I like to perform "thinking experiments" like Einstein use to do. Of course, he was better equipped for it than I am. But, dash it all, I do anyway.
I imagine two men sitting side by side in a train station waiting on a train.
They more are less look like fairly "normal" people. Whatever that might mean to you or me.
One of them is a serial killer and the other a research scientist about to make a breakthrough that will lead to a cure for cancer.
Just by watching them you can't see any difference at all. Nothing gives away which is which.
Now here is where the experiment gets interesting.
You are sitting in a remote booth with two buttons in front of you that lead to a device connected to each chair where those men are sitting.
If you push the button on the left the guy on the left is injected with a fast acting non-traceable poison. He will die within thirty seconds painlessly.
If you push the button on the right the other guy gets the juice. Either way, somebody dies.
You have one minute to decide which one dies.
A third option is available to you, however. You can simply refrain altogether.
The serial killer will go on to kill eleven persons before being apprehended.
The research scientist will be one of those victims.
What would you do?
If you do nothing you have eleven murders you may have prevented on your conscience.
If the serial killer eliminates the research scientist there are untold numbers of cancer victims who will die agonizing slow deaths.
How does your thinking address this problem and what solution would you offer.
You are constrained to do only one of the three mentioned variables. You cannot stray outside the boundries of this problem as told.