be placed at the center and [are] the touchstone of every discussion.
Yet considering its embrace by the Samaritans, the remnants of the
tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh together with members of priestly
families (Aaronites and Levites), I find the Torah to represent a
broader Israelite collection of scriptural texts. Viewed from this
perspective, it would be wrong to assume that all the biblical
writers were necessarily Judahites. The collection, as originally
promulgated, was to the house of Judah and to the house of Israel.
Accordingly, I think it better to consider the contributing authors
to also be representative of both communities.
— Mebaqqer
This was rebuffed by someone who maintains that the most recent
scholarship shows that “The Torah is actually composed of the books
of Genesis through 2 Chronicles, created around the book of
Deuteronomy by the "Judean" Redactor(s).”
Yet my position is supported by scholars such as Hensel who writes,
Noting the variety of postexilic Yahwisms and the beginning
realizations of the importance and significance of the Samaritans
during the time of much of the formation period of the Hebrew Bible
literatures, these observations lead to the corollary that the late
texts of the Hebrew Bible reflect different groups. This
observation cannot be stressed enough, as recent research – where
it perceives the diversity within postexilic Yahwism – mainly
focuses on the historical, cultural, religious-historical, and
political aspects of the process of the formation of Judaism. In
fact, little attention has been given to the role of these other
non-Judean groups during the scribal processes of the Hebrew Bible.
Exceptions are the works of Heckl (2018) and Hensel (2018), which
systematically identified the question of when and how
Samarians contributed to the literary history as a major task for
future research. There are also good grounds for concluding that
Judeans as well as Samarians participated in the formation
of the Pentateuch – at least in the time of its supposed
finalization, in the late Persian period – thereby creating what is
currently termed a “Common Pentateuch” or “Common Torah.”
This would reflect the interest of both groups.
—Benedikt Hensel, “Yahwistic Diversity and the Hebrew Bible:
State of the Field, Desiderata, and Research Perspectives in a
Necessary Debate on the Formative Period of Judaism(s),” in
Yahwistic Diversity and the Hebrew Bible: Tracing Perspectives of
Group Identity from Judah, Samaria, and the Diaspora in Biblical
Traditions, eds. Benedikt Hensel, Dany Nocquet and Bartosz
Adamczewski (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020), 21–2 (Bold text
added).
So to what Phizzy said, I would add that one should not assume a
Judahite bias when reading the biblical text. That is, one should not
assume that a biblical writer, at least within the first five books,
necessarily assumed the centrality of Judah, Jerusalem, the Davidic
monarchy, etc. in what they wrote unless it is clearly stated in the
text. This also includes not assuming that the Judahite recension of
the biblical text, the Masoretic Text, is always the one that
faithfully preserves what the biblical writers originally wrote. This
is why textual criticism is so important. Before one can expound a
text, one must establish the text to be expounded. One could say
more, but this should suffice for now.