Anewme,
Welcome to the real world! I admit that it isn't very pretty. This is why I always got enraged when some stupid JW tried to compare their pioneering to my full time job. There is just no comparison.
As you NOW know, being in the working world is like being on the front lines in battle. Just being among the 'brothers' isn't the same because they usually have their best foot forward. I say 'usually' because it isn't always so good around them in the work force. I have worked with them in an office and when it boils down to it they can be a problem as well even though they may not be 'in your face' or cursing all the time like so-called worldly people.
With regard to working in the 'world', I learned over the years to develop a thicker skin. I do admit that some things bother me and I have to keep my mouth shut or else I wouldn't have a job - anywhere. In your case I have some advice. Don't come across all 'holier than thou'. If you have high moral standards, try to keep them to yourself. People always hate you when you are better than them. Don't come across like a brown nose kissing the boss' rear end either. If you must, do so in private.
Try to act like a team player and be a little friendly to everybody. You have to learn to be a little politic and this is something you didn't learn in the hall. You expected people to be nice 'just because'. I would be the first one to agree with you that it is hard to be around people for 8 hours when you have nothing in common with them except the need for that paycheck. This advice will probably work some of the time with 'normal' people that is. I agree that you sometimes have to speak up, like you did with the younger workers who use inappropriate terms.
It isn't easy, but I wish you the best of luck.
LHG