Thanks, ((((Dominick)))). It is too easy for some to forget that words and images have a long history with lots of baggage from the past. And they can hurt because of what they bring up.
I think it is no coincidence that lynching of Blacks by Whites increased during this period. Read any literature from this period and you will see that most Whites viewed Blacks (especially men) as lazy, shiftless, immoral, drunken brutes who were not fit to live.
Sylvia....What you say about the connection is perfectly echoed in this scholarly article:
"It is interesting to note that the black person as entertainment and comic figure has emerged twice in popular culture, and at both times race relations were extremely bad. The minstrel show, our first national popular entertainment, had comic Negroes as the focus; and it became widely popular in the 1840s just when the slavery issue was becoming a serious political question. Again in the 1880s and 1890s when race relations were at their worst, most violent level, the comic black man became the most common figure in America's new popular entertainment -- vaudeville and the musical revue. When he was being treated the worst, the Negro became the butt of the national joke, the principal comic character. In this way, popular culture's treatment of blacks reflected the society's humiliation of them. If humor is a way of relieving social tension, then making blacks into comics was one way of coping with an extreme situation....Blacks were systematically disenfranchised, segregated, and excluded from the economy. All of this was emphasized with lynching, on the average, of nearly 110 Negroes every year from 1889 to 1902. Popular culture reflected this degraded situation by trying to ease the tension with laughter. The black became the principal comic figure in the 1890s, replacing the Irishman as the butt of America's joke. Although it may be difficult for Americans in the last quarter of the twentieth century to believe, the Irish had once occupied a place in the American estimation that was as low or lower than that of the Negro. In the pre-Civil War South, Irish laborers were employed in construction work in places considered too diseased and deadly to use black slave labor" (J. Stanley Lemons, American Quarterly, "Black Stereotypes as Reflected in Popular Culture, 1880-1920", 1977, pp. 104, 106).