The cause of action would be libel. Libel is governed by civil and not criminal statutes. Religions are not exempt from civil or criminal actions. Libel is hard to prove, however, and even harder to set a value to the action. If you call me a S.O.B. in a public place, have you libeled me? If so, how much damage was done, and thus, how much monetary award should I get?
Religions are only exempt from government interference with respect to matters of faith, church government, and to a large extent taxation. The government is not to establish any particular sect or denomination as the preferred sect. While government can regulate how commerce-business must run its basic corporate laws, it is limited in this with respect to a religion. Although even here, if a religion decides to incorporate, which most do, they must still comply with such statutes that govern non-profit corporations.
If a religion violates criminal statutes, even in matters of faith, they can and will be held liable. A religion cannot choose to murder or use illegal drugs as part of its protected religious ritual and sacraments. Religions cannot commit financial fraud as part of protected church government. And religions cannot libel people without facing consequences.
Does Barbara, Bill, or the Pandelo's have a case for libel? Their respective attorneys can best advise them under the laws of their respective states. Even if they have a cause of action, the time and cost and potential recovery of these in a sufficient monetary award are what must be considered. In my personal opinion, it is a 50/50 shot. The Watchtower did strongly imply that there were 'other sins' outside the Dateline program ... and this could be taken as libel ... on the other hand, the statements were generalized and vague as to what exactly the allegations were. The Pendelo's and Barbara Anderson are now DF'd ... so, if the Society cannot show any proper ground for this within their own existing rules at the time their hearings took place ... this might be interesting to get into the courts. It is a matter of protected church government ... but it is also a matter of libel if there was no basis in fact or truth to charge them and make public comments about them.
Does the Watchtower have a cause of action for allegations made against them? This too must be fairly considered. The fly in the ointment for the Watchtower Society is that if they filed suits for libel against Bill, Barbara, and the Pandelo's, they would then be subjecting themselves to counter suits and to the expose' of the truth and facts. My bet is that the Watchtower knows the truth and does not want to get itself entangled in court. or the media.
Edited by - Amazing on 13 June 2002 9:40:55