Posts by Larsinger58

21

number of anointed

by ssn587 in

dont know if i or anyone else has asked this before, but does anyone know how many annointed were supposedly at the last memorial, it seems to be the hidden #.

does that mean they are now the hidden society (said tongue in cheek).

Larsinger58

OFFICIAL

The 144,000 are the "root" of the olive tree only and are made up of natural Jews. Isaiah 6 verse 18 describes Israel as a tree that is struck down.

ISAIAH 6: 12 and Jehovah actually removes earthling men far away, and the deserted condition does become very extensive in the midst of the land. 13 And there will still be in it a tenth, and it must again become something for burning down, like a big tree and like a massive tree in which, when there is a cutting down [of them], there is a stump; a holy seed will be the stump of it.”

In the NT, of course, many Chrsitians are familiar with the concept of the true branches being lopped off and the wild branches being grafted in. But it has always emphasized that even though they got grafted in, the ROOT was still Jewish.

When we compare that with Isaiah, we have the foundation of understanding a certain specific number, that is 1/10th of the entire tree would be 100% Jewish. The remnant of the natural Jews still make up 10% of the entire number.

In Revelation, 12,000 from each tribe specifically is noted. That would have little relevance to Christianity. But it makes perfect sense if the ROOT is in reference here that is made up of the 144,000. In that case, 144,000 is the number of Jews in the covenant kingdom. 90% are gentiles. The complete number is 1,440,000!!

Yet another teaching lost to the WTS because they were thrown into total darkness just before the second coming and now they have no new light to try and impress their members with.

Don't you think 1,440,000 vs 144,000 is more realistic for managing the world population?

By the way, All of them TOGETHER (2 Thess 4:15,16) will be changed. Thus the 1st phase is the resurrection which is first in the flesh. Thus those resurrected join those still alive when Christ comes in the physical body. After they have served with Christ on the earth for 1000 years of the reign of Christ, then for a while being attackedby Satan who is let loose then destroyed, and then after they serve to judge the dead who come back on JUDGMENT DAY, it is then that they will all be changed "together" in the twinkling of an eye to heavenly bodies. When corruption puts on incorrection is when death is no more, thus thrown into the lake of fire. That does not happen until after the last man is judged. That doesn't happen until after the millennium and after Satan's destruction.

LS

104

Ezekiel 29:12 - Prophecy of the Desolation of Egypt for 40 years

by VM44 in

ezekiel 29:12. new international version(1984).

i will make the land of egypt desolate among devastated lands, and her cities will lie desolate forty years among ruined cities.

and i will disperse the egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.. new living translation(2007).

Larsinger58

Now reflect on this in terms of Jehovah's witnesses. Let's say they know the timeline is wrong. What is the cost of changing it?

They would have to re-date the fall of Jerusalem to 529 BCE. That means 1914 doctrine and Satan being kicked out of heaven in 1914 would be a false doctrine!! Further, they would have to deal with a messianic scenario for themselves of significance with the messianic arrival in 1992!!

If the messiah joined their organization and took over, that would have been great. They would have admitted their error or accepted they were blinded by God and that's it. They would become the visible true church in the world headed by Jesus Christ himself. But that didn't happen. When Christ arrived he cast them out as the "evil slave." So something like this would destroy this religion. So they would ask, particularly with the 1975 fiasco, would it be worth destroying the faith of all these people and admit that Jehovah was no longer supporting them? Of course not. It is better to just ignore it and wait to see what happens. They're excuse would be that the new ones and weak ones couldn't handle that level of a scandal and thus it is better not to destroy and nullify the organization and all these people they had gathered.

Plus, think of the money involved? They've got millions of members who now purchase the literature they give away free in the community. They are a major corporation. Will they throw all that away and what is in place or the sake of truth? Of course not. They have lots of reasons, including not wanting to hurt the organization and destroy the faith of the witnesses to pretend the chronology is sound. So they promote 607 BCE as much as those opposed promote 587 BCE. But both use 539 BCE for the fall of Babylon based on the false chronology. So JWs are just as much an agency of lies as the secular system Satan has set up to protect the current timeline.

See, the false and the true both join in to swear by a lie.

LS

104

Ezekiel 29:12 - Prophecy of the Desolation of Egypt for 40 years

by VM44 in

ezekiel 29:12. new international version(1984).

i will make the land of egypt desolate among devastated lands, and her cities will lie desolate forty years among ruined cities.

and i will disperse the egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.. new living translation(2007).

Larsinger58

By the way, Jewish rabbis have always said the Persian timeline was too long and there were too many kings. So the original chronology was never lost. But for a long while Jews had to bow to the whim of Christians and Christianity was taken over by pagan Freemasons at the time of Constantine, so their influenced prevailed to keep this a secret as long as possible. So the weak archaeology and chronology are avoided by the academic world. That is, Persepolis and the identification of Nehemiah with Xerxes and Darius, and the absolute time/date of the Exodus, which in and of itself would create a focus on the revised timeline.

So even though archaeology at Jericho tells you when the Exodus must have happened, dishonest scholars pretend not to see it. Because once they do discuss it or consider it an optional timeline along with all the other theories, it will be all too clear it is the most substantiated, especially when the 10 plagues were designed to show the gods of Egypt were worthless and that is precisely what Akhenaten stated and responded to with his monotheistic Atenism. That's proof of the Exodus, something atheists don't want to deal with. Because if one thing in the Bible, particularly something like the Exodus, is thought to be supported by science and archaeology then it proves there is a God and the Jewish history is real! They would rather not deal with that.

Further, the corrected timeline will clearly confirm that the messiah should have arrived in 29 CE to fulfill that prophecy. So it would tend to make Judaism obsolete, those factions that deny Christ. So one question is, is it worth destroying the Jewish faith? Especially all the Jews have gone through? They are already being attacked by Christians as outside of God's favor, particularly by Jehovah's Witnesses! Another confirmation of Jesus Christ might be too much.

I believe JWs put too much light on chronology, like the 70 years, and thus those defending the 70 years are DESPERATE. They try to make it look like there is no contradiction with the Bible, when there clearly is a contradiction between the Bible, the 70 years, and revised NB records. So it is not that they are stupid, but at what price to make the correction.

LS

104

Ezekiel 29:12 - Prophecy of the Desolation of Egypt for 40 years

by VM44 in

ezekiel 29:12. new international version(1984).

i will make the land of egypt desolate among devastated lands, and her cities will lie desolate forty years among ruined cities.

and i will disperse the egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.. new living translation(2007).

Larsinger58

Lars,

WHY did they do it?

Easy question. It was purely politics and the love of Xerxes. Xerxes became a very hated king in Greece after he destroyed all their architecture and sculpture. The Greeks were just aghast that he would do it and some wanted to just leave the destruction in place so they could see the audacity of it. But he also became a laughingstock in Greece. A play was even written about him. Besides that, some wanted revenge and thus there was always the threat of assasination.

Themistocles understood Greek logic. He understood revenge. So when it was clear it might stick that he could claim he was his own son, then that would improve his political situation, especially if he met a violent death. So he faked his death, historically speaking. Of course it worked over time, partially so. Then as I stated before, there was a need to make Darius a generation older so that he would be old enough to be the grandfather to Xerxes. So 30 years were added to the reign of Darius who died after his 6th year. Now history would reflect he ruled 36 years. To make up for this they would steal years from the previous Neo-Babylonian kings, which they did. But they could only squeeze out 26 years. That meant all the documents had to be revised, anything that would expose this secret, including business records. Since this was being done by the government, everyone had to comply.

And that is why the NB Period is 26 years shorter than the Bible shows. Later revisions added another 56 years to the Persian timeline thus distorting the chronology by 82 years at the point of the 1st of Cyrus. 30 years each were added to the reigns of Darius I and Artaxerxes II and the extra 21-year rule of Xerxes, separate from Artaxerxes is where 81 of those years are, which are easily removed from the timeline.

For instance. Darius begun Persepolis in his 4th year, confirmed by business texts. But he only finished one building and just barely that, which was his palace, leaving the other buildings he had started with Xerxes for Xerxes to complete. Another palace in Babylon only took 2 years to build. If we apply a similar timing here, it would seem from archaeolgy that Darius I died early 2 years after he began work at Persepolis. So the architecture actually supports the Bible's reference that he only ruled six years (Ezra 6v14,15)

In the case of Artaxerxes II, there are no surviving records to confirm him as the longest-ruling Persian king. Ktesias claims he was his physician for 17 years. That's our best reference of the length of his rule, 17 years vs 47 years. Knowing this, it is best to determine the Bible's true chronology, which is the 1st of Cyrus falling in 455 BCE.

Clearly, the only reason this has not become official is the influence of the academic world that does not want this knowedge to become official. It would represent a major dismissal of millions of historical books and embarrass the field of archaeology even if it answered many questions since the discrepancy does show up with RC14 dating or even pottery dating comparisons.

LS

7

satan

by logic in

i'm sure someone has asked this before, but did jesus create satan, and does 'created all.

things' include beings..

Larsinger58

Jesus did not create Satan.

God -- Jah -- is the creator. And he didn't create Satan either. Everything Jah created was good. He created the Cherub who made himself into Satan. The defect was his own. Ezekiel 28 There were two Arkangels sitting upon the Ark of the Covenant, one of them being Michael and the other being the Cherub (who is now Satan) before he made himself into Satan.

Jah used his Son (Jesus) to create creation.

Wow, how intuitive!! It is true. The two cherubs on the Ark of the Covenant do represent Michael and the angel that would become Satan. Satan is pictured as being cast out of holy Mount Zion which is the holy place represented by the ark of the covenant.

But I beg to differ with you that Satan was an "archangel", that only being a title or description of Michael.

But reflect on this. Angels as created if they did not disobey could have lived continuously into eternity. But God made them "mortal" a requirement when you also create free will and free moral angency. It is only after being tested and given a choice to worship God or not that you get eternal life. Satan made a choice. God accepted that choice. But he limited the time of free moral agency. Free moral agency ends when it is not needed, that is, when a creation makes that choice, there is no longer a need for free moral agency. Thus after being tested, eternal life is granted to those who choose God.

As a bit of trivia, these two angels were very unique and very close. Satan was the most beautiful angel in heaven, quite appropriate to be the wife of Michael. Thus in Genesis 3v15 Satan is called "the woman." "The woman and her seed" is the concept of Satan and her angelic followers. So Jesus (Michael) actually got a divorce in Eden and a rivalry between Jesus and his seed and Satan, the woman and her seed, was set up. This culminated in the battle in heaven between Michael and Satan, Satan taking a third of the angels in heaven in rebellion.

But, replacing Satan on Mount Zion is Christ new "bride", the church. So that symbolism of marriage is repeated with Christ's new Bride, one taken from the earth. These will have glory higher than any of the angels.

It's interesting you recognized the symbolism in the sanctuary for what is in heaven and that Satan is the "palm tree" figure represented on the curtains. Thus Satan had an extremely high position and high station in heaven before his/her fall.

LS

104

Ezekiel 29:12 - Prophecy of the Desolation of Egypt for 40 years

by VM44 in

ezekiel 29:12. new international version(1984).

i will make the land of egypt desolate among devastated lands, and her cities will lie desolate forty years among ruined cities.

and i will disperse the egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.. new living translation(2007).

Larsinger58

Lars,

Just to be clear, you are of the opinion that the Babyloninas, Assyrians, Egyptians and the Greeks, all revised their timeleines?

JEWISH REVISIONISM Finally, we must consider the Jews. The Jews have their own history books, of course, especially the Bible. They were active during the Persian Period when Xerxes decided to become Artaxerxes. So it is of note that the Jews were very cooperative. This would be no different than being at war with some country and as a loyal citizen you needed to lie about government secrets. Thus the Book of Daniel became a problem because it gave some history about Persia and identified Artaxerxes as the king who invaded Greece. So that book was suppressed. Also canonical Ezra/Nehemiah reflected Nehemiah returning with Zerubbabel in the 1st of Cyrus but living down to the reign of Darius II. That didn't work with the expanded Persian Period which would make him close to 150 years of age at his death. So Ezra/Nehemiah, originally in one book called "Esdras" was suppressed and a revised version of the book of "Esdras" created. So the Jewish revised documents are a dead giveaway what changes were being made during the Persian Period.

But it gets more interesting. Since the history of Nehemiah as cupbearer to Artaxerxes was suppressed, a folkloric hisotory of Nehemiah surfaced. Nehemiah was a "eunuch" (i.e. celibate gay) depicted as being infatuated with the handsome Xerxes/Artaxerxes. When he asked to return to help his people he is described as sitting on the kings lap and batting his eyes at the king. He was just as hysterical and funny as some of the exaggerated effeminate gay characters on some of the popular TV sitcoms. This was "sanitized" when Nehemiah's character was split between a man and woman, the beautiful "Esther" who became Artaxerxes' legimate wife, and Mordecai, Nehemiah's Babylonian name. Thus the Book of Esdras became semi-historical and placed after "Esdras" being called "Esdras IV."

But, the Jews revised this book in the 3rd Century AD because it showed Esther married to Artaxerxes in the LXX, which now contradicted with the resurfaced canonical Ezra/Nehemiah. So the Jews are noted to be the last revisionists when they revised the Book of Esther to reflect her as married to "Ahasuerus" instead of "Artaxerxes" (LXX). Thus this politically revised history was still influencing revisionism even after Christ.

And in the middle of all this is Josephus who has to try and be popular and yet also reflect the Biblical timeline, so depending on the work, he claims Evil-Merodach ruled for 18 years or 2 years, or that the desolation of Jerusalem was for 70 years or 50 years, etc. It's not that he's a bad historian as much as having to be politically correct and balance Biblical history with revised secular history.

LS

104

Ezekiel 29:12 - Prophecy of the Desolation of Egypt for 40 years

by VM44 in

ezekiel 29:12. new international version(1984).

i will make the land of egypt desolate among devastated lands, and her cities will lie desolate forty years among ruined cities.

and i will disperse the egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.. new living translation(2007).

Larsinger58

Lars,

Just to be clear, you are of the opinion that the Babyloninas, Assyrians, Egyptians and the Greeks, all revised their timeleines?

THE ASTRONOMICAL TEXTS History entered the Seleucid Period as revised by and reflected by Xenophon, who is the only Greek historian whose complete works survive. Thus when it comes to revisionism, it is very easy to see who the revisionists are, since they are the ones whose history we inherit. Of course, Xenophon is more than obvious since we see him revising the history of Socrates and he does write a book about Persian history, also Greek history, and he is the publisher and editor/redactor of Thucydides.

But then, likely around the time of Berossus who was very much into astronomy, it was noticed the many original astronomical texts from the Neo-Babylonian Period reflected the original chronology. So these texts had to be destroyed if the new conventional timeline was to remain in place. Simple as that. Tens of thousands of astronomical texts thus are missing. But, of course, they soon discovered there were lots of coincidental eclipses and other events that were occurring during the revised history. So this was taken advantage of when possible. For instance, the entire Assyrian Period is linked to a single solar eclipse occurring in the month of Simanu. That original event was in 709 BCE celebrating a predicted solar eclipse. When 57 years were added to the timeline that eclipse no longer worked and would have been removed from the historical record except another eclipse 54 years earlier in 763 BCE also occurred in the month of Simanu if the year was calculated to begin early. So it was left on the books because where was a satisfactory substitute event.

As well, with all those astronomical records, some records were copied and the new timeline applied to certain years. That is how we get the VAT4956, which copies astronomical events from year 568 BCE and applies year 37 of Nebuchadnezzar to the new text. Historians are fooled by this thinking this is a legitimate "copy" of an original document. They don't realize it is reflecting the revised date. It doesn't dawn on them that is why there are no original Babylonian astronomical texts and the critical ones we have, the VAT4956 and the Strm. Kambyses 400 are"copies" from 200+ years later! That's why you can't use them for critical challenge of any chronology as they are first suspected of being revised documents.

Thus that is what we have today. Revised historical records by the Persians and later on revised astronomical texts during the Seleucid Period to match the history revised by the Persians via Xenophon during the reign of Artaxerxes II.

So in fact, it really only took a few people in charge with the governments blessing to make these changes. Plus whoever had the money could easily buy up records they wanted to revise or destroy. The Persians had the political incentive to need to do this and the money to pay for getting it done.

LS

104

Ezekiel 29:12 - Prophecy of the Desolation of Egypt for 40 years

by VM44 in

ezekiel 29:12. new international version(1984).

i will make the land of egypt desolate among devastated lands, and her cities will lie desolate forty years among ruined cities.

and i will disperse the egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.. new living translation(2007).

Larsinger58

Lars,

Just to be clear, you are of the opinion that the Babyloninas, Assyrians, Egyptians and the Greeks, all revised their timeleines?

You ask a very important question since it introduces a concept of some really complicated and involved ongoing conspiracy or common practice of revising history. So it is important that I simply basically tell you what happened rather than let your imagination run wild until it goes into denial.

Basically, the Persians revised the history we have of the NB Period and the Persian Period. It was done in two phases. The first phase simply added 30 years to the reign of Darius I so that he was an extra generation older than Xerxes, who was now claiming to be Artaxerxes, the grandson of Darius I. Xerxes and Artaxerxes were the same king. The Persian kings all used double names. To compensate for some of this, they revised the Babylonian records, removing 26 years from the Neo-Babylonian kings. That was fine and well until Artaxerxes died. When he did, he claimed all 41 years of rule. The first 21-year rule as Xerxes was calculated separately. Then, Thucycides wrote his history of the Peloponnesian Wars. Because there were links to Persian history, it clearly showed the overlap of the 41-year rule of Artaxerxes with that of Xerxes. The PPW ended around the time of the death of Darius II.

So seeing the exposure, Artaxerxes II hired the Greek historian Xenophon to revise Thucydides to reflect more years and to clear up any contradictions. Thucydides came up with a revision that added an extra 57 years to the Greek timeline. Two simple changes. 1) He added the typical 30-year generation between the Persian and the Peloponnesian Wars, a period that was originally just 20 years. And he found a great eclipse substitutes if he moved the beginning of the Peloponnesian Wars back from 403 BCE to 431 BCE. That pushed the timeline back an additional 28 years, adjusted down to 27 years. This pushed the entire timeline back 57 years, even the previously adjusted timeline the Persians had made. Xenophon got Plato and Aristotle and Plato's students to help with the project. They were all in on this phase of the conspiracy.

That is why the Neo-Babylonian timeline is 57 years earlier than it should be. For instance, year 37 of Nebuchadnezzar now dated to 568 BCE should be year 511 BCE. That is entirely due to the Greek Period revision by Xenophon, Plato and Aristotle.

Next came the astronomical text revisions. Continued.

LS

104

Ezekiel 29:12 - Prophecy of the Desolation of Egypt for 40 years

by VM44 in

ezekiel 29:12. new international version(1984).

i will make the land of egypt desolate among devastated lands, and her cities will lie desolate forty years among ruined cities.

and i will disperse the egyptians among the nations and scatter them through the countries.. new living translation(2007).

Larsinger58

Lars,

Just to be clear, you are of the opinion that the Babyloninas, Assyrians, Egyptians and the Greeks, all revised their timeleines?

Well, actually, no. Technically, we know the Egyptians tried to blot out certain kingships. Like it is very well known that Akhenaten and King Tut were left out of the dynasty list of later pharaohs, so yes the Egyptians did some attempted changes. And there is evidence of some Assyrian kings taking credit for the same battles or stealing a 10 years here and there to lengthen their reigns. So technically, yes for the Assyrians and Egyptians, which is easily confirmed. But no for the Babylonians that I specifically know of, that is, during their own rule. After they became subject to the PERSIANS and GREEKS, then history was revised. However, the Persians were in charge of Babyonian, Assyrian and Egyptian records at one point giving them power to revise those documents. Later the Greeks were in charge of all these records and thus were able to reach back and revise records as well.

So it's a complex question. If you asked whether the Babylonians themselves changed their records, you'd get one answer. If you ask whether someone else changed the Babylonian records, you'd get another answer.

So let's get right to it. Did the Babylonians themselves change their records? No. The Persians did. That's why all the critical historical documents like the Babylonian Chronicle, Cyrus Cylinder and Nabonidus Chronicle are dated in the Persian and may even as late as the Seleucid Periods.

So it is easier to just insert the critical revisionism of the period under focus, which is the Neo-Babylonian Period. So, in answer to your question, the Persians changed the Bablonian records, removing 26 years from the NB kings in order to expand the reigns of some of their own kings in 2 phases. In each phase, they influenced Greek historians to propagandize those changes. Those historians are Herodotus, who is called the "father of history" and Xenophon.

But note what the major Greek historians are writing about? Persia! Cyrus! Herodotus' history is about the "Persian Wars" and Xenophon devoted an entire book, his Cyropaedia, about Cyrus and Persian history. Thus you see the Persian (assisted by the Jews, of course) influence through their money of this criticial time in history.

So if you asked if the Greeks revised their timeline, technically the answer is yes, since Herodotus and Xenophon were Greek historians. But the fact is, they were reflecting the propaganda of the revised Persian history, one that covered up the fact that Xerxes and Artaxerxes I were the same king.

So remember. You can have thousands of years of rather reliable, straightforward history, then in the last couple of years some court official trying to impress their king or needing to revise records for political reasons can do so. So what comes down to us is ONLY what the revisionists have decided to leave us.

LS

22

Daniel 9:2.... 70 years question

by digderidoo in

sorry to rehash an old topic.. in the first year of his reign, i, daniel, understood from the scriptures, according to the word of the lord given to jeremiah the prophet, that the desolation of jerusalem would last seventy years.

daniel is clearly speaking of jeremiah 25, but here he speaks of the desolation of jerusalem, rather than a babylonian dominance of jeremiah.. so how does daniel fit in with a 587/6 date for the destruction of jerusalem and the dominance of the babylonian empire refered to in jeremiah?.

paul.

Larsinger58

SCHOLAR

1. Josephus is quoted by the WTS regarding the 70 years and he begins the 70 years not with the fall of Jerusalem but with the "last deportation", year 23 of Nebuchadnezzar. Thus the 70 years are from year 23 to the 1st of Cyrus. The WTS is mistaken.

2. Read Zechariah 1 where you see 70 years after the destruction of Jerusalem ("denunciation") you are in the 2nd year of Darius the Mede. This confirms that Darius the Mede ruled for 6 full years before Cyrus came to rule at Babylon. Thus the 70 years of "servitude" and "desolation" of the land could not begin until the people were removed.

3. Acknowledge that Gedaliah was killed in year 20. We know this because there is a 2-year gap between the mourning in the 7th month for Gedaliah and the fall of Jerusalem. 70 years after the fall of Jerusalem ends in year 2 of Darius the Mede, but the mourning for Gedaliah in the 7th month ends 70 years in year 4 of Darius the Mede. Meaning? Meaning he was killed in year 20 and began to be mourned the following year. So the WTS is in error in this regard.

4. Realize that Jehovah has cast the WTS into spiritual darkness. Thus they did not understand the "70 weeks" prophecy about the world going forth to rebuild Jerusalem is a reference to the 1st of Cyrus. They begin the 70 weeks in the 20th of Artaxerxes in relation to the rebuilding of the walls, even though the temple was rebuilt already. Did the Jews build a brand new temple and no wall? The WTS suggests Jehovah provided his "invisible protection" in order to claim the walls were not rebuilt as part of the city until the 20th of Artaxerxes. How can I believe that? You can't. It's ridiculous. Thus the 1st of Cyrus does begin in 455 BCE.

Therefore, though you criticize AlanF and Jonsson for holding onto pagan, secular dates and dismiss them thinking the Bible supports 607 BCE, the fact is, the WTS itself uses 539 BCE, a secular date, as a "pivotal date" for coming up with 607 BCE and thus 1914. But the Bible does not support the fall of Babylon in 539 BCE. It dates the 1st of Cyrus to 455 BCE. The Persians revised their history, which is a factor you must accept if you dismiss every date except 539 BCE, but in fact, 539 BCE is a bogus date as well. So you are defending the WTS' decision to support secular chronology. 607 BCE is just a variation of the 539 BCE false dating.

Now it is great that you point out the ridiculousness of AlanF and COJ, but you have to examine yourself and the WTS.

Now here's your KEY SCRIPTURE! Ezra 6 verses 14, 15. These limit the rule of Darius I to just six years, which you can confirm by the archaeology at Persepolis. Artaxerxes is the second name for Xerxes! Aratxerxes is buried after Darius I at Naqshi-Rustam. Xerxes and Artaxerxes were the same king.

Now you are used to dismissing secular history as false, so finish the job! Follow the Bible. Realize the truth. 539 BCE is just as wrong as 587 BCE and thus 607 BCE.

Please comment on the above, I'd like to know what you think the WTS has to defend this.

Thanks.

LS