As a person who specializes in the field of hydrogeology, I strongly recommend that no one drink "raw" spring water (groundwater that naturally discharges out of the ground - usually seen on the sides of hills).
When I say "raw" I mean not treated.
The theory that "raw" spring water is great for you has been a myth for years and years - kinda like the way the advertizers sucked everybody into thinking smoking was cool when in reality it would kill you.
Precipitation falls from the sky onto the ground. Thanks to gravity, a certain percentage of water will migrate down through pore spaces in the soil and fractures (cracks) in the underlying consolidated bedrock. Usually the groundwater will move down to a point where all the pore or crack spaces are filled with water. A formation filled with water that produces enough groundwater for a well supply is called an "aquifer". Thanks to gravity and other pressure forces, groundwater will also move horizontally in the ground and eventually discharge on the sides of hills (springs) or into surface water courses. The process can take a few days to millions of years depending on the location.
The thing is that during its travel in the ground, groundwater picks up any contaminates that have been discharged into the aquifer. For example, bacteria and nitrate from farming operations can gain access to groundwater supplies. Underground gasoline storage tanks that leak benzene etc. Waste disposal sites that have all sorts of goodies. Road salt from winter road de-icing activities.
Thus, by the time the groundwater reaches its discharge point (ie. spring), it has potentially picked up many contaminates through its journey. Most water samples that I have taken from springs in my career (18 years) have shown unsafe levels of bacteria.
Therefore, as a rule, it is wise not to drink raw "spring" water unless it has been sampled and tested bacteriologically and chemically by qualified people. Of course the old and very young are most at risk.
However, having said that I do not want to scare the hell out of people when they go to the nearest 7-11 and pick up bottled water. Bottled water, (if it is truly from a spring - as most comes from your local municipal surface water plant or municipal well) must be treated and meet the same standards for food as coke and pepsi etc.
hawk
Edited by - hawkaw on 21 November 2002 8:54:25