BroMac: Such a shame then for the WT dis-info writers the THOUSANDS and THOUSANDS of Buisness contracts/invoices/reciepts that have the Babylonian Kings Name/Day/Month/Year, who reigned when the transaction was processed. Such a shame for the WT that NO KINGS are MISSING and it is impossible to then have a 20yr gap to make 587 into 607. Clay is great!
LARS:
This argument is moot because the Bible's NB period is LONGER than in the current extant records which the WTS has shown are documents dated as much 2 centuries later. The Babylonian Chronicle self dates it's "copy" to year 22 of "Darius" (i.e. Darius II), which is during the Persian Period. Therefore, not one of the Babylonian rulerships or their business documents are challenged by the WTS! It is the MISSING years that are at issue.
Case in point, we have records for all 43 years of Nebuchadnezzar II, but the Bible says he ruled for 45 years. So 2 years are missing. It is easy thus to destroy the records for those extra years (2 years for Neb2, 16 years for Evil-Merodach, 2 years for Nabonidus and 6 years for Darius the Mede = 26 yearsl). Thus these surviving documents contradict nothing. But this would be a good argument for the Persian Period since that period was expanded by 82 years! So it would be important if you had thousands of documents confirming the extra years during this period, which is 30 extra years each for Darius I and Artaxerxes II for instance. But documentation is so scant, this period is called the "darkest period in human history."
But while "clay is great," stone is better. At the burial site of the Persian kings at Naqshi-Rustam, "Artaxerxes" follows Darius I, Artaxerxes being buried between Darius I and Darius II. This would support that the king who ruled after Darius I was "Artaxerxes" which is what the Bible calls the successor to Darius I and identifies as the king who completed the temple in the 6th year of Darius I. Thus per the Bible, Xerxes and Artaxerxes were the same king. Now later inscriptions claiming they were father and son might have been added, but the artwork and architecture reflect something different. At Persepolis, Darius I only completed one building though starting others with Xerxes while they were co-rulers. These other buildings had to be finished by Xerxes. A palace at Babylon only took two years to build. If that was the case for Darius' palace, then you have a confirmation that Darius I only ruled for about 6 years, since the business documents from Persepolis show the compound began to be built in the 4th year of Darius I.
In the meantime, the VAT4956 actually agrees with the "relative chronology" for the NB in the Bible, specifically, a 70-year period from year 23 of Nebuchadnezzar to the 1st of Cyrus. The Bible dates the 1st of Cyrus in 455 BCE and thus year 23 of Nebuchadnezzar II, the year of the last deportation to 525 BCE. The VAT4956 dates year 37 of Neb2 to 511 BCE, representing the original dating. In that case, year 23 falls in 525 BCE, the same date as the Bible's dating when 455 BCE dates the 1st of Cyrus.
So while there is zero challenge or objection to the rule of Neb2 being at least 43 years, the challenge is to the WTS to produce any documentation for a longer NB Period. The VAT4956 indirectly does this since it dates year 23 to 525 BCE as the Bible does, which requires a 70-year interval in order to date the 1st of Cyrus to 455 BCE. Likewise, the SK400 dates year 7 of Nebuchadnezzar II to 541 BCE, giving you the exact same results.
So it is bordering on being disingenuous or confused to mention the surviving business documents in any context that might contradict the extra 20 years inserted by the WTS.
Also, some think since these tablets are dated that they contradict the WTS' "absolute chronology" in some way. They do not. The dates in these texts are only RELATIVE DATING, not ABSOLUTE DATING. It would be the same as me telling you that I graduated from high school in my 18th year. Does that tell you the year I graduated? No. You would only be able to know the precise year if you knew my birthdate or if some other absolute date, perhaps from an astronomical text, could be linked to some time during my life. For instance, if I recorded an eclipse of the Moon in the month of Adar in my 15th year, if you could identify that eclipse event, then you'd know the year of my birth and then you would know the year of my graduation. That's why astronomical texts are so critical to dating.
The VAT4956's overwhelming references are to 568 BCE, especially the planetary references. But two lunar references in Lines 3 and 14 don't match 568 BCE. They both do match 511 BCE, however, and they both record the position of the moon when it passes by either sigma-Leonis or beta-Virginis, which is very measureable as far as the lunar path; the moon passes close to and nearly parallel to these stars rather than at a diagonal trajectory. Thus there are multiple levels of suspicion these two references were deliberately inserted and thus are cryptic references to the original dating for year 37 of Neb2 in 511 BCE, in which case the VAT4956 confirms the Biblical timeline and dismisses as fake the current timeline. So it is not that no secular documents exist that would support the longer NB Period. The SK400 and VAT4956 confirm the original dating. But again, since the original NB Period was revised and reduced, none of the surviving business documents supporting a shorter NB Period would directly contradict anything the witnesses or others (like myself) are claiming. It makes a difference if the documents confirm a shorter disputed period or a longer disputed period.