This is the Jerusalem Council of faithful Jewish Christians addressing what obstacles Gentile converts must hurdle to be accepted by them. (Note: this statement is a paraphrase of a much earlier Law of the Sons of Noah.)
Acts 15: "It is my judgment, therefore, that we should not make it difficult for the Gentiles who are turning to God" (v. 19). "Instead, we should write to them, telling them to abstain from food polluted by idols, from sexual immorality, from the meat of strangled animals and from blood" (v. 20).
If there is anything in the Law that the NT instructs Christians to follow, this is it. This statement includes all the things mentioned in the preceding verses on how you should treat your neighbor (e.g. do not hate your neighbor, do not take vengeance on your neighbor, do not bear false witness against your neighbor, etc.).
One of these things is the following: "You shall not jeopardize your neighbor's life" (Leviticus 19:16). In Hebrew, this is more literally, "You shall not stand beside your neighbor's blood".
Here, not taking action that would save another person's life is viewed as showing disregard for blood.
This is how the rabbis understood the passage:
"How do we know that if we see someone drowning in the river, or a wild beast dragging someone off, or bandits attacking someone, we must try to save the person? Because it is said, 'You shall not stand idly by the blood of your neighbor' " (Sanhedrin 73a).
It only remains to focus and magnify the last phrase of that scripture concerning the word :BLOOD.
The Book of Acts existed in several versions.
To some scribes, the conclusion the apostolic council reached appeared strange, and they changed it to make it appear more correct. In the so-called Western texts, consequently, the apostles reached a different conclusion:
"(b) The Western text omits ‘what is strangled’ and adds a negative form of the Golden Rule in 15.20 and 29. . . . Concerning (b), it is obvious that the threefold prohibition . . . refers to moral injunctions to refrain from idolatry, unchastity and blood-shedding (or murder), to which is added the negative Golden Rule." 1
The "western texts" were those used by a significant number of those early Christian writers, and these texts had already replaced the purely ritual rules in the original description of the Apostolic Council with moral rules.
Obviously, then, these later copyists were not aware of the background of the blood prohibition and struggled to understand the text.
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To make it more acceptable, they "corrected" the text to be a list of three moral laws: idolatry, unchastity, and murder. And hardly anyone will deny that these rules apply to all Christians! No wonder, then, that the early Christian writers argued that the apostolic council still applied.
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Concerning these texts, we read:
"Of the remaining types of texts which Westcott and Hort isolated, the so-called Western Type is both ancient and widespread. . . . Its date of origin must have been extremely early, perhaps before the middle of the second century. Marcion, Tatian, Justin, Irenaeus, Hippolytus, Tertullian and Cyprian all made use to a greater or less extent of a Western form of text."
The Law of the Sons of Noah, (Noahide laws) applied to every person descended from Noah who wished to please God. Later, Jews under the law of Moses used these Noahide Laws to instruct Gentile converts. In these laws the use of the word "blood" referred to murder, the shedding of blood in killing another human.
And that is precisely the legal basis for Jesus' statement elsewhere that "it is lawful ... to save life rather than to destroy it" (Mark 3:4, Luke 6:9).
Indeed, the Talmud instructs that almost any commandment, such as the Sabbath, can be relaxed if life is at stake (e.g. the rabbinic principle of dwchyn 't h-shbt "superseding the Sabbath"), cf. b. Shabbat 131a, b. Sukkah 43a,m. Pesah 6:1-2, b. Sanhedrin 74a, m. Yoma 8:6, b. Yoma 85a.
Special Note:
It's this principle that is missing in the Society's own "law on blood." for them it is more important to observe a commandment than to save a life. This demand runs entirely against Leviticus 19:16-18. To show true love for one's neighbor, one must not stand by when a person's life -- a person's own blood -- is endangered. A person should do what can be done to save this person's life.
The Society, by instructing others to ignore this and refuse life-saving measures, is guilty precisely of standing beside their neighbor's blood.
Jesus, as a Jew, was under the Law of Moses. Jesus, as the exemplar of God's perfect will, demonstrated the purpose of the Law in his ministry on Earth.
Several times Jesus was seen breaking the law of the Sabbath. The Pharisees were outraged. Jesus healed people on the Sabbath--he must be put to death!
Jesus explained to the Pharisees the purpose and intent of the Law by asking them a question:
LUKE: 6:
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On another Sabbath, he went into the synagogue and taught, and there was a man there whose right hand was withered.
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The scribes and the Pharisees watched him closely to see if he would cure on the Sabbath so that they might discover a reason to accuse him.
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But he realized their intentions and said to the man with the withered hand, "Come up and stand before us." And he rose and stood there.
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Then Jesus said to them, "I ask you, is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath rather than to do evil, to save life rather than to destroy it?"
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Looking around at them all, he then said to him, "Stretch out your hand." He did so and his hand was restored.
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But they became enraged and discussed together what they might do to Jesus.
Clearly, Jesus demonstrated the over-riding principle was the precious saving of life even if it meant superficially breaking the Law!
If this applies to Sabbath breaking to bring about healing and preserving of life:
WHY WOULDN'T IT APPLY TO BLOOD as well?
LIFE is more precious than law.