I was a teenager during the Vietnam era and knew many JWs that faced the draft issue. It was clear though that if a Witness CHOSE alternative service that they would be df'd but IF they were sentenced to alternative service rather than prison, they could accept that. I can remember several witnesses being sentenced to working in the local hospitals. These brothers attended the local congregation I was in. There was some murmuring going on wondering how they could be working in a hospital when other local witnesses were in prison. A talk was finally given and it was explained that these men had been sentenced to this hospital work but had not requested it.........................!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Yes, witnesses could "choose" alternative service but be considered da'd because of it.
Is the current WTS doctrine different from what is below?
*** w96 5/1 p. 19 Paying Back Caesar’s Things to Caesar ***
Civilian Service
However, there are lands where the State, while not allowing exemption for ministers of religion, nevertheless acknowledges that some individuals may object to military service. Many of these lands make provision for such conscientious individuals not to be forced into military service. In some places a required civilian service, such as useful work in the community, is regarded as nonmilitary national service. Could a dedicated Christian undertake such service? Here again, a dedicated, baptized Christian would have to make his own decision on the basis of his Bible-trained conscience...
What if the Christian’s honest answers to such questions lead him to conclude that the national civilian service is a "good work" that he can perform in obedience to the authorities? That is his decision before Jehovah. Appointed elders and others should fully respect the conscience of the brother and continue to regard him as a Christian in good standing.
*** g74 12/8 p. 23 The Netherlands Frees Imprisoned Witnesses ***
Authorities
BegintoListen On March 26, 1971, three representatives of Jehovah’s witnesses met with a forum representing the ministries of Defense and Justice. The discussion lasted two and a half hours.
One of the first points of discussion presented by the forum was this: "That you wish no part in performing military service is clear and needs no further explanation. But what really is your objection to civil, alternative service?"
The Witnesses explained that it is not that they are opposed to civil service as such, but, rather, it is a matter of strict neutrality. Therefore, any work that is merely a substitute for military service would be unacceptable to Jehovah’s witnesses.
Other questions narrowed the issue down still further. "When a person objects to military service," the government’s agents declared, "he passes from military jurisdiction on to civil jurisdiction and from that moment has nothing at all to do with the military. Why, then, is the accepting of such civil service still so objectionable?"
Willingly accepting such work is objectionable to the Christian because of what God’s law says about the matter: "You were bought with a price; stop becoming slaves of men." (1 Cor. 7:23) Civilian servitude as a substitute for military service would be just as objectionable to the Christian. In effect, he would thereby become a part of the world (a da'ing offense) instead of keeping separate as Jesus commanded.—John 15:19; 17:14-16.
Blondie