Why does death have to be a penalty? Can't it just be a consequence? Is it not true that only through death can we be resurrected and be made perfect? Does not the scripture in Psalms say that precious in the sight of the Lord is the death of His saints? Paul tells the story of a seed sprouting into a flower, and he compares it to death and resurrection. Is the destruction of the seed really a punishment?
Some say that Adam brought about death through sin; but Adam didn't sin until after death entered the world. Y'know, the Bible never calls what Adam did a "sin." The Bible calls it a transgression in every instance. Can you sin in ignorance? Sin is knowing the difference between right and wrong, and acting contrary to that knowledge. The tree was called the tree of knowledge of good and evil. Adam didn't know the difference between good and evil, and was therefore unable to commit sin. What he did was transgress a law. I'll give an example of that. Is driving 30 mph a sin? No, intrinsically it is not a sin. If the speed limit is 25, then it is a transgression. Is eating fruit a sin? No, but if God says, "Don't eat the fruit," then it is a transgression to eat it. Adam could not sin, he could only transgress. Please don't call it sin.
And what did he transgress? The lesser of two contradicting commandments. What was the first commandment ever given man? To multiply and replanish the earth. what was the second? Don't eat the fruit. Adam and Eve never would have been able to have kids had they not eaten the fruit. They would have failed to keep their first commandment had they kept the second. So many think of Adam as rebelling against God and bringing down upon us all the wrath of a just God. This is wrong. Adam made a conscious decision to obey the greater commandment.
Why do we die? So we can ressurect. Why do we resurrect? So we can become more like God. Can we really become like Him? It's a commandment to become perfect like Him. Readers of the New Testament have to learn to distinguish between many subtle differences in the texts. What does "death" mean in the NT? It can mean two things. It can mean physical death and it can mean spiritual death. What does "law" mean in the NT? Well, it can refer to either the Law of Moses or the law of the Gospel. Many confuse themselves when trying to figure out the role of grace in our salvation when they read about "law." What does "God" mean in the NT? It can refer to God the Father, and it can refer to God, the Son. No, they are not the same person, but they are both part of the Godhead, and the title "God" can apply to each of them. "The wages of sin is death." This refers to spiritual death. "Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law." This refers to the law of Moses. "To them gave he power to become the sons of God." This is referring to God the Son. We are already sons of God the Father.
Back to death. Is baptism necessary for salvation? Yes, of course. What of those that die without ever having come to the knowledge of the actuality of the ressurection and the Gospel? What of their salvation? Eternal damnation? "He that believes and is baptized will be saved." Must they be baptized? Paul speaks of baptism for the dead, and many "apocryphal" books speak of other vicarious ordinances provided for fallen comrades. What say the JWs? "Oh, it's tranlsated wrong." The word translated "for" in the KJV has a few different meanings, apparently. #1 - "for" #2 - "in behalf of" #3 - "for the sake of." All three of these interpretations support the doctrine of baptism for the dead, and yet the JWs aren't satisfied. This interpretation obviously conflicts with their doctrine, so they claim that a word is missing. #3 could mean something else if we tacked the word "being" on to it. None of the other translations mean anything with that word, but the English phrase has two meanings if we throw another word on there (no other language on earth supports this theory). Conclusion? Oh, that must be the real meaning of the passage.
So, what about those that die without knowledge of their responsibilities? Someone once told me they would be baptized after the resurrection. So, the price of sin is paid, the resurrection accomplished, but the sign of death and resurrection will be applied once more only to satisfy an administrative requirement? Doesn't sound right to me.
We are not here as some residual punishment for a rebellious act our cohorting parents concocted in an effort to one up God. Some say Satan's first lie was that they would not die, but that they would become as God. Satan tells half-truths. Half of his statement is correct. Read the rest of the Genesis account. "And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil." Why didn't they want him to live forever? Not as a punishment, but as an act of mercy. If they lived forever they could never return to live with God. Death is God's merciful plan for bringing us back to Him. We are here only to prepare us to go back with Him.