Our Kingdom Ministry Jan 2006
Answer Sheet for the Service Meeting Part Entitled
"A Video That Highlights an Important Medical Trend"
1. Why are some in the medical community reevaluating the use of blood transfusions?
Ans: An increasing number of patients strogly favour not having transfuions; the risiks and costs of blood.
2. Give three examples of complex surgeries that may be performed without blood transfusions.
Ans: Pediatric open-heart, liver and orthopedic surgeries.
3. How many physicians and surgeons worldwide have indicated their willingness to treat patients without blood transfusions? Why are they willing to do so?
Ans: More than 100,000 in 150 countries. Out of respect for their patient's decision.
4. What have recent hospital studies revealed about blood use?
Ans: Growing evidence of unnecessary transfusions; less transfusion results in an improved outcome.
5. What are the medical risks associated with blood transfusions?
Ans: Bacterial contamination, viral infections, suppression of recipient's immune response, and human error.
6. What conculsion have many experts reached regarding the benefits of transfusion alternatives?
Ans: Better patient care, reduced health-care costs; safe, practical, and cost-effective therapies already exist.
7.What causes anemia? How tolerable is it to humans? What can be done to compensate for it?
Ans: A low number of red cells in relation to blood volume. Humans can tolerate much lower hemoglobin levels than previously assumed safe. Administer blood volume expanders.
8. How can red-cell production be stimulated in a patient's body?
Ans: Iron supplementation. In certain cases, the drug erythropoeitin (EPO) may normalize the blood count. [Note to speaker: Please inform the brothers that in some countries EPO conatins albumin derived from blood. Whether a Christian accepts such treatment is a matter of conscience.]
9. What techniques are being used to minimize blood loss during surgery?
Ans: Meticulous surgery, electrocautery devices, drugs that reduce bleeding, and intraoperative cell salvage. [Note to speaker: Please inform the brothers that some products and procedures are a matter of conscience.]
10. Can transfusion alternatives work for young children and for people involved in life-threatening emergencies?
Ans: Yes. An example shown involved a four-year-old child born with a serious heart defect who had a series of complex operations without blood transfusions. In one of the busiest trauma centers in the United States that performs hundreds of major operations each year on Jehovah's Witnesses who decline blood, mortality appears somewhat decreased.
11. What is one of the primary ethical principles of good medical care?
Ans: Honoring the patient's right to accept or reject a certain treatment.
12. Why is it important for Christians to make non-blood treatment choices in advance? How can we do this?
Ans: In an emergency, a victim may not be able to speak to convey his personal conviction. By executing and carrying a HCD card.