The phrase that stood out for me was:
This layered depth explains why a single vision (mosaic) can speak coherently to Maccabean martyrs, to first-century Christians groaning under Nero, and to believers still awaiting the last act of history. Far from being embarrassed by successive applications, Catholic theology expects them.
That is the very point, successive generations of readers have adapted/applied the book to themselves. Each anticipating being the 'holy ones' that see the end. All have been disappointed.