Can we say "before space" or "outside of time"?
Yeah, I think we can conceive of that. It would mean that time didn't have meaning for you. You are a being that exists in all points of space-time, so any one point is not different than another point. The past, the present, the future, would all be terms that apply to someone else. You can conceive of a god wholly alone, creating "time" and then painting a universe in it. Those in the universe would see time as this all-encompassing thing, whereas you would see it as just another component of that universe you built. The god that did that may well not be limited by time. He could, for instance, halt time in that universe (to the extent that nothing in that universe would be allowed to change) and then restart it and nothing inside the universe would know anything happened. (How would such a pause be measured, since time exists only inside the universe? I don't know, I'm making this up as I go along!)
But SNG's point is that despite any detachment from the universe, the god being would still be subject to whatever logic we apply to anything else. (Logic is not always correct, but it still applies) I hold a hammer. You look away. You hear a thud that sounds precisely like the sound of a hammer hitting the floor. You logically deduce that I dropped the hammer. It doesn't matter if I really did or not, the logical conclusion is that I dropped the hammer. If I didn't, then the logical conclusion is wrong. But that doesn't shield the situation from having logic applied to it.
The difference is that you can look at me and my hammer and determine if logic was right or not.
With god and intelligent design, logic may suggest that a seemingly well-designed system must have been designed. The logic that says a man built a watch, also suggests that someone built the man. But the logic can't stop there. It must carry forward to suggest that the one who built the man must also have been built by someone. It doesn't mean that the logic is right, it just means that if you use logic to arrive at the first conclusion, you must also use it to reach the next and the next.
Perhaps god created the universe, and perhaps he has always existed. But perhaps not. Unlike my hammer, we can't look to verify. Perhaps someone that has always existed created god, and he created the universe. Or perhaps the stuff of the universe has always existed. No arguments about physical laws and entropy and all that can preclude it, because the universe is the universe. Energy can be transferred around, but it isn't destroyed. If it all collapsed back on itself, it would have the same energy it started with, and it could just blow up again and make a whole new expanding universe. Then do it again.
Perhaps.
Dave