Was Satan viewed as a real person by the Israelites?
The funny thing is, when David was incited to conduct the "illegal census" in 2 Samuel 24, the original Hebrew says that Jehovah himself incited David to conduct the census,
The exact word for word translation of 2 Samuel in the original Hebrew is:
"And again the anger (flaired-nostrils) of YHWH was kindled (burning) against Israel, and He moved (enticed/incited) David against them to say (utter), Go (proceed) number (count/reckon/perform a census on) Israel and Judah."
By 1 Chronicles 21 we seem to have "new light" that tells us that it was "the Satan" that did the tempting. Interestingly, this is the FIRST TIME "the Satan" is mentionned in the Bible. There is a clear discrepancy here, and the NWT, in its well-documented and constant effort to reconcile biblical contradictions, heavily distorts the text by attributing the act to an impersonal "one" who is inciting David.
There is only one other time (apart from apart from extensive mentions as part of a celestial confrontation over Job) that "the Satan" is mentionned in the Old Testament, and that is in Zechariah 3. Yes, believe it or not, apart from in Job, the name "Satan" only comes up twice in the whole of the Old Testament, and for minor wrongs at that, one of those occurances is even attributed to Jehovah in a parallel account !!! (& Obviously, you also have the snake that just couldn't shut up in the Garden of Eden but was never named as "Satan", and the fallen "shining one", often incorrectly called "Lucifer" as a proper name).
Many scholars say that a change in doctrine (aka "new light") as to the personhood of "the Satan" happened between the writing of 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. Before this major doctrinal change, YHWH was credited with both the good and the bad and "the resister" was just a negative aspect of the God YHWH that the israelites worshipped, but after this major doctrine change, "the Satan" split off from YHWH to become a separate entity thereby leaving YHWH to be attributed with only the positive occurances. This is why he was a vengeful, cruel God in the early OT, but transformed himself into a God of love in the NT...
Satan as a seperate entity was largly ignored though, until the time of Jesus and the apostles. "The Devil" is not once mentionned in the Old Testament (obviously due to the fact that "tou diabolon" is a Greek phrase)... In the New Testament the "diabolon" or "Devil" is mentionned extensively as a seperate being. "Satan" is mentionned about 38 times and "the Devil" 34 times in the New Testament.
This means that (excluding Job, the snake in Eden and a single reference at Isaiah 4:12 to the fallen "shining one" or Lucifer), Satan the Devil is mentionned a total of 2 times in the OT and 72 times in the NT (also excluding all NT references to the Great Dragon, a Roaring Lion and the Original Serpent). Now in your Bible, feel the thickness of the OT in relation to that of the NT... does that seem balanced to you?
If we want to be picky and include all the references to snakes, lions and fallen angels, there is still a gross imbalance that shows the early Christians' paranoia about this entity, and there is still a conspicuous, sudden appearance of "the Satan" as a seperate being to YHWH halfway through the Old Testament. and a distict feeling that early on, YHWH and "the Satan" were just two sides of the same entity.
The JW story of Satan as the fallen angel, the original serpent and "Satan" the "Devil" seems to be a mixture of many different views of the origin of wickedness held by the early israelites.