Navigator,
Our treatment of the American Indians was nothing less than genocide on a grand scale.
History is against the genocide on a "grand scale" view. When Europeans first settled in North America, they were greeted by both peaceful tribes and warring tribes. This was true in the very beginning with the settlements in Massachusettes and Rhode Island land grants, and was still going on at the French and Indian wars against the Brittish. Some tribes made alliances with the European settlers to get support to fight other tribes. The Spanish, under Cortez, ended up fighting the Aztecs in Mexico, then eventually Spanish settlers intermarried with Indians. It was a complex web of triangles. Eventually, relations simmered down between the European settlers.
However, as American settlers moved across the midwest and west of the Mississippi, two major tribes starting wars, the Souix and the Commanche. Essentially, white settlers would take up residence and builtd a house and do some farming. The Commanche, for example, allowed this and said nothing. Then, one day, they decided it was a threat. Instead of askign the white settlers to leave, they just simply came in and butchered them, men, women, and children. Or at times they would take the women and girl children. The US Army was dispatched to put a stop to the terrorism, and thus commenced the later western wars with Indians.
The one big tribe in the east (Georgia) that decided to stop fighting, and use the courts, was the Cherokee. They won their arguments all the way up to the Supreme Court. It was President Andrew Jackson (the face on the $20 bill) who gave the Supreme COurt the finger and used the US Army to force the Cherokee to march on what is known as the "Trail of Tears" all the way west of the Mississippi River. Many died on the trail ... and it was as bad as the Batan death march the Japanese did in WWII against the Phillipinos and Americans and others.
Many tribes have died out, and no longer exist, such as the Illini (Ill - li' - ni') namesake of Illinois. But others still exist. Other than events like what happened to the Cherokee, there was no massive genocide. That give a wrong context. Indians were able to fight, and use modern weapons of the day. They even got their hands on cannons. But, over time, they lost. Other tribes enjoyed long and excellent relationships with the US, such as the Nez Perce up around Idaho, and eastern Washington and Oregon. In fact some Indian tribes in the west enjoy privileged status, such as the Yakima, who can fish anywhere, anytime, catch any amount, and not even respect the spawning streams ... which is causing the endangerment of the Coho and Chanuk salmon. But that is another issue.
Our school systems simply do not teach accurate history. They used to teach against the indians, and today they makje it out as though the European settlers moved in and butchered a bunch of peaceful bead-making indians who on sit by the campfire and smoke peace pipes. Indians were tough warriors ... the Klingon Empire of their day ... and they are to be highly respected. This is why we use to honor them on coins and paper money, as well as naming sports teams after them ... but sadly, today, the supercillious self-righteous historical morons claims that such is not an honor, but an insult ... but they ignore our treaties which is what the Indians, like the Cherokee, still want honored. The Cherokee want Jackson removed from the $20 bill ... and I agree with them on that one.
Jim Whitney