EndofMysteries: I find the scenario you present interesting and yet a bit confusing because I don’t think the parallel you present is actually a parallel but diverging ideas instead. For example: You present two individuals leading an exemplary life but one (the religious one) dying with hope that the other (the atheist) dying without hope. Why must it be so? It doesn’t have to be. There are other possibilities. First of all, assuming that hope actually means something or that it has any possibility of bringing a different path after death, I don’t see why an atheist can’t hope that by preserving his DNA and with some sort of memory retrieval by a new scientific means that s/he can’t attain the hope to live again. There are cryogenic banks that preserve people today in the hope that science can revive them and restore their bodies again. That’s hope. Isn’t it?
What about the religious person who dies with hope and gets none because there was never a god to begin with who was going to bring a resurrection and a better life? At least for the atheist not having any hope and receiving none is not such a raw deal because, being dead, s/he would never know what did or did not happen. That would assume that the god who gives hope to the religious person would not revive the atheists just to torture him or her. The question of happiness based on a single outcome (resurrection) is meaningless. Happiness is a by-product of living, not dying. It is the way you lead your life that produces it. I think there’s probably a good degree of satisfaction at the end of one’s life, after having lived it well to not care what happens afterwards.
I don’t understand the idea of comparison between an atheist and a religious person, both living an exemplary life. It goes without saying that whether one believes in God or not, people can be moral and generous and kind. So, religion has nothing to do with those attributes. Why should that earn points for the religious individual and not for the atheist regardless of belief?
Thinking about the first option for the atheist, I think it’s just as good a deal for the theist if science were to find a way to bring all people back in some future. The problem would be that the religious person would be disappointed about who brought him or her back. Still, it’s better to be a live dog than a dead lion.