Not sure if I posted this before but it's so damn interesting, I'll do it again!
By Yoginder Sikand
03 April, 2012
Throughout
the world, the overwhelming majority of people who believe in, or otherwise
feel emotionally linked to, a particular religion are those who have been born
into it. This fact has crucial implications for how most ‘believers’
come to develop notions of what they regard as ‘true’ and, conversely, ‘false’,
religion.
For almost all people, their religious
faith is something they inherit from their immediate families.
From infancy itself, they are carefully socialized by their parents and other
close relatives into accepting the religious doctrines, beliefs and rituals of
their families. At this stage in their lives, children are most susceptible to
the influence of their parents. Unable to think for themselves about matters
such as religion, they naturally accept whatever is taught to them by their
parents, whom they implicitly trust. Being wholly dependent—psychologically,
emotionally and materially—on their parents, they automatically imbibe the
religious beliefs and prejudices of the latter. This is how blind,
unquestioning belief in the religion that they inherit at birth becomes so
deeply-rooted in most people as to make it almost impossible for to shake off
at a later stage in life. Along with this, in many cases children are also
socialized by their parents into believing that their religion alone is true
and that all others are false, impure or deviant. Naturally, all these
religious prejudices—about the supposed superiority of their own religion and
the putative falsity of all other religions—that they inherit at this
impressionable age remain with many people deep into adulthood and last till
they die.
The fact of the matter, then, is that what
almost all ‘believers’ —irrespective of religion—passionately regard as
ultimate religious truth is simply the collection of religious beliefs, rituals
and prejudices that they unthinkingly inherit from their parents, and which,
through very effective indoctrination, they are trained into blindly believing
as Absolute Truth. This means that the vast majority of
the world’s Muslims, Christians, Hindus, Buddhists, Jews, Sikhs, ‘pagans’ and
so on are such only because they happened to have been born into families
linked to the particular religion that they grew up to believe in. If
almost all ‘believers’ regard their respective religions as the best among all
or as the truest or as most fully manifesting the Ultimate Truth, it is almost
inevitably only because this is what they have been reared into believing by
their parents from a very young age itself.
Such faith in the superiority of their inherited religion is rarely, if ever,
based on a careful, objective, unbiased and neutral examination of all
religious, including their own.
There is more to the reality of the
inherited nature of notions of religious truth that most ‘believers’ adhere
than this. Every religion is susceptible to multiple interpretations, and this
explains the existence of fierce sectarian divisions within each of them. Each
sect within a larger religious tradition claims to monopolize religious truth
in quite the same way as most religious traditions themselves do. Here, too,
membership in a particular religious sect is almost always based on one’s birth
in it and consequent socialization into its doctrines from a young age. Almost
inevitably, a person is a Sunni or a Shia Muslim, and, then, a Deobandi Sunni
or a Barelvi Sunni or an Ithna Ashari Shia or an Ismaili Shia, not on the basis
of conscious, informed choice made in adulthood, when alone such a choice can
be made, or as a result of a careful comparative study of the competing
doctrines of these rival Islamic sects, but simply because he or she was born
into a particular sect whose beliefs he or she is then socialized into
believing represents the ‘true Islam’—which, in his or her mind, is equated
with Absolute Truth. The same principle holds in the case of sectarian
divisions in other religious communities, too.
What
does all this mean for our understanding of religious truth? Quite simply, it
indicates that for the vast majority of us, what we fervently regard as ‘true
religion’ (which a very great many of us spend our entire lives ardently
believing in, defending, and passionately seeking to convert ‘non-believers’
into accepting, through persuasion or even, sometimes, coercion) is simply the
bundle of religious beliefs, rituals, traditions and prejudices of the families
we happen to have been born into and which, through no fault of our own, we
have been made to believe represents Absolute Truth—even if it really doesn’t!
That
most people simply inherit from their families their understandings of what
they regard as Ultimate Truth indicates another key aspect of their
religiosity: a fundamental inability or unwillingness to search, think and
experience the Truth for themselves. Being effectively drilled
into accepting the religious beliefs of their families as representing the
Ultimate Truth, they see no reason to search for such Truth, for, so they
think, they already possess it! So effective is this indoctrination in most cases that to even
contemplate such a search and to think of going beyond their inherited religion
comes to be regarded as a dangerous lack of faith that supposedly merits Divine
wrath. Little
wonder, then, that relatively few people are able to escape the totalitarian
religious brainwashing that they are subjected to as children, and relatively
fewer are courageous enough to even question if their inherited religion is
truly the perfect embodiment of Ultimate Truth or the Divine Will that its
unthinking votaries insist it is.
Yoginder Sikand is a regular contributor to
Countercurrents and the author of several books on Islam-related
issues in India.
just saying!