Pole,
::I think there is real randomness in the universe, but that is only on sub-atomic scale.
Or is it true determinism? LOL. The chicken or the egg? ;-) Until then I'll trust your assertion. ;-).
This is a difficult question. Most scientists believe that the processes to describe the quantum mechanics are truly random. With random in this case I mean that there is no cause. This is called the copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics. Not everybody agrees though.
It is very difficult to imagine things without a cause, but it looks like that this is the most likely the case. In fact the whole quantum physics, a a very powerfull theory, that made a lot of predictions that are verified, is based on calcultion with random probability functions. In fact we can't speak from hard elementary particles as many people thing, but we have to speak of parability waves etc.
Google,
Your definition of random is a bit vague, and not sure what god has to do with it.
I think there are different definitions of 'random', depending on the context. As for your example the computer rand() function can be a good random in the context. And for programmers it is very easy if this random numbers are repeatable to check calculations. But them we can still speak about random in this context.
Danny