The baking soda is the best way to remove odors.
It works. I mean it really works!
I would make a paste of baking soda and scrub it into the shoes. Let it sit for an hour or two, (in sun , if possible) then rinse.
Then, I would put the shoes outside in the sunshine (hang on the line, whatever) and let the sun dry them.
One reason they may smell after washing is because it takes them too long to dry and they start to smell sour.
Sun dried is best, so wait for a sunny day and wash shoes early so they will have all day to dry.
Even if they are not quite dry by evening, bring them inside so they do not get wet again with dew. You can put them out again the next day when sun is shining, or as someone else recommended, put near a fan to finish drying.
You might see if charcoal liner pads help in the future. You can buy them for 1.00 at walmart.