I think a lot of parents use spanking because it is quick, and effective to a point. We evolved from animals, and our brain learns quick when an action causes an strong immediate positive or negative result. 'Pain' is something we evolved to learn from - it stimulates neurons in a very specific way and can immediately change the 'weight' of neural pathways. Pain results in a very specific type of behavioral training which is very strong.
If the result of an action is a negative consequence later on - there is a disconnect. The intellect may undestand the cause & effect, but the neurons are not trained. When neurons are trained - as soon as a child considers a behavior, the neurons scream 'don't do it!'. If only the intellect is aware, then the child must give thought to what they are about to do, and what happened in the long-run last time. If the child doesn't stop and carefully consider their actions (and they won't usually) they'll keep repeating the same behaviors. I think neural training can still be achieved, but it'll be a lot slower without pain as the motivator. There may be other ways to invoke a 'shock to the system' or 'all stop' sensation that would train the neurons.. have to think on that. Examining myself, I can spot behaviors that were both trained by a single painful or pleasurable event, as well as behaviors that were learned over time, and are just as automatic.
Parents that do choose to use physical pain to train their child should always stop to think about what they are about to do. It should not be automatic to just hit your child anytime they do the wrong thing or are embarassing you. When you cause pain, you are programming the neurons of the child. If you use that technique at the wrong time, it will be very difficult to unprogram. What is wrong for a child at 4 may be ok at 12. Spanking a child for drawing on a wall might be interpretted by the neurons as 'drawing = bad'.
While physical discipline can therefore be effective in creating that immediate 'no!' response in the brain - preventing the behavior from even being considered, I must also agree with the non-violent posters here. I think it's a serious double-standard, and while it may have been an effective tool for animals to learn to avoid life-threatening actions immediately - I think as sentient beings we should consider the negative, long-term effects to the intellect which are not so obvious, as well as the potential for accidental, often unknown, mis-training. I would hope we would want to evolve past violence - and what better place to start than at the beginning of life?
I would urge parents to look for ways to discipline that balance both the neural training as well as intellectual training. There are likely effective ways to build both the neural and intellectual behavior without violence - but they will require love and effort on the parent's part to find, and what is effective will likely be a little different for each child.
- Lime