For any interested, here (off-site) is a page (with links) that shows the literary structure of the book of Judges. The account about Abimelech can be found in the "E^" portion.
Constable's Notes has this to say about the parable:
Jotham’s fable was a parable with a moral (cf. 2 Sam. 12:1-4; 2 Kings 14:9-10). It is generally recognized as the first parable in the Bible. The olive and fig trees and the grape vine represented productive human beings, oil, figs, and wine being among the most important products of Canaan. Brambles bore no fruit and offered no shelter or protection. They only injured those who got too close to them. Moreover they spontaneously burst into flames in hot weather and sometimes caused much damage consequently (v. 15). Obviously the bramble represented Abimelech, the trees and vine more noble individuals, and the cedars of Lebanon the upright leaders of Shechem.
There are some elements in Jotham's parable that are used in other portions of the Bible. But there is no clear connection or reference to the parable with any other portion of the Bible (based on a search thru The Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament).