Needs at least two things, it would seem. 1. Free will 2. A discrete responsible self (tied into 1) 3. Memory
I would disagree, dear GB (peace to you!)
The answer is, really, "it depends." On the TYPE of sin: willful... or unwillful. Spirit... or flesh. Free will is involved in willful sin... and sin of the spirit. It is CHOSEN error, at least to the extent that the person WANTS to commit the error. On the other hand, we often commit sin unwillfully... even accidentally. In addition, the flesh contains sin IN it (which is why it gets sick, ages, dies). Sin is not just breaking a "law" - it is corruption in the flesh.
When I think of punishment as a consequence of engaging in an illegal activity as a way of changing the mind of an offender with regard to future behavior it seems that this requires that the individual has a memory of the event.
Not always. If, for example, if it is a "sin" to commit murder (which is what the Law Covenant prohibited, vs. killing, which was NOT prohibited)... and then the act becomes SO unbearble that the perpetrator convinces him/herself that it did not happen because they simply cannot face the TRUTH... that it DID happen, and they are the one who DID the act... such person's inability to comprehend their own act does not negate the act... or its error.
Suppose it were possible to wipe the memory of the event.
Yes, this what I meant...
Would guilt remain?
You mean culpability? Yes. BUT... that is the PURPOSE... of MERCY. The person may very well be guilty (i.e., culpable and so deserving of punishment, BUT mercy could "triumph over"... and therefore, cover/wipe out/negage the CONSEQUENCES of the error. This is the VERY reason why, contrary to the WTBTS' false teaching regarding Adam, Eve, Judas, etc., that they will NOT be resurrected... they WILL be resurrected.
The WAGE of sin IS death... is death, dear one... NOT of the BODY, but of the SPIRIT. IF there is a covering for such sin, then although one has died, one can live again by means of resurrection to life. If one has NO covering, then one is JUDGED on the basis on one's sins. I.e., resurrected to judgement. Adam and Eve died by means of the sin IN the long garment of skin given them; however, they have not yet stood judgement for their errors. They will, however, because the [second] resurrection is "of the righteous AND the unrighteous." When they DO stand for such judgment, however, who knows the outcome? The Most Holy One of Israel, JAH of Armies, shows mercy to whomever HE wishes to show it... by means of the names written in the Book of the Lamb, His Son and Christ, the Holy One of Israel, my Lord, JAHESHUA MISCHAJAH.
It's been said that if you come home and find your apartment trashed by your puppy that if you punish the puppy, the puppy won't learn because it has no memory connection between activities it was involved in and your reactions to those when you came home.
I'd disagree with this one, too, at least as far a MY puppies are concerned. They know EXACTLY what they do/have done... and "why" it is they're "gonna get a spank"... and get one. Yep, I have to "tap that Pamper" from time to time, especially when I pre-warned them NOT to "mess" with something... and then, after giving me that "look"... they grab "it" and run off with it. A game of chase is fine... but not with my, well, whatever it is I told them not to run off with, etc. Dogs (indeed, animals in general)... have WAY more knowledge, understanding... and sense... than we give them credit for!
Anyway, peace to you and I hope this helps!
A slave of Christ,
SA