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(615b) (me?ûgâ) compass. Occurs only in Isa 44:13.
In Job 26:10 the Creator has "compassed the waters with bounds" (Kiv), or according to the more literal rendering of the RSV, "He has described a circle upon the face of the waters." This may mean the establishment of a boundary in the distance as the NEB, "He has fixed the horizon," or at the shore (cf. Job 38:8, 11). This is also the thought found in the use of the noun in Prov 8:27, "He set a compass upon the face of the depth" (KJV), which the NEB renders, "He girdled the ocean with the horizon."
Job 22:14 (KJV) declares that God "walketh in the circuit of heaven"; the "vault" of heaven is the expression used by the RSV, NAB, and NEB. The JB translates, "He prowls on the rim of the heavens."
Isaiah 40:22 (KJV) asserts that the Creator sits upon the "circle of the earth", a rendering retained by the ASV, RSV, and JB. The NAB has, "He sits enthroned above the vault of the earth," which the NEB amplifies as the "vaulted roof of the earth." NIV: "He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth." The poets of the OT describe their universe phenomenologically, i.e. as it appears to them standing on the earth and looking above and about. This perspective differs from that of modern scientific thought, which assumes a perspective beyond the earth. Both are accurate and useful according to their own perspectives.
Some have held that Isa 40:22 implies the sphericity of the earth. It may, but it may refer only to the Lord enthroned above the earth with its obviously circular horizon. Note the remarkable concept given in Job 26:7.
This quote has been taken from Harris’ Theologocial Wordbook of the Old Testament. Take note: “Both are accurate and useful according to their own perspectives.” In connection with Is. 40:22, I go for sphericity. That’s my privilege. Likle I said, to some a leap of faith, to some, grab and hold fast to what is fine. If one looks at the total picture, e.g. historicity, geographic accuracy, origin of races, practicle application, candor, the integrity of the witnesses, the Bible has a lot to offer. If you reject it, you will be poorer for it.