In reading the full text of this account, a few things stood out to me:
? When the 11 tribes of Israelites went to inquire of God about who was to lead the assault against the Benjamites (20:18), there is no mention that they ever asked God what they should do about this situation, or whether or not they should launch an attack. It appears they made up their minds about what they were going to do and simply wanted God to advise them how to proceed.
? In the first two of three inquiries they made of God, He did not assure victory. It was only in the third inquiry that He says, ?I will give them into your hands.?
? Although prior to the second inquiry, the Israelites wept, prior to the third inquiry, they sat weeping, they fasted, and presented burnt offerings and fellowship offerings. God responds by not only assuring victory, but specifying that it will be the next day. In His response to the second inquiry, he simply told them to go, but did not say when.
So here?s my take on this story:
The men of Gibeah who brutalized the woman were not only depraved but definitely committed a grievous crime, and it would have been consistent with the way God wanted things handled in that time and place for them to have been executed. The problem may have been the lynch-mob mentality the other Israelites approached this with. We aren?t told specifically why the Benjamites would not turn over the criminals, but, in any case, the other tribes were intent from the beginning to go to war against fellow Israelites, for what looks like vengeance without first consulting the LORD. So they were determined to take aggressive action against their brothers, assumed God?s approval, and simply brought him in at the end as a strategical consultant. No sadness over what they were going to have to do, no concern about possibly wiping out an entire tribe, just ?let?s get ?em and anybody who gets in the way.? So when they asked God who should lead the attack, he simply gave them the kind of answer they wanted, and he didn?t promise them success.
After the first defeat, they came crying to God and only then appeared to ask for His direction, even though it appears they intended to continue the campaign. He tells them to attack, but doesn?t say when, and he still doesn?t assure success. After the second defeat, they finally seem to be serious about getting God?s direction, and only then does He assure success.
The result of all this is over 65,000 killed, almost the entire tribe of Benjamin wiped out, and an oath they had to conjure up a technicality to get out of. A high price to pay in life and property, but the fault lies with the people from both sides of the conflict.