This reminds me of a certain higher learning institution I unfortunately attended. It was a seemingly nice place when one first arrived, To make miinority members feel at home--fair treatment rules were prominantly placed on the main building's wall. These rules guaranteed humane and fair academic treatment for everyone regardless of race, color, or creed.
All good and well of course if the policy had been actually implemented by the teaching faculty. The problem was that a significant number of the teaching faculty were bigots. These would routinely encourage students to discriminate against minorities making the college-attendance experience a veritable hell.
The effects?
Some discriminated students left. Others stayed and suffered. Others were forced to get lower grades or fail courses. Complaints to bogus iner-institution agrencies met with virtually n response.In short, the moinority student experience was not simply enlighteninmg--it was psychologically traumatizing.
You see, it all boils down to following what the policies are. If policies are set, they are only as good as the number of individuals who will follow them. Take the policy of treating war prisoners fairly. Just recently there was a scandal because those in lower positions did not follow the stated stipulations for prisoner treatment as outlined by the Geneva Convention.
In short, the benefit comes from following rules not making rules known. So let's put the blame firmly where it belongs, those who claim to represent andrefuse to do so responsibly by ignoring the rules and mmaking the rules up as they go along. Such persons are a law unto themselves and threaten group coheremce and stability no matter what type of organization they belong to.
I see it as a common human flaw.