Hi Barefoot,
Sorry for the delay in responding. Its start of garden time here and I am busy outside.
You asked me the following questions:
What about the incredible fine-tuning of the universe and the amazing series of coincidences that make life, not only possible, but extremely pleasant? Do you regard this sort of 'evidence' as admissable? If not, what would you regard as admissable evidence for a designer? Have you read Michael Behe's challenges to evolutionary theory?
I am familiar with Prof Behe and his ideas but am not persuaded.
Probability is a difficult subject for most of us and its hard to wrap our minds around the way it works. Simple cause and effect is much more intuitive for us. The latest bank crisis is another testament to my mind of the struggles we humans have with probability. It certainly is hard for me and I struggle with the subject.
I think its useful to think of coincidences and probabilities from a personal perspective. What is the probability of my existence? On the one hand, I could view it as an absolutely incredible series of chance occurences going all the way back to early man - or Adam if you will. On that I would peg my probability of existence at near zero. Even given my parents being together, there was one egg and one sperm that combined to make me. Against maybe 300 eggs versus many billions of sperm. If I did the math, then my existence is nothing short of miraculous. That's one perspective and I could conclude that there must have been intent to my existence. (It IS all about me after all LOL)
Now what is the probability that someone like me would exist given that my parents got together with each other or even someone else. Likely in the 80% range since most people who married in the 50's had children. Certainly, there was intent but not for me specifically.
So what is the true probability of my existence? near zero or 80%...... Its 100%. I do exist.
Its a fundamental premise of probability that anything that occurred has a probability of one. We like to do experiments with dice or colored balls to try and get some help in predicting future events and that's the reason we look backward. Still, if the event occured its probability is now 1.
So the probability that the world is the way it is ... is 1. What is the probability that it would turn out this particular way looking forward from some arbitrary point in the past - very hard to predict but likely small given all the chance occurences. What is the probability it would turn out some what close to this world? Pretty high. Consequently, I don't think that arguments from coincidences are persuavsive.
To your main point though, what test or evidence might convince me of the existence of a designer?
First, I'd have to be convinced that its worth my time to test the subject. If there is a designer of you and me, what prevents him or her from introducing themselves. 'Hello, I am the first Cause and I made you.' That would be nice along with a little proof of the claim. If he or she is not interested in introducing themselves then I assume that they have a good reason or that there is no first cause.
Barring that, I would have to test that this is the best of all possible worlds. There's lots of talk of good design, lets get to the bad ones. Knees are a good, painful example of an atrocious design. What about the 98% or so of species that are currently extinct? Why do I live 80 years and my pets 10 or at most 20? What's with the cancer thing? First it helps us grow from 1 cell to billions, then it runs amok and kills us. Where's the sense in that? Why is one of my most sensitive organs (my testicles) outside the safety of my body? I have rued that design choice many a time. Finally, I think I know just a little bit about raising kids, not much but a little...just in time to never do it again. To summarize, the designer would have to explain all the flubs, not just the successes.
Its not so much that I am against the idea of a First Cause, a Designer. I just really don't know and while I am curious about beginnings, I'm skeptical that I will ever know much about it. But my not knowing doesn't have much of a down side and I live a happy and productive live without that knowledge.
The god of the bible is a whole other matter. He clearly is bogus. But I take it we are talking mostly about deism not christianity or some other religion.
Regards
Damocles