@ Essan . . .
Yes, in fact I think bullying is a rather weak term for it
I agree wholeheartedly. When quite young I was exposed to "institutionalised violence". It took the form of regular and sometimes injury causing violence that could not be countered . . . it had to be endured passively. The physical injuries would heal of course but the psychological scars remain with me over 40 years later. This experience has always been termed and referred to as "bullying", but in fact it was worse than that. Shunning on the other hand I believe is even worse than that again . . . much worse. Psychological torture is not an overstatement in my opinion.
@ Moshe . . .
Additionally, in past times banishment was the equivalent of a death sentence
You raise an appropriate parallel. As I read that I was reminded of the Mosaic Law provision of banishment to the "cities of refuge" . . . not too unlike the shunning arrangement . . . and reserved for those under sentence of death.