these are only considered in serious, life threatening circumstances.
Nahh., I don't believe that. Blood is big business and hospitals have been known to transfuse blood when possible, same as ordering a lot of tests to bill insurance companies for more money, but what patient would dare challenge a doctor who's trying to help him.
Watchtower implanted phobias and notions of uncleanness or contamination
But such fear was well founded as epi-HIV infected blood has proved. I know people that have died because of blood transfusions that would be alive today, and in all fairness, I also must say that I know at least one person that would be dead today if not for a BT. Albeit, there is a basis for the fear and repiulsion. It is not just hype.
control mechanisms to generate revulsion and compliance
JW are courageous people. They are always prepared to die for their beliefs so their stand is not out of fear of risk of infection, besides, risk is better than certain death and jw know it.However, the medical risk do encourage the religious stand.
without scriptural merit,
In all objectivity, not just how the WT interprets it, it says to abstain from blood. To what degree, how does it apply, and should blood ever be used to sustain life, especially when someone is bleeding to death and needs gallons or liters of it? The WT says no BT (at this time.)