As
mentioned earlier, they are continuing to look at this matter and in the
current Report just released they have said this (I’ll
highlight some of the more interesting points)
Also, note the heading –‘ Concealment Offences’, sounds like a big problem for them.
Knowing that they will obey the law and being told that they are breaking the law, they would then be obliged to report all cases of criminal activities that fall under that legislation that the Org. becomes aware of. This may include things like rape, stealing, illegal immigrants and so on, depending on the requirements of the legislation. They get away with not reporting it in the USA and other countries because of either an exemption for religious institutions or the perceived idea that they have privilege under 'clergy confession.' The RC is about to tell them that they don't.
Concealment offences The Royal Commission heard evidence that, before the public hearing of this case study, the Jehovah’s Witness organisation did not consider that concealment offences were independent of obligations under mandatory reporting laws to report child sexual abuse.562 Mr Toole said the Jehovah’s Witness organisation had not reported child sexual abuse in New South Wales because it believed that only the mandatory reporting laws applied.563 In New South Wales, section 316(1) of the Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) makes it a criminal offence for a person with knowledge or belief that a serious indictable offence has been committed not to report to authorities information that may materially assist in securing the apprehension or prosecution or conviction of the offender. Similarly, in Victoria, section 327(2) of the Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) makes it a criminal offence for a person to not disclose to a police officer information that leads the person to form a reasonable belief that a sexual offence has been committed. Both jurisdictions provide a defence of reasonable excuse for withholding information.564 In Victoria, a person will not contravene section 327(2) if that person is (or was at the relevant time) a member of the clergy of any church or religious denomination and they learnt the information in the course of hearing a religious confession.565 There is no equivalent provision in the Crimes Act 1900 (NSW). However, in New South Wales a prosecution under section 316(1) of a person who learnt the relevant information in the course of practising a prescribed vocation (and a person Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au 63 practising a ‘prescribed vocation’ includes a ‘member of the clergy or any church or religious denomination’566) must not be commenced without the approval of the Attorney-General (section 316(4)).567 The Watchtower & Ors submitted that when a survivor of child sexual abuse discloses their abuse to an elder in New South Wales:568 the elder is not required to report the same to the authorities because of the application of the qualification in s.316(1) of ‘without reasonable excuse’ when those words are considered and understood in the light of the requirements of s.316(4) of the [Crimes Act 1900 (NSW)], s.127 of the Evidence Act 1995 (NSW) and the usages and rituals of the Jehovah’s Witnesses faith. First, section 316(4) of the Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) does not offer a defence to a charge of failure to report under section 316(1). Rather, it is relevant only to when a prosecution in relation to a specified class of person may be commenced. We do not consider that section 316(4) is relevant to the determination of whether an excuse is ‘reasonable’ within the meaning of section 316(1). Secondly, we disagree that section 127 of the Evidence Act 1995 (NSW), read together with section 316(1), will mean that an elder of the Jehovah’s Witness organisation will always have a ‘reasonable excuse’ for withholding from authorities his belief or knowledge that child sexual abuse has been committed. Section 127 provides that a member of the clergy is entitled to refuse to divulge the fact and/or content of a religious confession made to that member of the clergy. Whether information has been obtained in the course of receipt of a religious confession will depend upon the specific facts of any given case. It is not apparent to us how the example of a survivor disclosing their abuse to an elder in accordance with the documented policies of the Jehovah’s Witness organisation569 would constitute a ‘religious confession’ within the meaning of section 127 of the Evidence Act 1995 (NSW). On their face, those documented policies are directed primarily to the protection of the ‘spiritual and moral cleanness of the congregation’ from the threat of ‘such offenses as fornication, adultery, homosexuality, blasphemy’.570 The policies do not appear to be directed to encouraging a person to seek absolution for their sins. Even if the example given contemplated the disclosure of their crime to an elder by a perpetrator (rather than a survivor) of child sexual abuse, we are not satisfied, having regard to the evidence before the Royal Commission on the purpose and function of the internal disciplinary process of the Jehovah’s Witness organisation, that such a disclosure would on every occasion constitute a ‘religious confession’ within the meaning of section 127 of the Evidence Act 1995 (NSW). We do not accept that an elder of the Jehovah’s Witness organisation will never be obliged to report his knowledge or belief that child sexual abuse has been committed. Particularly where the abuser confesses to their crime, the obligation to report is compelling. 64 Report of Case Study No. 29 The Royal Commission will consider further the issue of the protection of the confessional in a later public hearing.