I took at look at some of these passages. I agree. They do not
represent a single tree but rather many trees. I can't possibly deal
with all of them in one post. But let me try to tackle a couple.
Exodus 34:7 says this: "he punishes the children and their children
for the sin of the fathers to the third and fourth generation."
To understand this passage, I went to it's origin in Exodus 20:1-26.
In this passage, God is trying to impress upon Israel the importance
of obedience to Him. He reminds them that He is the God who brought them out of Egypt (vs. 2), summarizes the 10 commandments and points out the consequences of disobedience (vs. 3-18), then reminds Israel that the purpose of these instructions and warnings is not to create fear but to keep them from sinning (vs. 20.)
One of the biggest dangers Israel faced at that time was the negative influence of the pagan nations around them. As God's representatives, the were to live lives different and apart from the
world that surrounded them. They were also to reflect God's nature and His holiness in their lives. They had to be extremely careful lest they get vacuumed up by the evil in the cultures that
surrounded them and become just like them.
God knew that their stubborn nature would make it easy for them
to fall away and disobey him. God identified the consequences of
sin so they would be motivated to avoid the pitfalls of turning their
backs on him. Some of these consequences were the natural result
of letting sin reign in their lives. But the Jewish mindset really
never separated natural consequences of sin from deliberate acts of
God. They were often considered one and the same.
Exodus 20:4-6 indicates that adopting the religion of the
idol-worshippers that surrounded them would have a negative
affect upon their children. In affect, God identified a "rule of
society" that parents' behavior and choices will affect their children.
The bad news is that the wrong choices or bad character of parents
can influence several subequent generations. The good news is that
this is limited. God doesn't say that these negative influences will
last "forever". But the better news is in verse 6. It states that God shows "love to a thousand generations of those who love me and
keep my commandments." God promises that the choice of obedience will influence others positively for hundreds of times longer than the affect of bad choices.
So I don't see this passage as judgement at all, but simply a
statement of fact. Bad character will affect others negatively for a
limited time. But good character will affect others positively for an
immeasurable amount of time.
The next verse, Leviticus 26:22, needs to be taken in context with
all of Leviticus 26. Once again, God is describing the rewards of
obedience and contrasting this with the results of disobedience.
I think the key verses are 11-13. God said that if Israel obeyed,
then "I will put my dwelling place among you and will not abhor
you. I will walk among you and be your God, and you will be my
people. "
These verses are consistent with the verses in the Bible that talk
about God's desire to have a personal relationship with people. If
Israel chose to have this relationship with God, they were promised
blessings, peace, protection, and fruitful lives (vs. 3-10). On the
otherhand, if they chose to turn their backs on God, then God said
that He would remove his blessings and they would have to fend for
themselves, suffering drought, turmoil, loss of protection, and
wasted lives (vs. 14-39).
One specific promise was that Israel would be protected from the
wild beasts of the land if they obeyed God (vs. 6). If Israel chose to disobey God, then God said this protection would be removed and
their children would be taken away by wild beasts (vs. 22).
Leviticus 26 is a prophesy about what life would be like without
God's protection. The sad thing is that Israel didn't listen to this
warning and eventually suffered the consequences this loss of
protection. Much what is described in Leviticus 26 eventually took
place.
One thing I try to keep in mind when reading passages like this is
that Israel had (and many feel continues to have) a covenental
relationship with God. This means that God had some unconditional promises he made to Israel on their behalf. But they did have a choice to break the covenant by rejecting God and trying to live life without him. Leviticus 26:40-45 reminded Israel of this
covenant and God's promise to remain their "protector" and
"savior" if they would simply turn away from their sin and come
back to Him.
So those are some of my thoughts about the first two passages.
What are yours? And would you like me to continue on with some
of the others you've listed or are you ready to give some thoughts
to one of mine?