MrRoboto: Why is there absolutely no way to measure any of the various motions of the earth from the surface
Your ignorance is stunning.
Smart people—and there have been a lot of them—have been trying to understand these things for as long as there have been people. Some of their ideas were later proven inaccurate of even completely wrong, but many were right … A LONG TIME AGO!
For example, Eratosthenes was a Greek scientist who studied astronomy, geography, and math. He is famous for making the first good measurement of the size of the Earth and he did this sometime around 240 B.C. He was able to do this because he knew the earth is a sphere.
Fast forward to the likes of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler and Newton and you'll find that, by using a scientific approach to learning about things, they were able to determine the nature of and take measurements about the very kinds of motion you claim no one understands. This is simply not true. Many of us understand it.
And I won't even begin to touch your incoherent reference to Einstein. I suspect you have no understanding at all about his theories of relative motion. It's okay, most people don't. But be clear: He understood that the earth moves and its motion is measurable.
Get a good, basic book on astronomy and educate yourself. You'll be glad you did.
Here's a very simple introduction:
When you're done with that, maybe you'll be ready to take Newtonian mechanics. After you THOROUGHLY understand that, then maybe—just maybe—you'll be ready for Einstein.