While I am neither Catholic nor a supporter of the Roman Catholic Church, I was raised a Catholic as a child before becoming a JW.
The Catholic Church does not look to any Scripture as a proof text for central authority or any of its teachings.
The New Testament writings did not exist or were not widely circulated by the time the bishops of the Church chose how to govern itself. One has only to read the writings of the Church Fathers to see that it was due to Apostolic tradition by which the Church evolved into the organization it did.
The writings of Luke wete unknown until Marcion of Sinope, the Gnostic and heretic bishop of the 2nd century, invented the first Christian canon. He rejected the gospels written by the apostles since they were Jews (and Marcion was against the Jews), so he employed a non-apostolic gospel, that of Luke, removing the first two chapters, and claiming that Luke was also a Gnostic and also against the Jews.
When the Catholic Church excomminicated Marcion, it began the process of developing its own canon, imcluding the works of Luke who not an apostolic witness to counter Marcion's anti-Jewish claims.
By the time this was done, the Church already had a central authority. In fact, Marcion had gone to the pope to get his canon approved only to find his Gnostic views rejected.
Luke & Acts would become official books of the New Testament in 367 CE by the hand of two Catholic bishops on Easter Sunday of that year along with the rest of the 27 books.
Marcion of Sinope was the first to introduce the concept of salvific "proof texts" as a concept of Gnosticism. This heresy was the reason the Church coined the Greek word "katholicos" or "catholic" to oppose the "proof text" concept, to teach that salvation came not just to those who found proofs in written books but was universal or all-inclusive (the meaning of the word "catholic") to anyone who heard the gospel about Jesus Christ.
Christianity is not based on texts like the New Testament. For proof, read the Church Fathers. They speak of Jesus being the authority and the Apostles as the foundation, and their authority being given to the Fathers and bishops after them, not to writings like Marcion and the Gnotics taught.