Hi James Free:
COJ was an elder who wanted to show that 607 could not have been the date that Jerusalem was destroyed. Although you arrive at a different date than almost every other secular source accepts, it still means that you both agree on one thing - it was not 607 BCE. For most JW's that is all they need to know, since this destroys the WT end-date of 1914, followed by all authority being given to the GB in 1919. It's all in the past, and of no relevance today, whatever the date.
Yes, once the differences are set aside, COJ does become an important focus on Bible chronology and we actually agree on several things. He provides a lot of rare references that I, in turn, redate to my own chronology, but I never found some of this information in my research. So he definitely is an important contributor to general Bible chronology and where the WTS is inaccurate. BUT, while we are seeing that both I and COJ dismiss 607BCE, you must also realize that the WTS and COJ use the same date for the fall of Babylon in 539 BCE and for the return of the Jews in 537BCE, both dates I'm dismissing as erroneous. Your comment about "of no relevance today"; however, is short-sighted. Don't forget, the WISE VIRGINS are the ones who get into the kingdom whereas the foolish virgins arrive late. That's because the wise virgins brought along extra oil, that extra oil meaning understanding of chronology. Without the chronology, you cannot correctly identify the messiah since general Biblical knowledge would not provide enough light, and it is important to get into the kingdom before the door is closed, so timing is very important. To discount the importance of chronology is a grave mistake. It makes the difference of getting halfway there or all the way there. The foolish virgin class are the ones who say things like, "It's all in the past, and of no relevance today." The wise virgins know better. They know, if possible, they need to see where the chronology dates the second coming. But even with not being able to sort all this out, you still only have three choices: 607, 587 or 529 BCE, which gives you 1914, 1934 and 1992. Finally, you mentioned that this is a different date than "every other source accepts." I'll just say this. Certain Jews have always known what the original chronology was. They didn't lose sight of it and were involved in helping Xerxes fool the Greeks by claiming to be Artaxerxes. That's why the Jews suppressed Ezra/Nehemiah, which showed that Nehemiah after returning from Babylon with Zerubabbel, lived down into the reign of Darius II. Per revised chronology, he'd have to be over 143 years of age to do that if he were about 30 years of age when he returned, the age of a professional in his position generally. So plese note in COJ's book, he does mention specifically that the Jews claim there are too many kings during the Persian Period and they have their own reduced chronology. RABBINICAL DATES:
832 BCE for beginning of first temple.
426 BCE for end of the first temple.
422 BCE for beginning of 70 years of exile for last deportees
352 BCE for end of second temple, 6th year of Darius. These dates, though, are more ridiculous than even mine! For instance 352 BCE for the 6th of Darius is otherwise falls in the 7th of Artaxerxes II, with Alexander the Great already historically on the scene by this time (born 356 BCE). Do you really think the Jews believe the sixth of Darius wasn't until 352 BCE? Hardly. Point is, is this a face value date or a cryptic date? A cryptic date is suspicious because all the temple dates convert to the original chronology based upon relevant temple date intervals. YOU decide if this is a coincidence or not. Case in point 352 BCE. Per the Bible, if you date the 1st of Cyrus in 455 BCE then the temple is completed 21 years later in 434 BC, which is the 6th of Darius. That is an 82-year difference for 455 BCE vs 537 BCE. Tihs continues through to the 6th of Darius occuring in the revised chronology in 516 BCE, an 82-year difference. But note that 352 BCE, a completely ridiculous date for the 6th of Darius is exactly 82 years after 434 BCE. This suggests the rabbinical date is simply mocking the pagan revision of the timeline: 516 - 82 = 534; 534 - 82 = 352 Thus we potentially have either a coincidence or a confirmation of the original dating known to the Jews to be 534 BCE if they are making a cryptic reference here. This raises our curiosity to test the other dates to see if there is the same kind of relevance. Turns out every single date can be converted using a relevant interval related to the primary temple dates. Case in point the 4-year interval between 422 and 426 BCE, related to the destruction of first temple. The correct dating for this 4-year interval is 529 BCE for the fall of Jerusalem and 525 BCE to begin the 70-year desolation. 82 years does not convert these numbers. But if you add 82 years with 21 years, the length of time between 455 and 434 BCE, which gives you 103 years, then 426 and 422 convert to 529 and 525 BCE. 455-434 = 21 21 + 82 = 103 422 + 103 = 525 BCE 426 + 103 = 529 BCE Finally the date for the beginning of the first temple is dated to 832 BCE. The original dating is 906 BCE, a 74-year difference. The interval between the end of the first temple and the beginning of the second is precisely 74 years (529-455 = 74 years). MEANING? Meaning that we can't rule out that the Jews ever lost track of the original chronology but have chosen to suppress the truth. This is particularly apparent when the Book of Esther was revised so that Esther was no longer married to "Artaxerxes, the son of Xerxes" but to Ahasuerus, which is presumed to be Xerxes. The Book of Esther was not accepted into the canon until the Third Century AD. But the LXX version shows her married to Artaxerxes, clearly a contradiction to the inspired Ezra/Nehemiah. Therefore, while the Jews actively helped the Persian with their revisions done for political reasons, that is, reworking "Esdras" (Ezra/Nehemiah) with a version that places Nehemiah with Zerubbabel but skips the part where he is cupbearer to Artaxerxes, for some reason, years later long after this, we find the Jews still maintaining this as a secret. Therefore, one factor that has to be considered as to why the academic world still seems to largely support the current timeline, is that is a very old political and potentially religious cover-up. The Book of Esther, of course, is not inspired and not cross-quoted from by the NT Bible writers who quote from all the other OT books (except Ecclesiates and Song of Solomon, two more non-inspired works). This chronology involves the verification of the Christ arriving 483 years after Jerusalem begins to be rebuilt. Jews would have a natural conflict of interest to the corrected chronology since they don't believe in Christ, thus the false chronology serves them well. There may be other reasons why, down the road, the revised chronology was also preferred. One potential one is because you have to also revise the history of Socrates, Aristotle and Plato. Socrates and Aristotle were lovers; Aristotle was the protege-lover of Socrates. When the chronology was re-worked by Xenophon, Socrates who was associated with the Peloponnesian War was moved back in time 28 years. This made him die in 399 BCE some 15 years before Aristotle was born in 384 BCE. When the timeline is corrected, Socrates dies in 366 BCE when Aristotle would have been 18, the same age as Socrates lover-protege, "Phaedo" was. The fact we know that the Greek chronology was revised is born out by various things, one chief one being "The Delian Problem" where Plato is consulted to help top a plague that broke out in the first year of the PPW by solving a match problem to double the size of a cubed altar at Delos. Problem is, the redating set the war in 531 BCE which is 3 years before Plato was born in 424 BCE. Ooops! Therefore, the current chronology now in place expects us to believe and/or ignore that Plato could have been consulted about something before he was even born. Sorry. Not good enough for me. Maybe be okay with you though and the rest of the world. Instead, a better eclipse for that war was found when Plato would have been 25 years of age and it corrects the Greek part of the timeline. But having it come out that Aristotle, Plato and Xenophon were paid revisionists by the Persian government probably isn't the story the academic world who considers Plao and Socrates and Aristotle as philosophy icons would want to have come out. Why do you think Xenophon was so into Persian history? How do you think I found out that Socrates and Aristotle were lovers? I wouldn't have thought that by general adjustment in the timeline. It's because people with secrets can't help revealing those secrets at some level, even cryptically, like the Jewish having fun with the Christian revisionists by coming out with a ridiculous timeline. Therefore, lots of people already know about the revisionisms. It's just not politically correct to change it for some reason. It's too disruptive to more than what relates to Jerusalem and the Jews, but to the Classical Greek Period as well. I came across a cryptic source where the text that exists dated to year 27 of a king "Artaxerxes, also known as Arses [Xerxes]" was mentioned. This was found by someone allowed to explore ancient texts in the British Museum. He also published the text of the SK400. But it wsa cryptically done. The author though related that apparently when he confronted the Museum curators about his discoveries, they rudely and promptly kicked him out of the museum. So who knows what texts he found in there that indicated that Xerxes and Artaxerxes were the same king. But it didn't matter. Even if he published his suspicions, an institution like the British Museum could buy up all his books after his death and he would go into obscurity. So he did like many ancient historians did. Wrote a politically correct book of interest, like Herodotus did, with lots of practical and interesting information, and then hide secret information within the text that hints at what really happened. Like the Thales eclipse, dated to the reign of Nabonidus in the context of the time when Alyattes and Cyaxares were ruling. Nabonidus was not a contemporary of Alyattes and Cyaxares. But the substitute eclipse in 585 BCE matches the time of Layattes and Cyaxares and Nebuchadnezzar, but the original eclipse in the original 2nd year of Darius in 478 BCE matches the rule of Nabonidus. So Herodotus is playing both sides of the fence. So any hint that the majority of scholars suggess credibility has to be qualified, especially if the scholars are Jewish. That is, it is expected that a Jewish scholar would know more specifically about the rabbinical timeline and claims by them that the Persian Period was much shorter. Not as short as they officially claim, though, their dates are cryptic references to the true chronology, which they traditionally have kept to themselves and not openly discussed and acknowledged with Christians. Everybody is friendly now, but before that, obviously, Jews and Christians didn't get along, and the HOLOCAUST is just barely 65 years ago. Wonderfully, the VAT4956, likely created by Jewish astronomers in Babylon to preserve a reference to the rule of Nebuchadnezzar confirms the original dating for year 37 of Nebuchadnezzar to 511 BCE. So the current dating is a JOKE now about academically out of date. It's just that simple. The current chronology remains in place because of religious and political polemics, not because of available research. JCanon