Fusion bombs are quite a bit harder to make
Actually, really not that much harder at all. It's essentially the same principle as the less powerful fission bombs - compress a lot of matter together rather quickly. The most powerful atom bombs have the enriched material in a sphere, with not enough density to set off an uncontrollable chain reaction...at least, as large as the sphere is. You surround it with plastic explosive wired in such a way as to create a perfectly focused blast to the center of the sphere. This, obviously, compresses the enriched material to the point a fission explosion occurs. This is an 'atomic bomb'.
(very simplified explanation) You pretty much just take this core of an atomic bomb and encase it in a much larger, very, very dense shell inside which you put your deuterium. The atomic explosion in the center superheats the deuterium in a fraction of a second to the millions of degrees that a stars core has - the temperature needed to start nuclear fusion. Essentially, you make a very short lived very small star over a city. As you can imagine, the effect in an atmosphere is....quite intense.(/very simplified explanation)
Nuclear fusion - both as a weapon and a power source - creates many, MANY times more power than fission does. All 'nuclear power plants' today are fission plants. The first atomic bombs were fission bombs. We now have fusion bombs (the so-called 'hydrogen bomb'), and are working on fusion plants, as well. The potential for power from it is unparalleled. Plus, no nasty nuclear waste from fusion, either, so...bonus!
why doesn't a fusion reactor with its 100 million degrees K produce gamma or other photonic radiation that melts the magnetic coils
Well, what happens is these very powerful magnets keep the plasma suspended so that it never makes contact with the coil. In theory. Problem is, to date, this type of fusion just doesn't look like it will pan out. It takes more power to run the magnetic coils than the fusion reaction generates. Thus, the so-called holy grail of 'cold fusion' - fusion power that generates more energy than it uses.
Not so much a problem, there are obviously a LOT of other ways to get fusion. But, so far, all attempts have failed.
It is a problem that will be solved, and when it is....well, the world will change. Seriously. Think how much power a nuke plant generates now. Multiply that by a hundred. And the reactor uses water as fuel. And generates harmless helium as the sole by-product. Suddenly, every oil company everywhere goes out of business overnight. The middle east? Who cares!
Just imagine....
Edited by - Xander on 13 February 2003 17:34:55