The
main flaw in the Epicurean paradox, as I see it, is that it makes a
semantic error. It assumes that if a thing has omnipotence — the ability
to do anything— then that thing is then capable of doing everything simultaneously.
It reduces to the sillier and more obvious question: “If God can go
left and right, why can’t s’he do both?” Of course, perhaps an
omnipotent being could manage somehow to go left and right
simultaneously, but how would it have to change the world as we know it
in order to make that possibility a reality?
The
problem is that we humans are not omniscient — not all-knowing — and so
we can only reflect on things from our tightly delimited and separated
worlds of experience. If we live in Florida and there’s a flood that
kills 20 people, we shake our fist at the sky and say “How could you let
this evil happen? 20 people died!” But what if the consequence of
preventing that flood would have meant a drought in Ethiopia that killed
hundreds? And what if the consequences of preventing both would have
resulted in a war in Ghana that killed tens of thousands? and what if
the consequences of preventing all three would be a plague that ravaged
Asia and killed millions? And what if preventing all four entailed some
subtle change that would make life more or less impossible on this
planet? We already see this effect from our own short-sighted efforts:
our hunger for mechanical and electrical power has polluted the
atmosphere in ways that are driving up global temperatures, risking any
number of world-wide catastrophes and extinctions. A God is by
definition not short-sighted — s’he is omniscient — and so s’he will
have a very broad and clear view on which path is best to take. But
still, s’he can’t easily take all paths.
Of
course, I suppose we could imagine a world in which a God constantly
intervened to prevent all badness to everyone. It would be a world of
constant miracles in which there was no consistency or predictability;
where natural laws changed from moment to moment and person to person in
order to protect everyone; where no one ever really got to make any
choices for themselves, because God was always redirecting things to
keep them safe and happy. It would be like living in a universe run by
an all-powerful, all-seeing, and all-meddling (and all-stereotypical,
apologies) Jewish mother. How horrible would that be?
We
lack the knowledge to evaluate the morality of natural events, because
we cannot see what a God might see. We should focus on the morality of
our own acts.