My response to Deut.14:21
My response to this verse is spread across a number of posts so I want to bring it together here and add some more comments.
Do not eat anything you find already dead. You may give it to the foreigner residing in any of your towns, and they may eat it, or you may sell it to any other foreigner. But you are a people holy to the Lord your God. - Deut. 14:21
This verse appears to be a change to the law given earlier at Lev.17:13-15. There we find a sharp contrast between the consequences of killing an animal and eating it unbled and of eating an unbled animal found already dead. The former results in "cutting off" but the latter only requires that the "culprit" take a bath and change their clothes.
Rather than pitting Deut.14 against Lev.17 - choosing one as authoritative and rejecting the other - the challenge is to reconcile both texts.
During their wanderings in the wilderness the Israelites only had the law recorded in Leviticus. Moses did not deliver the words recorded in Deuteronomy for another forty years. Many thousands of sheep and cattle must have died of natural causes during those four decades and - based on the law of Leviticus - eaten by their owners. Baths were taken, clothes changed and nobody was punished. Only Aaron and his sons who served at the Tabernacle were prohibited from eating an animal found already dead during this period in Israel's history.
Unlike an animal that had been killed, the sacredness of blood is never mentioned in connection with eating an animal found already dead. The issue is not blood but ceremonial uncleanness.
A sheep or cow was a valuable asset, finding it dead would have been a significant loss to its owner. Obviously they would want to salvage something if possible. In Leviticus God said that whatever they decided to do it had to be included in the long list of things that resulted in uncleanness. Giving birth, menstruation, sex between husband and wife, touching any dead body, skin disease and many more normal things resulted in the Israelite having to bathe and change to become clean again. Eating the remains of an animal found dead had exactly the same consequences; but so did burying it. No doubt this personal decision would largely be based on the condition of the carcass and how long it had been dead.
Forty years later the circumstances of the nation were changing. Now they were going to be settling down in towns and villages and living among foreigners. Keen to encourage ceremonial cleanness Moses now encourages them to choose a better option of selling the carcass to a foreigner. That way - assuming the buyer collects - they don't have to touch or eat the carcass and avoid becoming unclean. None of the circumstances that resulted in uncleanness were a crime or a sin but some were more avoidable than others. Moses identifies eating an animal found already dead as something that can reasonably be avoided in the interests of holiness.
Notice Moses' new instruction - "sell it to a foreigner". If the blood of an animal found already dead was sacred then this would be a very strange instruction. If the blood represented the life of the dead beast then it must be buried with the animal returning it to god. God's original prohibition regarding blood was given through Noah so it would be impossible that Moses would instruct Israelites to entice foreigners to do something that god abhorred.
Moses' instruction here is consistent with Lev.17. The blood of an animal found already dead has no sacred significance since nobody took the life and therefore nobody can return it to god. The only issue is that eating the animal makes the person temporarily unclean. Leviticus gives permission to eat the animal with the proviso that the Israelite must bathe and change their garments. Forty years later Moses goes further and admonishes them to avoid unnecessary uncleanness and sell the carcass to a foreigner who was not under the law.