Many self-describedatheists are skeptical of all supernatural beings and cite a lack of empirical evidence for the existence of deities. Others argue for atheism on philosophical, social or historical grounds. Although many self-described atheists tend toward secular philosophies such as humanism [5] and naturalism, [6] there is no one ideology or set of behaviors to which all atheists adhere. [7]
The term atheism originated as a pejorativeepithet applied to any person or belief in conflict with established religion. [8] With the spread of freethought, scientific skepticism, and criticism of religion, the term began to gather a more specific meaning and has been increasingly used as a self-description by atheists.