LUHE
Hang on a sec, doesn't the law state that a displayed vehicle license must be visible at all times? The cops had every right to stop the guy if they couldn't see that license.
If you're talking about the permanent plate, yes, the law states that it must be lit. I'm not sure how it's done in other countries, but when you purchase a vehicle here in the U.S. your temporary vehicle license is a piece of paper taped to the inside of your back window which is not lit at night. There is nothing even the least bit unusual about this. We all see it here on freeways and surface streets every day and when a vehicle is not displaying a permanent plate in the normal place, that is the next logical place to look.
It's been a long time since I lived in Virginia and I don't what the law currently is, but as a general statement from a U.S. citizen, traffic law does not go off into limbo when a police officer turns on his lights. It is up to you as a citizen to pick a safe spot for both you and the officer to stop. Here where I currently live, that means not stopping on freeways or narrow shoulders where stopping is illegal. You proceed at reduced speed with your emergency flashers on until you reach a safe spot, which can easily be a mile or two down the road.
The series of mistakes I listed cascade into each other inasmuch as each one in turn yanks the rug of justification out from under the next one down the line. With that in mind, I'm afraid I'm not following you on #2 and #3